Problems Of Inhalatory Toxicity Studies

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Problems of Inhalatory Toxicity Studies

Author : Peter Grosdanoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Problems of Inhalatory Toxicity Studies by : Peter Grosdanoff

Download or read book Problems of Inhalatory Toxicity Studies written by Peter Grosdanoff and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION INTO METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN INHALATION TOXICOLOGY; PROBLEMS AND CONCEPT OF SHORT TERM INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES; ACUTE ORAL AND INHALATION TOXICITY; A CORRELATION OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS; HEAD ONLY AND NOSE ONLY EXPOSURE; WHOLE BODY EXPOSURE; VAPOR ATMOSPHERE GENERATION AND ANALYSIS; GENERATION OF AEROSOL FROM LIQUID AND SOLID TEST SUBSTANCE AND SAMPLING FOR AEROSOL ANALYSIS; GENERATION OF FIBROUS DUSTS AND SAMPLING FOR ANALYSIS; CRITERIA FOR THE SELECTION OF SUITABLE EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AND KEEPING METHODS FOR INHALATION EXPERIMENTS MAKING SPECIAL ALLOWANCE FOR LONG TIME EXPERIMENTS; THE SUITABILITY OF THE SYRIAN GOLDEN HAMSTER FOR CHRONIC INHALATION EXPERIMENTS; STUDIES OF PARTICLE DEPOSITION AND CLEARANCE IN HUMANS; DEPOSITION AND LUNG CLEARANCE OF INHALED PARTICLES IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS; NON INHALATORY ADMINISTRATION INTO THE RESPIRATORY TRACT; ON THE PROBLEMS OF EXPERIMENTAL CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES WITH FIBROUS DUSTS ADMINISTERED INTRAPERITONEALLY, INTRATRACHEALLY, AND BY INHALATION; A REVIEW OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS IN SMALL LABORATORY ANIMALS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH HUMAN STUDIES; TESTING OF PULMONARY FUNCTION IN CONSCIOUS EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS; LUNG FUNCTION TESTS ON HAMSTERS AND RATS USING THE WHOLE BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPH; COMPOSITION OF AIRWAY SECRETIONS IN EXPERIMENTAL BRONCHITIS ON THE RAT; ASSESSMENT OF EXTRAPULMONARY EFFECTS; PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED BY INHALED SUBSTANCES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EFFECTS; BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES; ASSESSMENT OF INHALATION PHARMACOKINETICS IN CLOSED EXPOSURE SYSTEMS.

Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment

Author : U MOHR (Ed)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment by : U MOHR (Ed)

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology; the Design and Interpretation of Inhalation Studies and Their Use in Risk Assessment written by U MOHR (Ed) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE TOXICITY OF AIRBORNE TOXICANTS; STANDARD-SETTING AS AN INTEGRATIVE EXERCISE: ALCHEMY, JUGGLING, OR SCIENCE; SPECIES DIFFERENCES IN INHALATION TOXICOLOGY: VARIATIONS IN EXPOSURE-DOSE RELATIONSHIPS AND MACROPHAGE FUNCTION; CELL POPULATIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: INTERSPECIES DIVERSITY IN COMPOSITION, DISTRIBUTION AND MORPHOLOGY; COMPARATIVE METABOLIC BASIS FOR THE DISPOSITION AND TOXIC EFFECTS OF INHALED MATERIALS; METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN DESIGNING AND CONDUCTING STUDIES WITH LABORATORY ANIMALS; EXPOSURE FACILITIES AND AEROSOL GENERATION AND CHARACTERIZATION FOR INHALATION EXPERIMENTS; DIFFERENT METHODS USED IN ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC INHALATION STUDIES OF POTENTIAL LUNG IRRITANTS, WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO LUNG FUNCTION; CHRONIC INHALATION TOXICITY STUDIES: PROTOCOLS AND PITFALLS; CARCINOGENICITY PROTOCOLS.

