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Process Chemistry Of Lubricant Base Stocks
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Book Synopsis Process Chemistry of Lubricant Base Stocks by : Thomas R. Lynch
Download or read book Process Chemistry of Lubricant Base Stocks written by Thomas R. Lynch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in processing methods are not only improving the quality and yield of lubricant base stocks, they are also reducing the dependence on more expensive crude oil starting materials. Process Chemistry of Lubricant Base Stocks provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemistry behind the processes involved in petroleum base stock production from crude oil fractions. This book examines hydroprocessing technologies that, driven by the demand for higher performance in finished lubricants, have transformed processing treatments throughout the industry. The author relates the properties of base stocks to their chemical composition and describes the process steps used in their manufacture. The book highlights catalytic processes, including hydrocracking, hydrofinishing, and catalytic dewaxing. It also covers traditional solvent-based separation methods used to remove impurities, enhance performance, and improve oxidation resistance. The final chapters discuss the production of Food Grade white oils and paraffins and the gas-to-liquids processes used to produce highly paraffinic base stocks via Fischer-Tropsch chemistry. Process Chemistry of Lubricant Base Stocks provides historical and conceptual background to the technologies used to make base stocks, thorough references, and a unique emphasis on chemical, not just engineering, aspects of lubricant processing—making this book an ideal and practical reference for scientists across a wide range of disciplines.
Book Synopsis Lubricant Base Oil and Wax Processing by : Avilino Sequeira
Download or read book Lubricant Base Oil and Wax Processing written by Avilino Sequeira and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-08-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides state-of-the-art information on all processes currently used to manufacture lubricant base oils and waxes-offering practical, timesaving solutions for specific on-the-job problems. Furnishes helpful lists of conversion factors, construction cost data, and process licensors, as well as a glossary of essential petroleum processing terms.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants by : Roy M. Mortier
Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants written by Roy M. Mortier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-14 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants" describes the chemistry and technology of base oils, additives and applications of liquid lubricants. This Third Edition reflects how the chemistry and technology of lubricants has developed since the First Edition was published in 1992. The acceleration of performance development in the past 35 years has been as significant as in the previous century: Refinery processes have become more precise in defining the physical and chemical properties of higher quality mineral base oils. New and existing additives have improved performance through enhanced understanding of their action. Specification and testing of lubricants has become more focused and rigorous. "Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants" is directed principally at those working in the lubricants industry as well as individuals working within academia seeking a chemist's viewpoint of lubrication. It is also of value to engineers and technologists requiring a more fundamental understanding of the subject.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants by : Roy M. Mortier
Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants written by Roy M. Mortier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of lubricants began in ancient times and has developed into a major international business through the need to lubricate machines of increasing complexity. The impetus for lubricant development has arisen from need, so lubricating practice has preceded an understanding of the scientific principles. This is not surprising as the scientific basis of the technology is, by nature, highly complex and interdisciplinary. However, we believe that the understanding of lubricant phenomena will continue to be developed at a molecular level to meet future challenges. These challenges will include the control of emissions from internal combustion engines, the reduction of friction and wear in and continuing improvements to lubricant performance and machinery, life-time. More recently, there has been an increased understanding of the chemical aspects of lubrication, which has complemented the knowledge and understanding gained through studies dealing with physics and engineering. This book aims to bring together this chemical information and present it in a practical way. It is written by chemists who are authorities in the various specialisations within the lubricating industry, and is intended to be of interest to chemists who may already be working in the lubricating industry or in academia, and who are seeking a chemist's view of lubrication. It will also be of benefit to engineers and technologists familiar with the industry who require a more fundamental understanding of lubricants.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants by : R. M. Mortier
Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants written by R. M. Mortier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use oflubricants began in ancient times and has developed into a major international business through the need to lubricate machines of increasing complexity. The impetus for lubricant development has arisen from need, so lubricatingpractice has preceded an understanding ofthe scientific principles. This is not surprising as the scientific basis of the technology is, by nature, highly complex and interdisciplinary. However, we believe that the under standing of lubricant phenomena will continue to be developed at a mol ecular level to meet future challenges. These challenges will include the control of emissions from internal combustion engines, the reduction of friction and wear in machinery, and continuing improvements to lubricant performanceand life-time. More recently, there has been an increased understanding of the chemical aspects of lubrication, which has complemented the knowledge and under standing gained through studies dealing with physics and engineering. This book aims to bring together this chemical information and present it in a practical way. It is written by chemists who are authorities in the various specialisations within the lubricating industry, and is intended to be of interest to chemists who may already be working in the lubricating industry or in academia, and who are seeking a chemist's view of lubrication. It will also be of benefit to engineers and technologists familiar with the industry who require a more fundamental understanding oflubricants.
