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Preventing Hiv Infection Among Injecting Drug Users In High Risk Countries
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Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Infection Among Injecting Drug Users in High-Risk Countries by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preventing HIV Infection Among Injecting Drug Users in High-Risk Countries written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-20 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug dependence is a complex, chronic, relapsing condition that is often accompanied by severe health, psychological, economic, legal, and social consequences. Injecting drug users are particularly vulnerable to HIV and other bloodborne infections (such as hepatitis C) as a result of sharing contaminated injecting equipment. All drug-dependent individuals, including injecting drug users (IDUs), may be at increased risk of HIV infection because of high-risk sexual behaviors. There are an estimated 13.2 million injecting drug users (IDUs) world-wide-78 percent of whom live in developing or transitional countries. The sharing of contaminated injecting equipment has become a major driving force of the global AIDS epidemic and is the primary mode of HIV transmission in many countries. In some cases, epidemics initially fueled by the sharing of contaminated injecting equipment are spreading through sexual transmission from IDUs to non-injecting populations, and through perinatal transmission to newborns. Reversing the rise of HIV infections among IDUs has thus become an urgent global public health challenge-one that remains largely unmet. In response to this challenge, the Institute of Medicine convened a public workshop in Geneva in December 2005 to gather information from experts on IDU-driven HIV epidemics in the most affected regions of the world with an emphasis on countries throughout Eastern Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and significant parts of Asia. Experts from other regions also provided information on their experiences in preventing HIV infection among IDUs. This report provides a summary of the workshop discussions. Preventing HIV Infection among Injecting Drug Users in High Risk Countries describes the evidence on the intermediate outcomes of drug-related risk and sex-related risk prior to examining the impact on HIV transmission. This report focuses on programs that are designed to prevent the transmission of HIV among injecting drug users. These programs range from efforts to curtail non-medical drug use to those that encourage reduction in high-risk behavior among drug users. Although the report focuses on HIV prevention for IDUs in high-risk countries, the Committee considered evidence from countries around the world. The findings and recommendations of this report are also applicable to countries where injecting drug use is not the primary driver, but in which injection drug use is nevertheless associated with significant HIV transmission.
Book Synopsis High Coverage Sites by : Dave Burrows
Download or read book High Coverage Sites written by Dave Burrows and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report investigates programmes and sites in developing and transitional countries which were regarded by international authorities as "high coverage sites" i.e. where more than 50% of injecting drug users had been reached by one or more HIV prevention programmes. Each case study includes a description of the development of the programme and features of the services provided, an estimation of programme coverage, factors that led to high coverage, and a discussion of ways to maintain and expand coverage.
Author :National Research Council and Institute of Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309176212 Total Pages :352 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Transmission by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Preventing HIV Transmission written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.
Book Synopsis The Global HIV Epidemics Among People Who Inject Drugs by : Arin Dutta
Download or read book The Global HIV Epidemics Among People Who Inject Drugs written by Arin Dutta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses research questions related to an increase in the levels of access and utilization for four key interventions that have the potential to significantly reduce HIV infections among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and their sexual and injecting partners, and hence morbidity and mortality in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). These interventions are drawn from nine consensus interventions that comprise a 'comprehensive package' for PWID. The four interventions are: Needle and Syringe Programs (NSP), Medically Assisted Therapy (MAT), HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). The book summarizes the results from several recent reviews of studies related to the effectiveness of the four key interventions in reducing risky behaviors in the context of transmitting or acquiring HIV infection. Overall, the four key interventions have strong effects on the risk of HIV infection among PWID via different pathways, and this determination is included in the documents proposing the comprehensive package of interventions. In order to attain the greatest effect from these interventions, structural issues must be addressed, especially the removal of punitive policies targeting PWID in many countries. The scientific evidence presented here, the public health rationale, and the human rights imperatives are all in accord: we can and must do better for PWID. The available tools are evidence-based, right affirming, and cost effective. What are required now are political will and a global consensus that this critical component of global HIV can no longer be ignored and under-resourced.
Book Synopsis Drug Injecting and HIV Infection by : Andrew Ball
Download or read book Drug Injecting and HIV Infection written by Andrew Ball and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comparative international study of drug injecting behaviour and HIV infection based on the World Health Organization's study of 13 cities as disparate as Athens, Bangkok, Glasgow and Rio de Janeiro.
Book Synopsis Global Research Network Meeting on HIV Prevention in Drug-Using Populations by :
Download or read book Global Research Network Meeting on HIV Prevention in Drug-Using Populations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook on Risk of AIDS by : Barry S. Brown
Download or read book Handbook on Risk of AIDS written by Barry S. Brown and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1993-10-11 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intravenous drug users account for nearly one-third of the current AIDS cases in the United States--second only to gay males--and are responsible for 72 percent of female and 59 percent of pediatric cases of AIDS. Thus the National Institute of Drug Abuse launched a major effort in 1987 to locate hidden users and to see how they function and to evaluate strategies and community-based programs in 50 cities and 60 nearby communities around the country in order to lower risks to IV users and to reduce the dangers that they pose to others in the population. Brown and Beschner present the very latest findings and come to well-tested conclusions about how to change behaviors positively. This handbook is written for use in college, university, and professional libraries and for students, teachers, policymakers, and practitioners in public health service and in public policy at all governmental levels to study carefully. Brown and Beschner open with an introduction showing how injection drug users and their sexual partners are at risk for aids. Part I describes the spread of AIDS in the United States and Puerto Rico. Part II depicts patterns of injection drug and crack use and their effect on sex partners. Part III deals with gender issues. Part IV goes into demographic and background factors. Part V discusses key issues in the use of drug abuse treatment. Part VI analyzes outreach and behavior change strategies. And Part VI looks into how risk can be reduced as a result of outreach and specific intervention strategies. The final chapter comes to some conclusions about the effectiveness of various interventions by the National AIDS Demonstration Research Project. Background readings also add to the importance of this major reference.