Drinking Water and Health,

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309036879
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Drinking Water and Health, by : National Research Council

Download or read book Drinking Water and Health, written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.

Inhalation Toxicology

Author : Ulrich Mohr
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642613551
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology by : Ulrich Mohr

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology written by Ulrich Mohr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), a nonprofit, public foundation, was established in 1978 to advance the sciences of nutrition, toxicology, and food safety. ILSI promotes the resolution of health and safety issues in these areas by sponsoring research, conferences, publications, and educational programs. Through ILSI's programs, scientists from government, academia, and industry unite their efforts to resolve issues of critical importance to the public. As part of its commitment to understanding and resolving health and safety issues, ILSI is pleased to sponsor this series of monographs that consolidates new scientific knowledge, defines research needs, and provides a background for the effective application of scientific advances in toxicology and food safety. Alex Malaspina President International Life Sciences Institute Contents Series Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Part I. Approaches to Assessing the Toxicity of Airborne Toxicants Chapter 1. Standard-Setting as an Integrative Exercise: Alchemy, Juggling, or Science? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 D. v. Bates Chapter 2. Species Differences in Inhalation Toxicology: Variations in Exposure-Dose Relationships and Macrophage Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 J. D. Brain Chapter 3. Cell Populations of the Respiratory System: Interspecies Diversity in Composition, Distribution, and Morphology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 e. G. Plopper, A. Mir, J. St. George, N. Tyler, A. Mariassy, D. Wilson, S. Nishio, D. Cranz, J. Heidsiek, and D. Hyde Chapter 4. Comparative Metabolic Basis for the Disposition and Toxic Effects of Inhaled Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A. R. Dahl Part II. Methodological Issues in Designing and Conducting Studies with Laboratory Animals Chapter 5. Exposure Facilities and Aerosol Generation and Characterization for Inhalation Experiments. . . . . . . . . .

Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030945252X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a mission and regulatory responsibility to protect human health and the environment. EPA's pursuit of that goal includes a variety of research activities involving human subjects, such as epidemiologic studies and surveys. Those research activities also involve studies of individuals who volunteer to be exposed to air pollutants intentionally in controlled laboratory settings so that measurements can be made of transient and reversible biomarker or physiologic responses to those exposures that can indicate pathways of toxicity and mechanisms of air-pollution responses. The results of those controlled human inhalation exposure (CHIE) studies, also referred to as human clinical studies or human challenge studies, are used to inform policy decisions and help establish or revise standards to protect public health and improve air quality. Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA addresses scientific issues and provides guidance on the conduct of CHIE studies. This report assesses the utility of CHIE studies to inform and reduce uncertainties in setting air-pollution standards to protect public health and assess whether continuation of such studies is warranted. It also evaluates the potential health risks to test subjects who participated in recent studies of air pollutants at EPA's clinical research facility.

Methods in Inhalation Toxicology

Author : Robert F. Phalen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849333439
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods in Inhalation Toxicology by : Robert F. Phalen

Download or read book Methods in Inhalation Toxicology written by Robert F. Phalen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-11-06 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conducting studies of natural and man-made air contaminants is a specialized research activity that draws upon skills from a variety of disciplines including toxicology, pharmacology, industrial hygiene, and environmental health. Methods in Inhalation Toxicology describes how knowledge from these disciplines is integrated into the design and conduct of inhalation studies. Each of the vital aspects of conducting these studies is discussed in detail, including the use of animal subjects and the related quality control and ethical considerations, air purification methodology, exposure atmosphere generation and characterization, inhalation exposure systems, and real-time and post-exposure biological assessments. These methods will enable you to conduct inhalation studies, easily adding any specific measures of particular interest to your research. The book covers techniques needed to: provide suitable clean air for experiments correctly generate the particles and gases being studied select the proper exposure system monitor the exposure prepare tissues for study ensure that animals do not have confounding lung disease The helpful descriptions and detailed lists of suppliers of preferred equipment and materials will help you to perform valid, reproducible inhalation toxicology studies. Methods in Inhalation Toxicology is a perfect textbook for students in toxicology programs, as well as for scientists who conduct inhalation studies in both academic and industrial environments.