Book Synopsis Lubricant Additives by : Leslie R. Rudnick
Download or read book Lubricant Additives written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-29 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text details the design of cost-effective, environmentally friendly lubricant additive technologies and components for the automotive, industrial, manufacturing, food, and aerospace industries. Presenting methods to improve the performance and stability of lubricants, protect metal surfaces against wear, and to control deposits and contaminant
Book Synopsis Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua by : Jorge Ancheyta
Download or read book Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua written by Jorge Ancheyta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many oil refineries employ hydroprocessing for removing sulfur and other impurities from petroleum feedstocks. Capable of handling heavier feedstocks than other refining techniques, hydroprocessing enables refineries to produce higher quality products from unconventional — and formerly wasted — sources. Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua illustrates how to obtain maximum yields of high-value products from heavy oils and residue using hydroprocessing technologies. While most resources on hydroprocessing concentrate ongas oil and lower boiling products, this book details the chemistry involved and the process modifications required for the hydroprocessing of heavy crude oils and residua. Emphasizing the use of effective catalysts to ensure cleaner and more efficient industrial fuel processes, the book presents key principles of heterogeneous catalyst preparation, catalyst loading, and reactor systems. It explains how to evaluate and account for catalysts, reactor type, process variables, feedstock type, and feedstock composition in the design of hydroprocessing operations. The text concludes with examples of commercial processes and discusses methods of hydrogen production. To meet the growing demand for transportation fuels and fuel oil, modern oil refineries must find ways to produce high quality fuel products from increasingly heavy feedstocks. Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua contains the fundamental concepts, technologies, and process modifications refineries need to adapt current hydroprocessing technologies for processing heavier feedstocks.
Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology by : Chang Samuel Hsu
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology written by Chang Samuel Hsu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 1238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive but concise reference resource for the vast field of petroleum technology. Built on the successful book "Practical Advances in Petroleum Processing" published in 2006, it has been extensively revised and expanded to include upstream technologies. The book is divided into four parts: The first part on petroleum characterization offers an in-depth review of the chemical composition and physical properties of petroleum, which determine the possible uses and the quality of the products. The second part provides a brief overview of petroleum geology and upstream practices. The third part exhaustively discusses established and emerging refining technologies from a practical perspective, while the final part describes the production of various refining products, including fuels and lubricants, as well as petrochemicals, such as olefins and polymers. It also covers process automation and real-time refinery-wide process optimization. Two key chapters provide an integrated view of petroleum technology, including environmental and safety issues.Written by international experts from academia, industry and research institutions, including integrated oil companies, catalyst suppliers, licensors, and consultants, it is an invaluable resource for researchers and graduate students as well as practitioners and professionals.
Book Synopsis Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants by : Leslie R. Rudnick
Download or read book Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-04 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the major economic and industrial changes in the lubrication industry since the first edition, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants, Second Edition outlines the state of the art in each major lubricant application area. Chapters cover trends in the major industries, such as the use of lubricant fluids, growth or decl
Download or read book Lubricants written by Marika Torbacke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Those working with tribology often have a background in mechanical engineering, while people working with lubricant development have a chemistry/chemical engineering background. This means they have a tradition of approaching problems in different ways. Today’s product development puts higher demands on timing and quality, requiring collaboration between people with different backgrounds. However, they can lack understanding of each other’s challenges as well as a common language, and so this book aims to bridge the gap between these two areas. Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance provides an easy to understand overview of tribology and lubricant chemistry. The first part of the book is theoretical and provides an introduction to tribological contact, friction, wear and lubrication, as well as the basic concepts regarding properties and the most commonly made analyses on lubricants. Base fluids and their properties and common additives used in lubricants are also covered. The second part of the book is hands-on and introduces the reader to the actual formulations and the evaluation of their performance. Different applications and their corresponding lubricant formulations are considered and tribological test methods are discussed. Finally used oil characterisation and surface characterisation are covered which give the reader an introduction to different methods of characterising used oils and surfaces, respectively. Key features: Combines chemistry and tribology of lubricants into one unified approach Covers the fundamental theory, describing lubricant properties as well as base fluids and additives Contains practical information on the formulations of lubricants and evaluates their performance Considers applications of lubricants in hydraulics, gears and combustion engines Lubricants: Introduction to Properties and Performance is a comprehensive reference for industry practitioners (tribologists, lubricant technicians, and lubricant chemists, etc) and is also an excellent source of information for graduate and undergraduate students.
