Practitioner's Guide to Emotion Regulation in School-Aged Children

Download Practitioner's Guide to Emotion Regulation in School-Aged Children PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387738517
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Practitioner's Guide to Emotion Regulation in School-Aged Children by : Gayle L. Macklem

Download or read book Practitioner's Guide to Emotion Regulation in School-Aged Children written by Gayle L. Macklem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion regulation skills should be mastered by early childhood, but many enter school with deficits that may not have been addressed effectively or early enough. This vital new text presents in-depth background and practical information on the subject so school professionals can craft interventions that are developmentally appropriate and timely. It also offers practical tools that can be taught to children and shared with parents and teachers.

Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents

Download Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1462510949
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents by : Michael A. Southam-Gerow

Download or read book Emotion Regulation in Children and Adolescents written by Michael A. Southam-Gerow and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion regulation difficulties are central to a range of clinical problems, yet many therapies for children and adolescents lack a focus on emotion and related skills. In a flexible modular format, this much-needed book presents cutting-edge strategies for helping children and adolescents understand and manage challenging emotional experiences. Each of the eight treatment modules can be used on its own or in conjunction with other therapies, and includes user-friendly case examples, sample dialogues, and engaging activities and games. Emotion-informed assessment and case conceptualization are also addressed. Reproducible handouts can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size.

Emotion Coaching with Children and Young People in Schools

Download Emotion Coaching with Children and Young People in Schools PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Jessica Kingsley Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1787757994
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (877 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Emotion Coaching with Children and Young People in Schools by : Louise Gilbert

Download or read book Emotion Coaching with Children and Young People in Schools written by Louise Gilbert and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion Coaching (EC) is a universal communication strategy which supports children and young people to self-regulate and manage their stress responses. Originally noticed as an effective way parents communicated with their children around challenging behaviours, Emotion Coaching has been shown to be highly successful in educational settings too. This is why the authors pioneered the research and application of Emotion Coaching into UK (primary and secondary) schools and community settings. The book includes straightforward descriptions and practical tips, with signposting to resources, case studies and vignettes to illustrate its practical application in educational settings. It supports adults to promote empathetic responses to challenging behaviours and situations, helping children and young people to understand their emotions and learn to manage them and their behavior in the longer-term.

Consultation and Mental Health Interventions in School Settings

Download Consultation and Mental Health Interventions in School Settings PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Hogrefe Publishing GmbH
ISBN 13 : 1616765836
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (167 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Consultation and Mental Health Interventions in School Settings by : Ester Cole

Download or read book Consultation and Mental Health Interventions in School Settings written by Ester Cole and published by Hogrefe Publishing GmbH. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimize the delivery of school psychology services with this book: Presents a unique consultation and intervention model Interlinks primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and intervention applications Addresses specific student and school-level needs Online resources and handouts More about the book This volume written by leading psychology practitioners and academics has been designed to meet the ever-growing challenges faced by educational systems to address the mental health, learning, and socialization needs of students. Using a unique and comprehensive consultation and intervention model, the chapters provide evidence-based guidance that interlinks primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention and intervention applications that allow for systematic consultation, planning, and cost-effective services. The clear and easy to apply model is used to look at specific student needs that are commonly encountered in schools (e.g., depression, ADHD, giftedness) and at issues that require school-level interventions (e.g., diversity, promoting resilience). Practitioners will appreciate the numerous downloadable practical resources and tools for hands-on applications that are available online to purchasers of the book. This book is an invaluable resource for school psychologists and mental health service providers, as well as for academics involved in training pre-service practitioners. The materials for this book can be downloaded from the Hogrefe website after registration.