Assessment of Inhalation Hazards

Author : David V. Bates
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642746063
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Inhalation Hazards by : David V. Bates

Download or read book Assessment of Inhalation Hazards written by David V. Bates and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), a nonprofit, public foundation, was established in 1978 to advance the sciences of nutrition, toxicology, and food safety. ILSI promotes the resolution of health and safety issues in these areas by sponsoring research, conferences, publications, and educational programs. Through ILSI's programs, scientists from government, academia, and industry unite their efforts to resolve issues of critical importance to the public. As part of its commitment to understanding and resolving health and safety issues, ILSI is pleased to sponsor this series of monographs that consolidates new scientific knowledge, defines research needs, and provides a background for the effective application of scientific advances in toxicology and food safety. Alex Malaspina President International Life Sciences Institute Contents Series Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . xiii . . . . . . . . . . . . . Part I. Integrative Approach to Assessing Human Health Risk: Two Contemporary Problems Chapter 1. Integrating Diverse Data Sets to Assess the Risks of Airborne Pollutants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 R.o. McClellan, R.G. Cuddihy, w.e. Griffith, and J. L. Mauderly Chapter 2. Risk Assessment for Radon Inhalation Based on Animal Exposure Data and Human Epidemiology . . . . . . . 23 . F. Steinhausler Part II. Types of Evidence: General Strengths and Weaknesses Section 1. Epidemiological Chapter 3. Inhalation Hazards: The Interpretation of Epidemiologic Evidence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . J.e. Bailar Chapter 4. Problems in Interpreting Epidemiological Data 49 P.N. Lee Section 2. Animal Chapter 5. Rodent Carcinogenicity Studies: Their Value and Limitations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 . . . . . . . . . .

Interim Policy for Particle Size and Limit Concentration Issues in Inhalation Toxicity Studies

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Interim Policy for Particle Size and Limit Concentration Issues in Inhalation Toxicity Studies by :

Download or read book Interim Policy for Particle Size and Limit Concentration Issues in Inhalation Toxicity Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products

Author : United States. Food and Drug Administration
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products by : United States. Food and Drug Administration

Download or read book Inhalation Toxicology Studies of Aerosolized Products written by United States. Food and Drug Administration and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030945249X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a mission and regulatory responsibility to protect human health and the environment. EPA's pursuit of that goal includes a variety of research activities involving human subjects, such as epidemiologic studies and surveys. Those research activities also involve studies of individuals who volunteer to be exposed to air pollutants intentionally in controlled laboratory settings so that measurements can be made of transient and reversible biomarker or physiologic responses to those exposures that can indicate pathways of toxicity and mechanisms of air-pollution responses. The results of those controlled human inhalation exposure (CHIE) studies, also referred to as human clinical studies or human challenge studies, are used to inform policy decisions and help establish or revise standards to protect public health and improve air quality. Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA addresses scientific issues and provides guidance on the conduct of CHIE studies. This report assesses the utility of CHIE studies to inform and reduce uncertainties in setting air-pollution standards to protect public health and assess whether continuation of such studies is warranted. It also evaluates the potential health risks to test subjects who participated in recent studies of air pollutants at EPA's clinical research facility.

Studies on the Inhalation Toxicity of Dyes Present in Colored Smoke Munitions. Phase II Studies: Range Finding and Toxicokinetics Studies of Inhaled Dye Aerosols

Download Studies on the Inhalation Toxicity of Dyes Present in Colored Smoke Munitions. Phase II Studies: Range Finding and Toxicokinetics Studies of Inhaled Dye Aerosols PDF Online Free

Author : Rogene F. Henderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies on the Inhalation Toxicity of Dyes Present in Colored Smoke Munitions. Phase II Studies: Range Finding and Toxicokinetics Studies of Inhaled Dye Aerosols by : Rogene F. Henderson

