Programming The Future

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Programming Kotlin

Author : Venkat Subramaniam
Publisher : Pragmatic Bookshelf
ISBN 13 : 9781680506358
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Programming Kotlin by : Venkat Subramaniam

Download or read book Programming Kotlin written by Venkat Subramaniam and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Programmers don't just use Kotlin, they love it. Even Google has adopted it as a first-class language for Android development. With Kotlin, you can intermix imperative, functional, and object-oriented styles of programming and benefit from the approach that's most suitable for the problem at hand. Learn to use the many features of this highly concise, fluent, elegant, and expressive statically typed language with easy-to-understand examples. Learn to write easy-to-maintain, high-performing JVM and Android applications, create DSLs, program asynchrony, and much more. Kotlin is a highly concise, elegant, fluent, and expressive statically typed multi-paradigm language. It is one of the few languages that compiles down to both Java bytecode and JavaScript. You can use it to build server-side, front-end, and Android applications. With Kotlin, you need less code to accomplish your tasks, while keeping the code type-safe and less prone to error. If you want to learn the essentials of Kotlin, from the fundamentals to more advanced concepts, you've picked the right book. Fire up your favorite IDE and practice hundreds of examples and exercises to sharpen your Kotlin skills. Learn to build standalone small programs to run as scripts, create type safe code, and then carry that knowledge forward to create fully object-oriented and functional style code that's easier to extend. Learn how to program with elegance but without compromising efficiency or performance, and how to use metaprogramming to build highly expressive code and create internal DSLs that exploit the fluency of the language. Explore coroutines, program asynchrony, run automated tests, and intermix Kotlin with Java in your enterprise applications. This book will help you master one of the few languages that you can use for the entire full stack - from the server to mobile devices - to create performant, concise, and easy to maintain applications. What You Need: To try out the examples in the book you'll need a computer with Kotlin SDK, JDK, and a text editor or a Kotlin IDE installed in it.

Programming the Future

Author : Sherryl Vint
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231552572
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Programming the Future by : Sherryl Vint

Download or read book Programming the Future written by Sherryl Vint and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 9/11 to COVID-19, the twenty-first century looks increasingly dystopian—and so do its television shows. Long-form science fiction narratives take one step further the fears of today: liberal democracy in crisis, growing economic precarity, the threat of terrorism, and omnipresent corporate control. At the same time, many of these shows attempt to visualize alternatives, using dystopian extrapolations to spotlight the possibility of building a better world. Programming the Future examines how recent speculative television takes on the contradictions of the neoliberal order. Sherryl Vint and Jonathan Alexander consider a range of popular SF narratives of the last two decades, including Battlestar Galactica, Watchmen, Colony, The Man in the High Castle, The Expanse, and Mr. Robot. They argue that science fiction television foregrounds governance as part of explaining the novel institutions and norms of its imagined futures. In so doing, SF shows allegorize and critique contemporary social, political, and economic developments, helping audiences resist the naturalization of the status quo. Vint and Alexander also draw on queer theory to explore the representation of family structures and their relationship to larger social structures. Recasting both dystopian and utopian narratives, Programming the Future shows how depictions of alternative-world political struggles speak to urgent real-world issues of identity, belonging, and social and political change.

Scala Reactive Programming

Author : Rambabu Posa
Publisher : Packt Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1787282872
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Scala Reactive Programming by : Rambabu Posa

Download or read book Scala Reactive Programming written by Rambabu Posa and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2018-02-28 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Build fault-tolerant, robust, and distributed applications in Scala Key Features - Understand and use the concepts of reactive programming to build distributed systems running on multiple nodes. - Learn how reactive architecture reduces complexity throughout the development process. - Get to grips with functional reactive programming and Reactive Microservices. Book Description Reactive programming is a scalable, fast way to build applications, and one that helps us write code that is concise, clear, and readable. It can be used for many purposes such as GUIs, robotics, music, and others, and is central to many concurrent systems. This book will be your guide to getting started with Reactive programming in Scala. You will begin with the fundamental concepts of Reactive programming and gradually move on to working with asynchronous data streams. You will then start building an application using Akka Actors and extend it using the Play framework. You will also learn about reactive stream specifications, event sourcing techniques, and different methods to integrate Akka Streams into the Play Framework. This book will also take you one step forward by showing you the advantages of the Lagom framework while working with reactive microservices. You will also learn to scale applications using multi-node clusters and test, secure, and deploy your microservices to the cloud. By the end of the book, you will have gained the knowledge to build robust and distributed systems with Scala and Akka. What you will learn Understand the fundamental principles of Reactive and Functional programming Develop applications utilizing features of the Akka framework Explore techniques to integrate Scala, Akka, and Play together Learn about Reactive Streams with real-time use cases Develop Reactive Web Applications with Play, Scala, Akka, and Akka Streams Develop and deploy Reactive microservices using the Lagom framework and ConductR Who this book is for This book is for Scala developers who would like to build fault-tolerant, scalable distributed systems. No knowledge of Reactive programming is required.

