Prevalence Transmission And Control Of Clinically Important Antimicrobial Resistant Bacteria Genes Within One Health Framework

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Prevalence, Transmission and Control of Clinically Important Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria/Genes within One Health Framework

Author : Qixia Luo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832542018
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Prevalence, Transmission and Control of Clinically Important Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria/Genes within One Health Framework by : Qixia Luo

Download or read book Prevalence, Transmission and Control of Clinically Important Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria/Genes within One Health Framework written by Qixia Luo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major public health issue, attracting increased attention from governments and researchers. The spread and transmission of antimicrobial resistant bacteria/genes is not only a clinical problem, but also poses unprecedented challenges in the animal husbandry industry and is closely linked to the environment. The clinically important antimicrobial resistant bacteria and their AMR genes, such as carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative Bacilli with bla_NDM, bla_KPC, bla_IMP, bla_VIM genes, colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria with mcr genes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with mec genes, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus with van genes, and tigecycline-resistant bacteria with tet(X) genes have been detected not only in health-care facilities but also in farms and environments. The concept of “One Health” emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and ecosystem health, with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria/genes occupying a unique position in close contact with all aspects.

Given the critical and interdependent nature of AMR in public health, animals and the environment, it is logical and necessary to take a "One Health" approach to address this issue. Clinically important antimicrobial resistant bacteria and genes have been reported and shown to be disseminated in humans, animals and the environment over the last few decades. The majority of these studies, however, only described resistant bacteria or genes from a single source and region, with no systematic or global conceptualization. The research on the transmission of AMR bacteria/genes has been limited and insufficient. A growing number of AMR-related proposals and policies have emerged, but few AMR control policy studies have been reported due to a lack of understanding of each participant's perspectives, values and goals. In this context, studies on the prevalence, transmission and control of clinically important AMR within the "One Health" framework are in line with demand.

Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309259363
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a "One Health" approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops.

Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309466520
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Antimicrobial Resistance by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Combating Antimicrobial Resistance written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-08 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As of 2017, the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance continues unabated around the world, leaving devastating health and economic outcomes in its wake. Those consequences will multiply if collaborative global action is not taken to address the spread of resistance. Major drivers of antimicrobial resistance in humans have been accelerated by inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in health care practices; the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in livestock; and the promulgation of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. To explore the issue of antimicrobial resistance, the Forum of Microbial Threats planned a public workshop. Participants explored issues of antimicrobial resistance through the lens of One Health, which is a collaborative approach of multiple disciplines - working locally, nationally, and globally - for strengthening systems to counter infectious diseases and related issues that threaten human, animal, and environmental health, with an end point of improving global health and achieving gains in development. They also discussed immediate and short-term actions and research needs that will have the greatest effect on reducing antimicrobial resistance, while taking into account the complexities of bridging different sectors and disciplines to address this global threat. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789241550130
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WHO has launched new guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals, recommending that farmers and the food industry stop using antibiotics routinely to promote growth and prevent disease in healthy animals. These guidelines aim to help preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics that are important for human medicine by reducing their use in animals.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : Mihai Mares
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839624329
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Resistance by : Mihai Mares

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance written by Mihai Mares and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tackling the realities of the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) situation today is no longer uncommon. Many battles have been fought in the past since the discovery of antibiotics between man and microbes. In the tussle of new antibiotic modifications, the transmission of resistant genes, both vertically and horizontally unveils yet another resistant attribute for the microbe, for it only to be faced with a more powerful, wide spectrum antibiotic; the cycle continues-and the winner is yet to be known. This book aims to provide some insight into various molecular mechanisms, agricultural mitigation methods, and the One Health applications to maybe, just maybe, tip the scales towards us.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Author : King K. Holmes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464805253
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by : King K. Holmes

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309168309
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resistance topic is timely given current events. The emergence of mysterious new diseases, such as SARS, and the looming threat of bioterrorist attacks remind us of how vulnerable we can be to infectious agents. With advances in medical technologies, we have tamed many former microbial foes, yet with few new antimicrobial agents and vaccines in the pipeline, and rapidly increasing drug resistance among infectious microbes, we teeter on the brink of loosing the upperhand in our ongoing struggle against these foes, old and new. The Resistance Phenomenon in Microbes and Infectious Disease Vectors examines our understanding of the relationships among microbes, disease vectors, and human hosts, and explores possible new strategies for meeting the challenge of resistance.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241564748
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (647 download)