Download or read book Studies on the Inhalation Toxicity of Dyes Present in Colored Smoke Munitions. Phase II Studies: Range Finding and Toxicokinetics Studies of Inhaled Dye Aerosols written by Rogene F. Henderson and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The USAMBRDL has an interest in the potential inhalation toxicity of yellow dye (SY) and a yellow/green dye mixture (SY/SG) used in colored smoke munitions. In the rangefinding studies, no mortalities or life-threatening lesions were observed in rats exposed for as long as 6 hours per day for 5 days to airborne concentrations greater than 1 g/cu m of either SY or SY/SG. The particle size of the aerosols employed was about 5 micrometers MMAD. In the toxico-kinetic studies, rats inhaled pure 14C-SY aerosols or 14 micrometers C-SY aerosols in combination with SG (a 0.6 ratio of yellow to green by weight). SY was rapidly cleared from the respiratory tract (T sub 1/2-approximately 3 hr.). SG, however, was retained for a longer time (T sub 1/2> 22 days). The major pathway for excretion of SY metabolites was the feces, but some metabolites were also excreted in urine. There was no effect of SG on the kinetics of distribution and elimination of SY. The rapid absorption, distribution, and excretion of SY compared to SG may explain, in part, the differences in lowest toxic concentration observed in the Phase III toxicity studies conducted at ITRI (>250 mg/cu m for SY and> or = 50 mg/cu m for SG).

Environmental Medicine

Author : Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309568722
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Medicine by : Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine

Download or read book Environmental Medicine written by Committee on Curriculum Development in Environmental Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-05-12 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People are increasingly concerned about potential environmental health hazards and often ask their physicians questions such as: "Is the tap water safe to drink?" "Is it safe to live near power lines?" Unfortunately, physicians often lack the information and training related to environmental health risks needed to answer such questions. This book discusses six competency based learning objectives for all medical school students, discusses the relevance of environmental health to specific courses and clerkships, and demonstrates how to integrate environmental health into the curriculum through published case studies, some of which are included in one of the book's three appendices. Also included is a guide on where to obtain additional information for treatment, referral, and follow-up for diseases with possible environmental and/or occupational origins.

Hazard Evaluation Division

Author : Stanley B. Gross
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (944 download)

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Book Synopsis Hazard Evaluation Division by : Stanley B. Gross

Download or read book Hazard Evaluation Division written by Stanley B. Gross and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Standard Evaluation Procedure (SEP) for Inhalation Toxicity Testing discusses the requirements for inhalation toxicity testing defined in the Agency Guidelines. It discusses the different types of inhalation experiments that are usually carried out, the species usually used, exposure and generating systems, and the analyses of the exposure atmospheres. The SEP explains the reasons for the different requirements and how the requirements are usually met. There is some discussion on dealing with various problems which arise in these tests and a brief discussion on the bases for rejecting an inhalation study.

Acute Toxicology Testing

Author : Shayne C. Gad
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 008052592X
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Acute Toxicology Testing by : Shayne C. Gad

Download or read book Acute Toxicology Testing written by Shayne C. Gad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-10-27 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute toxicology testing provides the first line of defense against potentially dangerous chemicals. This book is a complete and practical guide to conducting and interpreting all regulatory required and commonly used acute toxicity tests. It presents detailed protocols for all of the common test designs and reviews their development and objectives. Acute Toxicology Testing, Second Edition will interest not only workers in the pharmaceutical industry, but also researchers and students in toxicology and public health. Key Features * Over 100 tables summarizing and interpreting results * Complete coverage of all major test designs and their limitations and advantages * Current status of alternative test designs and models

Experimental Report

Author : Ragnar Rylander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Report by : Ragnar Rylander

Download or read book Experimental Report written by Ragnar Rylander and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toxicological Profile for RDX

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for RDX by :

Download or read book Toxicological Profile for RDX written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264071202
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 452: Chronic Toxicity Studies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The Test Guideline focuses on rodents and oral administration. Both ...