A Philosophy of Software Design

Author : John Ousterhout
Publisher : Yaknyam Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781732102200
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophy of Software Design by : John Ousterhout

Download or read book A Philosophy of Software Design written by John Ousterhout and published by Yaknyam Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Introduction to Julia Programming

Author : Sandeep Nagar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781521233412
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Julia Programming by : Sandeep Nagar

Download or read book Introduction to Julia Programming written by Sandeep Nagar and published by . This book was released on 2017-05-05 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Julia walks like Python and runs like C". This phrase explains why Julia is fast growing as the most favoured option for data analytics and numerical computation. Julia is the fastest modern open-source language for data science, machine learning and scientific computing. Julia provides the functionality, ease-of-use and intuitive syntax of R, Python, MATLAB, SAS or Stata combined with the speed, capacity and performance of C, C++ or Java.Present books is both for beginners and experienced users. While experienced users can use this as a reference, new users can learn the fine details of julia program's composition. CHAPETRS: 1. Introduction, 2. Object Oriented programming, 3. Basic maths with Julia, 4. Complex Numbers, 5. Rational and Irrational numbers, 6. Mathematical Functions, 7.Arrays, 8. Arrays for matrix operations, 9. String,s 10. Functions, 11. Control Flow, 12. Input Output, 13.

Ideas That Created the Future

Author : Harry R. Lewis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026236221X
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Ideas That Created the Future by : Harry R. Lewis

Download or read book Ideas That Created the Future written by Harry R. Lewis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classic papers by thinkers ranging from from Aristotle and Leibniz to Norbert Wiener and Gordon Moore that chart the evolution of computer science. Ideas That Created the Future collects forty-six classic papers in computer science that map the evolution of the field. It covers all aspects of computer science: theory and practice, architectures and algorithms, and logic and software systems, with an emphasis on the period of 1936-1980 but also including important early work. Offering papers by thinkers ranging from Aristotle and Leibniz to Alan Turing and Nobert Wiener, the book documents the discoveries and inventions that created today's digital world. Each paper is accompanied by a brief essay by Harry Lewis, the volume's editor, offering historical and intellectual context.

Industrial Robots Programming

Author : J. Norberto Pires
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387233261
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Industrial Robots Programming by : J. Norberto Pires

Download or read book Industrial Robots Programming written by J. Norberto Pires and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Robots Programming focuses on designing and building robotic manufacturing cells, and explores the capabilities of today’s industrial equipment as well as the latest computer and software technologies. Special attention is given to the input devices and systems that create efficient human-machine interfaces, and how they help non-technical personnel perform necessary programming, control, and supervision tasks. Drawing upon years of practical experience and using numerous examples and illustrative applications, J. Norberto Pires covers robotics programming as it applies to: The current industrial robotic equipment including manipulators, control systems, and programming environments. Software interfaces that can be used to develop distributed industrial manufacturing cells and techniques which can be used to build interfaces between robots and computers. Real-world applications with examples designed and implemented recently in the lab. Industrial Robots Programming has been selected for indexing by Scopus. For more information about Industrial Robotics, please find the author's Industrial Robotics collection at the iTunesU University of Coimbra channel.