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Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Resistance by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary report published as technical document with reference number: WHO/HSE/PED/AIP/2014.2.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries

Author : Aníbal de J. Sosa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387893709
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries by : Aníbal de J. Sosa

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries written by Aníbal de J. Sosa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-08 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avoiding infection has always been expensive. Some human populations escaped tropical infections by migrating into cold climates but then had to procure fuel, warm clothing, durable housing, and crops from a short growing season. Waterborne infections were averted by owning your own well or supporting a community reservoir. Everyone got vaccines in rich countries, while people in others got them later if at all. Antimicrobial agents seemed at first to be an exception. They did not need to be delivered through a cold chain and to everyone, as vaccines did. They had to be given only to infected patients and often then as relatively cheap injectables or pills off a shelf for only a few days to get astonishing cures. Antimicrobials not only were better than most other innovations but also reached more of the world’s people sooner. The problem appeared later. After each new antimicrobial became widely used, genes expressing resistance to it began to emerge and spread through bacterial populations. Patients infected with bacteria expressing such resistance genes then failed treatment and remained infected or died. Growing resistance to antimicrobial agents began to take away more and more of the cures that the agents had brought.

Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health

Author : Euzebiusz Jamrozik
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030278762
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (787 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health by : Euzebiusz Jamrozik

Download or read book Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health written by Euzebiusz Jamrozik and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-08-21 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access volume provides in-depth analysis of the wide range of ethical issues associated with drug-resistant infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely recognized to be one of the greatest threats to global public health in coming decades; and it has thus become a major topic of discussion among leading bioethicists and scholars from related disciplines including economics, epidemiology, law, and political theory. Topics covered in this volume include responsible use of antimicrobials; control of multi-resistant hospital-acquired infections; privacy and data collection; antibiotic use in childhood and at the end of life; agricultural and veterinary sources of resistance; resistant HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria; mandatory treatment; and trade-offs between current and future generations. As the first book focused on ethical issues associated with drug resistance, it makes a timely contribution to debates regarding practice and policy that are of crucial importance to global public health in the 21st century.

Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine

Author : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309269452
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (694 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine by : National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri

Download or read book Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine written by National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, published in 2014, sets out a plan for government work to mitigate the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Direction on the implementation of this strategy is provided in five-year national action plans, the first covering 2015 to 2020, and the second covering 2020 to 2025. Combating Antimicrobial Resistance and Protecting the Miracle of Modern Medicine evaluates progress made against the national strategy. This report discusses ways to improve detection of resistant infections and estimate the risk to human health from environmental sources of resistance. In addition, the report considers the effect of agricultural practices on human and animal health and animal welfare and ways these practices could be improved, and advises on key drugs and diseases for which animal-specific test breakpoints are needed.

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Author : Jun Lin
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195260
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by : Jun Lin

Download or read book Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance written by Jun Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

Tackling Antibiotic Resistance from a Food Safety Perspective in Europe

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789289014212
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis Tackling Antibiotic Resistance from a Food Safety Perspective in Europe by :

Download or read book Tackling Antibiotic Resistance from a Food Safety Perspective in Europe written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotics have revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases. But their use and misuse have resulted in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. This is now a significant health problem: each year in the European Union alone, over 25 000 people die from infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is also a food safety problem: antibiotic use in food animals -for treatment, disease prevention or growth promotion - allows resistant bacteria and resistance genes to spread from food animals to humans through the food-chain. This publication explores the options for prevention and containment of antibiotic resistance in the food-chain through national coordination and international cooperation, including the regulation and reduction of antibiotic use in food animals, training and capacity building, surveillance of resistance trends and antibiotic usage, promotion of knowledge and research, and advocacy and communication to raise awareness of the issues. This publication is primarily intended for policy-makers and authorities working in the public health, agriculture, food production and veterinary sectors, and offers them ways to take a holistic, intersect oral, multifaceted approach to this growing problem.

Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 46

Author : Harsh Panwar
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030530248
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 46 by : Harsh Panwar

Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 46 written by Harsh Panwar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the World Health Organization, antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to global health because the number of alternative antibiotics is very limited. Antimicrobial resistance is a slow evolutionary process that has been accelerated by human activities in health, environment and agriculture sectors. Due to their wide application, antibiotics and their residues have been found in almost all food products and natural ecosystems. This book reviews the drivers, impact and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance, with focus on methods and targets.

Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health

Author : A. Dufour
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 178040123X
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health by : A. Dufour

Download or read book Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health written by A. Dufour and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-14 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Domestic animals contaminate recreational waters and drinking-water sources with excreta and pathogens; but this threat to public health is inadequately understood and is insufficiently addressed in regulations. More than 85% of the world’s faecal wastes is from domestic animals such as poultry, cattle, sheep and pigs. These animals harbor zoonotic pathogens that are transported in the environment by water, especially runoff. However little information exists on health effects associated with exposure to this potential hazard to human health; and water standards focused on control of human fecal contamination do reflect the contribution of non-human fecal contamination to risk. Does compliance with current monitoring practices using microbial indicators provide protection against animal and bird sources of fecal contamination? Prepared with contributions from a group of international experts, Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health considers microbial contamination from domestic animal and bird sources and explores the health hazards associated with this microbial contamination and approaches to protecting public health. Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health will be of interest to regulators with responsibility for recreational waters, drinking water quality and water reuse; policymakers working in water quality, public health and agriculture; decision makers responsible for livestock management; and scientists and practitioners concerned with many affected subjects. Topics covered include: Credible waterborne zoonotic pathogens are discussed and ranked according to their potential hazard level. Each pathogen is described with regard to their sources, reservoirs, and infectivity. Faecal production rates of various domestic animals are discussed, alongside pathogen transmission in animal populations, pathogen prevalence in animals and “supershedders”. Transport of fecal indicator organisms and their episodic occurrence in catchments. Interventions for improving food safety and reducing production losses. The impact of interventions, e.g. enhanced attenuation and storage to prevent spills; benchmarking against best management practices to reduce diffuse source contamination. Models to inform design of farm-scale best management practices and the effectiveness of best management practices for attenuating pathogen transport within catchments. The complex nature of human exposure to zoonotic waterborne pathogens; including the relationships among livestock waste contamination, water impairment, zoonotic pathogens, and human infection and illness. Human exposure interventions include case studies that discuss eradicating disease in discharging populations, adding filtration to minimal treated water to reduce Cryptosporidium occurrence and UV disinfection of beach waters to reduce beach postings. Indicators, sanitary surveys and source attribution techniques; risk assessment of exposure to zoonotic pathogens, including an interactive risk comparison approach. A review of epidemiological studies that address the relationship between swimmer illness and exposure to waters contaminated by nonhuman fecal wastes. Economic evaluation of the costs and benefits associated with animal waste management and human health.

Antiviral Drug Resistance

Author : Douglas D. Richman
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780471961208
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Antiviral Drug Resistance by : Douglas D. Richman

Download or read book Antiviral Drug Resistance written by Douglas D. Richman and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1996-12-02 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of antiviral drug resistance has provided important insights into the structure of virus enzymes, the functions of certain genes, mechanisms of action of antiviral drugs, the design of new antiviral compounds and the pathogenesis of viral diseases. The emergence of resistant strains must be explored at all stages of drug development: during the preclinical evaluation of candidate compounds; during the early clinical evaluation of new drugs; and as part of epidemiological surveillance for the prevalence of resistance during use of approved treatments. Accumulating understanding of antiviral drug resistance thus reflects progress in the chemotherapy of viral infection. Antiviral Drug Resistance provides state-of-the-art coverage of the basic and clinical aspects of this subject. It deals with the basic science, including the mechanisms of drug resistance and drug action, genetics of drug resistance, cross resistance, and X-ray crystallographic structural aspects of resistance, as well as the clinical aspects, including issues of assay of susceptibility of clinical isolates, descriptive aspects of emergence of reduced susceptibility, and clinical significance and impact of resistance. As such this unique volume will be essential to basic researchers in drug discovery and viral pathogenesis, as well as clinicians involved in antiviral chemotherapy.

The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241503181
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance by : World Health Organization

Download or read book The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotic resistance development is a natural process of adaption leading to a limited lifespan of antibiotics. Unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics favours the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. A crisis has been building up over decades, so that today common and life-threatening infections are becoming difficult or even impossible to treat. It is time to take much stronger action worldwide to avert an ever increasing health and economic burden. A new WHO publication "The evolving threat of antimicrobial resistance--Options for action" describes examples of policy activities that have addressed AMR in different parts of the world. The aim is to raise awareness and to stimulate further coordinated efforts.