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Presidentialism Parliamentarism And Democracy
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Book Synopsis Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy by : Jose Antonio Cheibub
Download or read book Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy written by Jose Antonio Cheibub and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book questions the reasons why presidential democracies more likely to break down than parliamentary ones.
Book Synopsis Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy by : Jose Antonio Cheibub
Download or read book Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy written by Jose Antonio Cheibub and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-20 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the following question: why are presidential democracies more likely to break down than parliamentary ones? Conventional wisdom among political scientists pointS to the incentives generated by the form of government itself; the independence of the executive and legislature that defines presidentialism generates incentives that are not conducive to the consolidation of democracy. On the basis of a data set that covers all democracies between 1946 and 2002, this book demonstrates that this is not the case: the incentives generated by presidentialism are as conducive to the consolidation of democracy as the ones generated by parliamentarism. The book argues that what kills presidentialism is the fact that it exists in countries where democracies of any type are not likely to survive. This book will be of interest to academic researchers, graduates and advanced undergraduates enrolled in courses on comparative politics and political economy.
Book Synopsis Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism by : Steffen Ganghof
Download or read book Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism written by Steffen Ganghof and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-16 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. In a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not. Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism defends this thesis and explores 'semi-parliamentary government' as an alternative to presidential government. Semi-parliamentarism avoids power concentration in one person by shifting the separation of powers into the democratic assembly. The executive becomes fused with only one part of the assembly, even though the other part has at least equal democratic legitimacy and robust veto power on ordinary legislation. The book identifies the Australian Commonwealth and Japan as well as the Australian states of New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, and Western Australia as semi-parliamentary systems. Using data from 23 countries and six Australian states, it maps how parliamentary and semi-parliamentary systems balance competing visions of democracy; it analyzes patterns of electoral and party systems, cabinet formation, legislative coalition-building, and constitutional reforms; systematically compares the semi-parliamentary and presidential separation of powers; and develops new and innovative semi-parliamentary designs, some of which do not require two separate chambers.
Book Synopsis Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy by : José Antônio Cheibub
Download or read book Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy written by José Antônio Cheibub and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Driving Democracy written by Pippa Norris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proposals for power-sharing constitutions remain controversial, as highlighted by current debates in Iraq, Afghanistan, Nepal, and Sudan. This book updates and refines the theory of consociationalism, taking account of the flood of contemporary innovations in power-sharing institutions that have occurred worldwide. The book classifies and compares four types of political institutions: the electoral system, parliamentary or presidential executives, unitary or federal states, and the structure and independence of the mass media. The study tests the potential advantages and disadvantages of each of these institutions for democratic governance. Cross-national time-series data concerning trends in democracy are analyzed for all countries worldwide since the early 1970s. Chapters are enriched by comparing detailed case studies. The mixed-method research design illuminates the underlying causal mechanisms by examining historical developments and processes of institutional change within particular nations and regions. The conclusion draws together the results and the practical lessons for policymakers.
Book Synopsis Parliamentarism, From Burke to Weber by : William Selinger
Download or read book Parliamentarism, From Burke to Weber written by William Selinger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-18 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revisionist interpretation of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century political ideas, including novel readings of canonical authors such as Burke and Mill.
Book Synopsis Presidents and Assemblies by : Matthew Soberg Shugart
Download or read book Presidents and Assemblies written by Matthew Soberg Shugart and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-08-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of various forms of presidential systems, draws on recent developments in the theoretical literature about institutional design and electoral rules.
Book Synopsis Parliament and Democracy in the Twenty-first Century by : David Beetham
Download or read book Parliament and Democracy in the Twenty-first Century written by David Beetham and published by Inter-Parliamentary Union. This book was released on 2006 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Semi-Presidentialism by : Robert Elgie
Download or read book Semi-Presidentialism written by Robert Elgie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the relationship between semi-presidentialism and democratic performance. Semi-presidentialism - where a constitution provides for both a directly elected president and a prime minister and cabinet responsible to the legislature - has become the regime type of choice for new democracies. There are now over 50 countries in the world with a semi-presidential constitution and the vast majority of these countries have chosen this form of government since the early 1990s. This book operationalises Shugart and Carey's distinction between president-parliamentarism - where the prime minister is responsible to both the legislature and to the directly elected president - and premier-presidentialism - where the prime minister is responsible to the legislature alone. The book shows that, all else equal, the president-parliamentary sub-type is more likely to be associated with a poorer democratic performance than its premier-presidential counterpart. The evidence is based on a mixed-method approach, including large-n comparative statistical studies of all semi-presidential democracies since 1919, as well as in-depth case studies. Comparative Politics is a series for students, teachers, and researchers of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.essex.ac.uk/ecpr
Book Synopsis The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy by : Carl Schmitt
Download or read book The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy written by Carl Schmitt and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1988-06-22 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy offers a powerful criticism of the inconsistencies of representative democracy. Described both as "the Hobbes of our age" and as "the philosophical godfather of Nazism," Carl Schmitt was a brilliant and controversial political theorist whose doctrine of political leadership and critique of liberal democratic ideals distinguish him as one of the most original contributors to modern political theory. The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy offers a powerful criticism of the inconsistencies of representative democracy. First published in 1923, it has often been viewed as an attempt to destroy parliamentarism; in fact, it was Schmitt's attempt to defend the Weimar constitution. The introduction to this new translation places the book in proper historical context and provides a useful guide to several aspects of Weimar political culture. The Crisis of Parliamentary Democracy is included in the series Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought, edited by Thomas McCarthy.