Functional Programming in C++

Author : Ivan Cukic
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1638355665
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (383 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional Programming in C++ by : Ivan Cukic

Download or read book Functional Programming in C++ written by Ivan Cukic and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary Functional Programming in C++ teaches developers the practical side of functional programming and the tools that C++ provides to develop software in the functional style. This in-depth guide is full of useful diagrams that help you understand FP concepts and begin to think functionally. Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications. About the Technology Well-written code is easier to test and reuse, simpler to parallelize, and less error prone. Mastering the functional style of programming can help you tackle the demands of modern apps and will lead to simpler expression of complex program logic, graceful error handling, and elegant concurrency. C++ supports FP with templates, lambdas, and other core language features, along with many parts of the STL. About the Book Functional Programming in C++ helps you unleash the functional side of your brain, as you gain a powerful new perspective on C++ coding. You'll discover dozens of examples, diagrams, and illustrations that break down the functional concepts you can apply in C++, including lazy evaluation, function objects and invokables, algebraic data types, and more. As you read, you'll match FP techniques with practical scenarios where they offer the most benefit. What's inside Writing safer code with no performance penalties Explicitly handling errors through the type system Extending C++ with new control structures Composing tasks with DSLs About the Reader Written for developers with two or more years of experience coding in C++. About the Author Ivan Čukić is a core developer at KDE and has been coding in C++ since 1998. He teaches modern C++ and functional programming at the Faculty of Mathematics at the University of Belgrade. Table of Contents Introduction to functional programming Getting started with functional programming Function objects Creating new functions from the old ones Purity: Avoiding mutable state Lazy evaluation Ranges Functional data structures Algebraic data types and pattern matching Monads Template metaprogramming Functional design for concurrent systems Testing and debugging

The Future of Software

Author : Derek Leebaert
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621090
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Software by : Derek Leebaert

Download or read book The Future of Software written by Derek Leebaert and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuing the trend-watching of Technology 2001, which discussed the technologies that could well define the computing and communications environment that lies ahead, The Future of Software assembles the observations of leading computer scientists, strategists, and planners in both business and academia, this time tackling software development. Despite the extraordinary advances during the past few years in computing power, Derek Leebaert and the other contributors see as the biggest challenge for the future the development of software that can fully exploit the the computer's ever-increasing capabilities. Each author addresses the particular aspect of software that is his or her specialty, examining how various developments and applications will transform the way we think about and use comptuters as we enter the next millennium. The topics include the history and evolution of software, the future of software and how it will change the way we live, software standardization, work group computing, computer supported collaboration, end-user programming, natural language and natural- intelligence capabilities and limitations, the Japanese software industry, software and the law, and the coordination of knowledge.

Forge Your Future with Open Source

Author : VM (Vicky) Brasseur
Publisher : Pragmatic Bookshelf
ISBN 13 : 1680506390
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Forge Your Future with Open Source by : VM (Vicky) Brasseur

Download or read book Forge Your Future with Open Source written by VM (Vicky) Brasseur and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free and open source is the foundation of software development, and it's built by people just like you. Discover the fundamental tenets that drive the movement. Take control of your career by selecting the right project to meet your professional goals. Master the language and avoid the pitfalls that typically ensnare new contributors. Join a community of like-minded people and change the world. Programmers, writers, designers, and everyone interested in software will make their mark through free and open source software contributions. Free and open source software is the default choice for the programming languages and technologies which run our world today, and it's all built and maintained by people just like you. No matter your skill level or area of expertise, with this book you will contribute to free and open source software projects. Using this practical approach you'll understand not only the mechanics of contributing, but also how doing so helps your career as well as the community. This book doesn't assume that you're a programmer, or even that you have prior experience with free and open source software. Learn what open source is, where it came from, and why it's important. Start on the right foot by mastering the structure and tools you need before you contribute. Choose the right project for you, amplifying the impact of your contribution. Submit your first contribution, whether it's code, writing, design, or community organising. Find out what to do when things don't go the way you expect. Discover how to start your own project and make it friendly and welcoming to contributors. Anyone can contribute! Make your mark today and help others while also helping yourself.