Book Synopsis Surface Activity of Petroleum Derived Lubricants by : Lilianna Z. Pillon
Download or read book Surface Activity of Petroleum Derived Lubricants written by Lilianna Z. Pillon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hundreds of lubricant additives are available industry-wide to improve base stock properties and protect metal surfaces; however, the wrong combination of these commodities can result in substandard performance. Surface Activity of Petroleum Derived Lubricants explains how surface activity is affected by several factors: the interfacial properties
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication by : Theo Mang
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Lubricants and Lubrication written by Theo Mang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of lubricants in virtually all fields of the engineering industry is reflected by an increasing scientific research of the basic principles. Energy efficiency and material saving are just two core objectives of the employment of high-tech lubricants. The encyclopedia presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the realm of lubrication. All the aspects of fundamental data, underlying concepts and use cases, as well as theoretical research and last but not least terminology are covered in hundreds of essays and definitions, authored by experts in their respective fields, from industry and academic institutes.
Book Synopsis Modern Technology of Petroleum, Greases, Lubricants & Petro Chemicals (Lubricating Oils, Cutting Oil, Additives, Refining, Bitumen, Waxes with Process and Formulations) 3rd Revised Edition by : NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers
Download or read book Modern Technology of Petroleum, Greases, Lubricants & Petro Chemicals (Lubricating Oils, Cutting Oil, Additives, Refining, Bitumen, Waxes with Process and Formulations) 3rd Revised Edition written by NIIR Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICES. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lubricants, greases and petrochemicals are most versatile on the Industrial Plateau now a day. The significance of Lubricants, Greases and specialty products in the day to day functioning of nearly every machine part, instrument, appliance & device cannot be over emphasized lubricants reduce friction & wear between rubbing parts, thereby enhancing their life. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce friction between moving surfaces. It may also have the function of transporting foreign particles. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. The broad types of lubricating oils are as under; crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils. Synthetic lubricants have a higher viscosity index, but are less stable to oxidation. They are suitable for high temperature applications. In the modern industrial year, greases have been increasingly employed to cope with a variety of difficult lubrication problems, particularly those where the liquid lubricant is not feasible. Greases are essentially solid or semi solid lubricants consisting of gelling or thickening agent in a liquid lubricant. Greases and lubricants are one of the important products derived from crude petroleum. Petroleum is formed by hydrocarbons (a hydrocarbon is a compound made up of carbon and hydrogen) with the addition of certain other substances, primarily sulphur. Petroleum in its natural form when first collected is usually named crude oil, and can be clear, green or black and may be either thin like gasoline or thick like tar. The principal product of petroleum refining are motor gasoline, aviation gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, diesel fuels, lubricating oils and fuel oils. Considerable quantities of petroleum wax, bitumen, liquid petroleum gases (LPG), industrial naphtha and coke are also produced. Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas. Petroleum and natural gas are made up of hydrocarbon molecules, which are comprised of one or more carbon atoms, to which hydrogen atoms are attached. The Indian lubricants industry claims to be the sixth largest in the world. The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growing industries in the country. This industry also has immense importance in the growth of economy of the country and the growth and development of manufacturing industry as well. Some of the fundamentals of the book are types of lubricating oils, crankcase oils, gear oils, metal working oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbine oils, synthetic lubricants, formulations and com pounding of lubricants, additives for straight mineral oil gear lubricants, raw materials for lubricants, equipments for lubricants manufacture, reclamation of used lubricating oil, nature of contaminants in used lubricating oil, gravity methods of purification, metal forming and deforming lubricant, cutting oils, heat treatment oils, greases, sodium soap greases, lithium soap greases, aluminium soap greases, mixed soap greases, complex soap greases etc. The objective of this book is to furnish comprehensive information about nearly all prominent types of lubricants, greases and petrochemicals. This book covers formulae, processes of various petroleum items. This book is an invaluable resource for entrepreneurs, existing units, professionals, institutions etc.