Book Synopsis Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America by : Scott Mainwaring
Download or read book Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America written by Scott Mainwaring and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-05-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the current debate regarding the liabilities and merits of presidential government, this work asks: does presidentialism make it less likely that democratic governments will be able to manage political conflict, as many prominent scholars have argued? With the unprecedented wave of transitions to democracy since the 1970s, this question has been hotly contested in political and intellectual circles all over the globe. The contributors to this volume examine variations among different presidential systems and sceptically view claims that presidentialism has added significantly to the problems of democratic governance and stability. The contributors argue that presidential systems vary in important ways, mostly according to the constitutional powers accorded to the president to affect legislation and the degree to which presidents parties control legislative majorities.
Book Synopsis Borrowing Constitutional Designs by : Cindy Skach
Download or read book Borrowing Constitutional Designs written by Cindy Skach and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the collapse of communism, some thirty countries scrambled to craft democratic constitutions. Surprisingly, the constitutional model they most often chose was neither the pure parliamentary model found in most of Western Europe at the time, nor the presidential model of the Americas. Rather, it was semi-presidentialism--a rare model known more generally as the "French type." This constitutional model melded elements of pure presidentialism with those of pure parliamentarism. Specifically, semi-presidentialism combined a popularly elected head of state with a head of government responsible to a legislature. Borrowing Constitutional Designs questions the hasty adoption of semi-presidentialism by new democracies. Drawing on rich case studies of two of the most important countries for European politics in the twentieth century--Weimar Germany and the French Fifth Republic--Cindy Skach offers the first theoretically focused, and historically grounded, analysis of semi-presidentialism and democracy. She demonstrates that constitutional choice matters, because under certain conditions, semi-presidentialism structures incentives that make democratic consolidation difficult or that actually contribute to democratic collapse. She offers a new theory of constitutional design, integrating insights from law and the social sciences. In doing so, Skach challenges both democratic theory and democratic practice. This book will be welcomed not only by scholars and practitioners of constitutional law but also by those in fields such as comparative politics, European politics and history, and international and public affairs.
Book Synopsis Parliamentary Versus Presidential Government by : Arend Lijphart
Download or read book Parliamentary Versus Presidential Government written by Arend Lijphart and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parliamentary and presidential governments--exemplified by most European countries for the former and the United States and Latin America for the latter--are the two principal forms of democracy in the modern world. Their respective advantages and disadvantages have been long debated, at first mainly by British and American political observers but with increasing frequency in other parts of the world, not only in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, but in Latin America and Asia as well. The recent world-wide wave of democratization has intensified both the debate and its significance. This volume brings together the most important statement on the subject by advocates and analysts--from Montesquieu and Madison to Lipset and Linz. It also treats the merits of less frequently used democratic types, such as French-style semi-presidentialism, that may be regarded as intermediate forms between parliamentarism and presidentialism.
Book Synopsis The Madisonian Turn by : Torbjörn Bergman
Download or read book The Madisonian Turn written by Torbjörn Bergman and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parliamentary democracy is the most common regime type in the contemporary political world, but the quality of governance depends on effective parliamentary oversight and strong political parties. Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden have traditionally been strongholds of parliamentary democracy. In recent years, however, critics have suggested that new challenges such as weakened popular attachment, the advent of cartel parties, the judicialization of politics, and European integration have threatened the institutions of parliamentary democracy in the Nordic region. This volume examines these claims and their implications. The authors find that the Nordic states have moved away from their previous resemblance to a Westminster model toward a form of parliamentary democracy with more separation-of-powers features—a Madisonian model. These features are evident both in vertical power relations (e.g., relations with the European Union) and horizontal ones (e.g., increasingly independent courts and central banks). Yet these developments are far from uniform and demonstrate that there may be different responses to the political challenges faced by contemporary Western democracies.
Book Synopsis Presidential Decrees in Russia by : Thomas F. Remington
Download or read book Presidential Decrees in Russia written by Thomas F. Remington and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the way Russian presidents Yeltsin, Medvedev, and Putin have used their constitutional decree powers since the end of the Soviet regime. The Russian constitution gives the Russian president extremely broad decree-making power, but its exercise is constrained by both formal and informal considerations. The book compares the Russian president's powers to those of other presidents, including the executive powers of the United States president and those of Latin American presidents. The book traces the historical development of decree power in Russia from the first constitution in 1905 through the Soviet period and up to the present day, showing strong continuities over time. It concludes that Russia's president operates in a strategic environment, where he must anticipate the way other actors, such as the bureaucracy and the parliament, will respond to his use of decree power.
Book Synopsis Controlling Governments by : José María Maravall
Download or read book Controlling Governments written by José María Maravall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much influence do citizens have to control the government? What guides voters at election time? Why do governments survive? How do institutions modify the power of the people over politicians? The book combines academic analytical rigor with comparative analysis to identify how much information voters must have to select a politician for office, or for holding a government accountable; whether parties in power can help voters to control their governments; how different institutional arrangements influence voters' control; why politicians choose particular electoral systems; and what economic and social conditions may undermine not only governments, but democracy. Arguments are backed by vast macro and micro empirical evidence. There are cross-country comparisons and survey analyses of many countries. In every case there has been an attempt to integrate analytical arguments and empirical research. The goal is to shed new light on perplexing questions of positive democratic theory.
Book Synopsis Introducing Democracy by : David Beetham
Download or read book Introducing Democracy written by David Beetham and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a selection of questions and answers covering the principles of democracy, including human rights, free and fair elections, open and accountable government, and civil society.