Codebreakers Horizon: Navigating the Future of Programming Talent

Author : IngramSpark Book-Building Tool v1.0.0
Publisher : Anurag Anurag
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Codebreakers Horizon: Navigating the Future of Programming Talent by : IngramSpark Book-Building Tool v1.0.0

Download or read book Codebreakers Horizon: Navigating the Future of Programming Talent written by IngramSpark Book-Building Tool v1.0.0 and published by Anurag Anurag. This book was released on 2024-04-25 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Codebreakers Horizon" offers a comprehensive exploration of the technological workforce's future, addressing the critical shortage of skilled programmers and the collective effort required to resolve it. The book delves into the multifaceted nature of attracting, educating, and maintaining the programmers who will lead the charge in the next technological revolution. From the classrooms where foundational skills are taught to the boardrooms where global hiring strategies are devised, it scrutinizes the current state of tech education and industry practices. Through insightful analysis, "Codebreakers Horizon" reveals the gaps and opportunities in cultivating a diverse and robust programming talent pool. It advocates for a paradigm shift in how we view tech careers, emphasizing the importance of continuous learning, adaptability, and ethical considerations in an increasingly digital society. The book celebrates the successes of initiatives that bridge the divide between academia and industry, presenting case studies of pioneering partnerships that serve as beacons for reform. As it unfolds, "Codebreakers Horizon" provides a strategic framework for nurturing a workforce that is not only technically proficient but also culturally competent and ethically grounded. It paints a picture of a future where programming excellence is not the exception but the norm, achieved through concerted action and a reimagining of what it means to be a programmer in a world where technology is omnipresent. This is a call to action for educators, industry leaders, policymakers, and programmers themselves to collaborate in crafting a resilient, innovative, and inclusive future for the tech industry.

Beyond Java

Author : Bruce Tate
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 0596553498
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (965 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Java by : Bruce Tate

Download or read book Beyond Java written by Bruce Tate and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2005-09-22 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bruce Tate, author of the Jolt Award-winning Better, Faster, Lighter Java has an intriguing notion about the future of Java, and it's causing some agitation among Java developers. Bruce believes Java is abandoning its base, and conditions are ripe for an alternative to emerge. In Beyond Java, Bruce chronicles the rise of the most successful language of all time, and then lays out, in painstaking detail, the compromises the founders had to make to establish success. Then, he describes the characteristics of likely successors to Java. He builds to a rapid and heady climax, presenting alternative languages and frameworks with productivity and innovation unmatched in Java. He closes with an evaluation of the most popular and important programming languages, and their future role in a world beyond Java. If you are agree with the book's premise--that Java's reign is coming to an end--then this book will help you start to build your skills accordingly. You can download some of the frameworks discussed and learn a few new languages. This book will teach you what a new language needs to succeed, so when things do change, you'll be more prepared. And even if you think Java is here to stay, you can use the best techniques from frameworks introduced in this book to improve what you're doing in Java today.

Programming, Evaluation and Future Needs in Animal Ecology, El Pantanal

Author : T. E. Lacher Junior
Publisher : Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Programming, Evaluation and Future Needs in Animal Ecology, El Pantanal by : T. E. Lacher Junior

Download or read book Programming, Evaluation and Future Needs in Animal Ecology, El Pantanal written by T. E. Lacher Junior and published by Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE. This book was released on 1989 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Code with the Wisdom of the Crowd

Author : Mark Pearl
Publisher : Pragmatic Bookshelf
ISBN 13 : 1680506307
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Code with the Wisdom of the Crowd by : Mark Pearl

Download or read book Code with the Wisdom of the Crowd written by Mark Pearl and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Build systems faster and more effectively with Mob Programming. Mob Programming is an approach to developing software that radically reduces defects and key-person dependencies by having a group of people work together at a single machine. See how to avoid the most common pitfalls that teams make when first starting out. Discover what it takes to create and support a successful mob. Now you can take collaborative programming to the next level with Mob Programming. Mob Programming is a natural extension of the popular Pair Programming concept, and is not restricted to a specific programming language or technology. It can be used by anyone who develops software, including dev leads, software developers, and agile coaches. The more people working on a bug or feature results in fewer dependencies on individuals, and overall increased learning for everyone involved. With more eyes on the code, you'll find you develop better solutions with fewer defects. Set up your team for success by introducing Mob Programming in a way that benefits them. Create a good first Mobbing experience for your team with a template that avoids the common traps beginners may fall into. Master a collaborative and empathic mindset to help optimize the Mobbing experience. Learn how to make adjustments when things go wrong. Adapt your mobbing to different types of development tasks. Get management buy-in for your Mobbing experiment by demonstrating the benefits. Discover the equipment and resources you need, and how to adjust your workspace for an effective mob. Get important features to market sooner, squish bugs faster, and collaborate better today with Mob Programming. What You Need: All you need is three or more programmers, a meeting workspace that's large enough to accommodate your mob, and a computer on which to work.