Download or read book Technical Report Series written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection by : Sally J. Stevens
Download or read book Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection written by Sally J. Stevens and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection, you'll see why AIDS is the fourth leading cause of death among women of childbearing age, and you'll come to understand why it disproportionately affects minority women, many of whom are poor, addicted to drugs, and/or the sexual partners of drug users. You'll gain instantaneous access to the data collected by a national, multi-site Cooperative Agreement funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The quantitative and qualitative studies contained in this publication will familiarize you with the lives of women especially susceptible to HIV infection. You'll also discover descriptions of prevention strategies that will lower the risk of infection in this high-risk population of women. In Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection, at least two chapters focus on each main topic, giving you a deeper, multilayered look at each issue. Even after a few chapters, you'll find that your understanding of this national societal illness will expand tremendously in these and other areas: cultural contexts of various geographical areas of the United States perceptions of HIV risk among the women who use drugs the difference in risk behaviors of drug-using women in cities of different sizes with different rates of HIV seroprevelance how past and current domestic violence changes the HIV risk behavior of women who are sexual partners of drug users how the trading of sex for drugs and/or money is critical in tracking HIV risk behavior in women Women, Drug Use, and HIV Infection takes its data from a wide variety of U.S. locations and from a wide variety of women and organizes it in a way that you can understand, process, and ultimately turn toward transformative action in your rural or urban area of the country. You'll get the latest in outreach and intervention efforts, and you'll find yourself with more and more recommendations for future prevention.
Book Synopsis HIV Prevention Among Young Injecting Drug Users by : United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Download or read book HIV Prevention Among Young Injecting Drug Users written by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and published by UN. This book was released on 2004 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current estimates indicate there are more than three million injecting drug users worldwide who are HIV-positive, with prevalence rates particularly high amongst young people who often lack access to basic prevention services. This publication is based on the findings of a meeting, organised by the Global Youth Network project, held in Brazil in September 2001, which included representatives from organisations working with injecting drug users in eight countries. It contains best practice guidelines for building programmes designed to reach out to young drug users with information, services and structures appropriate to their needs.
Book Synopsis Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors by :
Download or read book Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles of HIV Prevention in Drug-using Populations by :
Download or read book Principles of HIV Prevention in Drug-using Populations written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789291934010 Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (34 download)
Book Synopsis Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Among People who Inject Drugs by : European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
Download or read book Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Among People who Inject Drugs written by European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the emergence of the HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs in the mid-1980s, many European countries have achieved substantial progress in implementing evidence-based measures to prevent and control infectious diseases among this group. In the 1990s, EU countries started to develop common prevention policies both in the fields of HIV/AIDS and drugs and drug addiction, which included the establishment of EU agencies to monitor the drug situation (the EMCDDA in 1993) and to prevent and control infections (ECDC in 2005). In the past two decades, prevention and treatment interventions have been expanded and brought to scale. According to reports for the year 2009, more than half of the estimated population of problem opioid users received substitution treatment, and many countries have established needle and syringe programmes with increasing coverage among people who inject drugs. Data from countries with well-established surveillance systems suggest that the number of new HIV infections among people who inject drugs has decreased considerably in most, but not all, EU countries during the last decade. In the European neighbourhood, injecting drug use remains a major factor of vulnerability for acquiring blood borne and other infectious diseases, including HIV, hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, bacterial skin and soft tissue infections, and systemic infections. Estimates of the number of people who inject drugs suggest that there are significant populations at-risk for these infections in all European countries. Unaddressed, these infections result in a large burden on European health systems, significant individual suffering, as well as high treatment costs. It has been shown that a pragmatic public health prevention approach can have a strong effect on reducing the spread of blood-borne and other infections among people who inject drugs. Prevention is feasible and effective, if properly implemented -- EU Bookshop.
Book Synopsis Righteous Dopefiend by : Philippe I. Bourgois
Download or read book Righteous Dopefiend written by Philippe I. Bourgois and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: a theory of abuse -- Intimate apartheid -- Falling in love -- A community of addicted bodies -- Childhoods -- Making money -- Parenting -- Male love -- Everyday addicts -- Treatment -- Conclusion: critically applied public anthropology.
Book Synopsis Addressing HIV/AIDS in East Asia and the Pacific by :
Download or read book Addressing HIV/AIDS in East Asia and the Pacific written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describing the risks associated with the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the region, this title provides lessons learned from different countries, and spells out key challenges, including political commitment and multisectoral support; public health surveillance and monitoring and evaluation; prevention; care, support, and treatment; and health services delivery.
Book Synopsis No Time to Lose by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book No Time to Lose written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-03-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has spent two productive decades implementing a variety of prevention programs. While these efforts have slowed the rate of infection, challenges remain. The United States must refocus its efforts to contain the spread of HIV and AIDS in a way that would prevent as many new HIV infections as possible. No Time to Lose presents the Institute of Medicine's framework for a national prevention strategy.
Book Synopsis The Impact of AIDS: Psychological and Social Aspects of HIV Infection by : Jose Catalan
Download or read book The Impact of AIDS: Psychological and Social Aspects of HIV Infection written by Jose Catalan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-05-22 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a selection of key contributions to the discussion on the psychological and social implications on HIV infection. It contains up-to-date and authoritative papers by senior practitioners and researchers in the field of the psychological and social aspects of HIV infection. The book will appeal to those involved in providing care