Book Synopsis Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants by : Leslie R. Rudnick
Download or read book Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-22 with total page 947 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the field of tribology has evolved, the lubrication industry is also progressing at an extraordinary rate. Updating the author's bestselling publication, Synthetic Lubricants and High-Performance Functional Fluids, this book features the contributions of over 60 specialists, ten new chapters, and a new title to reflect the evolving nature of the
Book Synopsis Refining Used Lubricating Oils by : James Speight
Download or read book Refining Used Lubricating Oils written by James Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Used lubricating oil is a valuable resource. However, it must be re-refined mainly due to the accumulation of physical and chemical contaminants in the oil during service. Refining Used Lubricating Oils describes the properties of used lubricating oils and presents ways these materials can be re-refined and converted into useful lubricants as well as other products. It provides an up-to-date review of most of the processes for used lubricating oil refining that have been proposed or implemented in different parts of the world, and addresses feasibility and criteria for selecting a particular process. The book begins with an overview of lubricating oil manufacturing, both petroleum-based and synthetic-based. It reviews the types and properties of lubricating oils and discusses the characteristics and potential of used lubricating oils. The authors describe the basic steps of used oil treatment including dehydration, distillation or solvent extraction, and finishing. They explore the combustion of used oil for use as fuel, covering chemistry and equipment, fuel oil properties, and combustion emissions. The book considers alternative processing options such as refinery processing and re-refining. It also reviews the major refining processes that have been suggested over the years for used oil. These include acid/clay, simple distillation, combinations of distillation and hydrogenation, solvent extraction, filtration, and coking processes. The book addresses economic, life cycle assessment, and other criteria for evaluating the attractiveness of an oil recycling project, examining various costs and presenting an economic evaluation method using an Excel spreadsheet that can be downloaded from the publisher’s website. The book concludes with a chapter offering insights on how to choose the most suitable process technology.
Book Synopsis Lubricant Additives by : Leslie R. Rudnick
Download or read book Lubricant Additives written by Leslie R. Rudnick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-04-20 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cost, environmental, and performance issues coupled with legislative changes, new engine oil requirements, and technology development for exploration of space and the oceans are changing the lubrication additive market. Reflecting how the need for new applications drives the development of new lubricant additives, Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications, Second Edition presents methods to: Improve the performance, efficiency, and stability of lubricants Protect metal surfaces from wear Select lubricant additives for the food processing industry Select the most appropriate ashless additives Avoid microbial degradation of lubricants Lower toxicity And describes: Standard lubricant testing methods and product specifications Mechanisms and benefits of specific types of lubricant additives Recent industry trends Up-to-Date Coverage of Lubricant Additive Chemistry and Technology Addressing new trends in various industrial sectors and improvements in technology, this second edition provides detailed reviews of additives used in lubricant formulations, their chemistry, mechanisms of action, and trends for major areas of application. It explores the design of cost-effective, environmentally friendly lubricant technologies and lubricants for automotive, industrial, manufacturing, aerospace, and food-processing applications. An extensive list of online industry resources is available for download at crcpress.com.
Book Synopsis Refining Used Lubricating Oils by : James Speight
Download or read book Refining Used Lubricating Oils written by James Speight and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Used lubricating oil is a valuable resource. However, it must be re-refined mainly due to the accumulation of physical and chemical contaminants in the oil during service. Refining Used Lubricating Oils describes the properties of used lubricating oils and presents ways these materials can be re-refined and converted into useful lubricants as well as other products. It provides an up-to-date review of most of the processes for used lubricating oil refining that have been proposed or implemented in different parts of the world, and addresses feasibility and criteria for selecting a particular process. The book begins with an overview of lubricating oil manufacturing, both petroleum-based and synthetic-based. It reviews the types and properties of lubricating oils and discusses the characteristics and potential of used lubricating oils. The authors describe the basic steps of used oil treatment including dehydration, distillation or solvent extraction, and finishing. They explore the combustion of used oil for use as fuel, covering chemistry and equipment, fuel oil properties, and combustion emissions. The book considers alternative processing options such as refinery processing and re-refining. It also reviews the major refining processes that have been suggested over the years for used oil. These include acid/clay, simple distillation, combinations of distillation and hydrogenation, solvent extraction, filtration, and coking processes. The book addresses economic, life cycle assessment, and other criteria for evaluating the attractiveness of an oil recycling project, examining various costs and presenting an economic evaluation method using an Excel spreadsheet that can be downloaded from the publisher’s website. The book concludes with a chapter offering insights on how to choose the most suitable process technology.