The D Programming Language

Author : Andrei Alexandrescu
Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
ISBN 13 : 0132654407
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis The D Programming Language by : Andrei Alexandrescu

Download or read book The D Programming Language written by Andrei Alexandrescu and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2010-06-02 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: D is a programming language built to help programmers address the challenges of modern software development. It does so by fostering modules interconnected through precise interfaces, a federation of tightly integrated programming paradigms, language-enforced thread isolation, modular type safety, an efficient memory model, and more. The D Programming Language is an authoritative and comprehensive introduction to D. Reflecting the author’s signature style, the writing is casual and conversational, but never at the expense of focus and pre¿cision. It covers all aspects of the language (such as expressions, statements, types, functions, contracts, and modules), but it is much more than an enumeration of features. Inside the book you will find In-depth explanations, with idiomatic examples, for all language features How feature groups support major programming paradigms Rationale and best-use advice for each major feature Discussion of cross-cutting issues, such as error handling, contract programming, and concurrency Tables, figures, and “cheat sheets” that serve as a handy quick reference for day-to-day problem solving with D Written for the working programmer, The D Programming Language not only introduces the D language—it presents a compendium of good practices and idioms to help both your coding with D and your coding in general.

Programming Elm

Author : Jeremy Fairbank
Publisher : Pragmatic Bookshelf
ISBN 13 : 1680507176
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Programming Elm by : Jeremy Fairbank

Download or read book Programming Elm written by Jeremy Fairbank and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elm brings the safety and stability of functional programing to front-end development, making it one of the most popular new languages. Elm's functional nature and static typing means that run-time errors are nearly impossible, and it compiles to JavaScript for easy web deployment. This book helps you take advantage of this new language in your web site development. Learn how the Elm Architecture will help you create fast applications. Discover how to integrate Elm with JavaScript so you can update legacy applications. See how Elm tooling makes deployment quicker and easier. Functional programming offers safer applications with decreased runtime errors, but functional solutions that are type safe and easy to use have been hard to find, until the Elm language. Elm has the benefits of functional languages while compiling to JavaScript. This book provides a complete tutorial for the Elm language, starting with a simple static application that introduces Elm syntax, modules, and the virtual DOM, to exploring how to create a UI using functions. See how Elm handles the issues of state in functional languages. You'll continue to build up larger applications involving HTTP requests for communication. Integrate your Elm applications with JavaScript so you can update legacy applications or take advantage of JavaScript resources. Elm also provides built-in tooling to alleviate the tooling creep that's so common in JavaScript. This book covers Elm's deployment and testing tools that ease development confusion. Dive into advanced concepts including creating single-page applications, and creating performance improvements. Elm expert Jeremy Fairbank brings his years of web development experience to teaching how to use Elm for front-end development. Your web UIs will be faster, safer, and easier to develop with Elm and this tutorial. What You Need: You will need the latest version of Elm, 0.19, along with a browser to run the examples in this book.

Programming Language Concepts

Author : Peter Sestoft
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319607898
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Programming Language Concepts by : Peter Sestoft

Download or read book Programming Language Concepts written by Peter Sestoft and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses a functional programming language (F#) as a metalanguage to present all concepts and examples, and thus has an operational flavour, enabling practical experiments and exercises. It includes basic concepts such as abstract syntax, interpretation, stack machines, compilation, type checking, garbage collection, and real machine code. Also included are more advanced topics on polymorphic types, type inference using unification, co- and contravariant types, continuations, and backwards code generation with on-the-fly peephole optimization. This second edition includes two new chapters. One describes compilation and type checking of a full functional language, tying together the previous chapters. The other describes how to compile a C subset to real (x86) hardware, as a smooth extension of the previously presented compilers.The examples present several interpreters and compilers for toy languages, including compilers for a small but usable subset of C, abstract machines, a garbage collector, and ML-style polymorphic type inference. Each chapter has exercises. Programming Language Concepts covers practical construction of lexers and parsers, but not regular expressions, automata and grammars, which are well covered already. It discusses the design and technology of Java and C# to strengthen students’ understanding of these widely used languages.