Emotional Development and Families

Download Emotional Development and Families PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350312290
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Emotional Development and Families by : Julie Hakim-Larson

Download or read book Emotional Development and Families written by Julie Hakim-Larson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-30 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lively and engaging book conducts a thorough review of the current research literature in developmental psychology and socialisation, and then clearly links theory to practical applications in both clinical and everyday situations. Life's first important lessons on how to handle emotions often emerge early on within family relationships, forming the foundation for emotional development over the life-span. Couples, siblings, parents and extended family members all have profound influences on each other's emotional lives as well as on the lives of the children they are socialising. Students can expect to learn a wide range of relevant topics bringing together theory, practice and research in a comprehensive and lucid way. Covering the main topics of emotional development, this textbook reviews contemporary research and makes recommendations for how students might practically use the findings in their future studies or in practice. Filled with a wealth of resources and suggestions for further reading, this book is an ideal supplementary text, suitable for students taking undergraduate and postgraduate courses on developmental psychology, family psychology, and child clinical psychology. This book may also be helpful for those taking undergraduate and postgraduate courses on social work, counselling, education studies and family studies.

Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services

Download Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441979077
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services by : Gayle L. Macklem

Download or read book Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services written by Gayle L. Macklem and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-31 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges of providing mental health services to school children are numerous and diverse, ranging from staffing shortages to insufficient funding to family resistance to administrative indifference. Yet with the U.S. Surgeon General estimating that approximately 20% of young people display signs of psychological problems, the need for such services – particularly for interventions that not only address mental health issues but also reinforce protective factors – is considerable. Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services offers readers an innovative, best-practices approach to providing effective mental health services at school. The author draws on the widely used and effective three-tiered public health model to create a school-based system that addresses the emotional and behavioral needs of students most at risk for experiencing, or showing strong signs and symptoms of, emotional problems or disabilities. This prevention-oriented program adapts cognitive behavioral and other clinical therapies for use in primary through high school settings. In several concise, easy-to-read chapters, the author addresses such important topics as: The rationale for building a three-tier mental health system in schools. The importance of making emotion regulation training available to all students. Designing strategies for adding affect education and emotion regulation training at each tier. Providing empirical support for implementing CBT in school settings. Preparing young children to benefit from school-based CBT. Also included is an Appendix of specific group activities and exercises that can be put to use in the school setting. Evidence-Based School Mental Health Services is a must-have resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in school psychology, clinical child psychology, pediatrics, psychiatry, social work, school counseling, education as well as for those who develop or influence public policy. And it is essential reading for any professional who is responsible for and interested in children’s well-being and development.

Creating Safe and Supportive Schools and Fostering Students’ Mental Health

Download Creating Safe and Supportive Schools and Fostering Students’ Mental Health PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317816269
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Creating Safe and Supportive Schools and Fostering Students’ Mental Health by : Michael L. Sulkowski

Download or read book Creating Safe and Supportive Schools and Fostering Students’ Mental Health written by Michael L. Sulkowski and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating Safe and Supportive Schools and Fostering Students’ Mental Health provides pre- and in-service educators with the tools they need to prevent, pre-empt, handle, and recover from threats to students’ mental health. School safety and fostering a supportive learning environment have always been issues fundamental to educators. Over the last decade, teachers and administrators have been called on more than ever to cope with bullying, suicide, and violence in their schools. Handling every stage of this diverse set of obstacles can be unwieldy for teachers and administrators alike. Framed with interviews from experts on each of the topics, and including practical and applicable examples, this volume draws together the work of top-tier school psychologists into a text designed to work with existing school structures and curricula to make schools safer. A comprehensive and multi-faceted resource, this book integrates leading research with the well-respected Framework for Safe and Successful Schools to help educators support school safety, crisis management, and students' mental health. Featuring interviews with: Dewey G. Cornell, Frank DeAngelis, Beth Doll, Kevin Dwyer, Katie Eklund, Maurice J. Elias, Michele Gay, Ross W. Greene, Rob Horner, Jane Lazarus, Richard Lieberman, Troy Loker, Melissa A. Louvar-Reeves, Terry Molony, Shamika Patton, Donna Poland, Scott Poland, Eric Rossen, Susan M. Swearer, Ken Trump, and Frank Zenere.

Fostering the Emotional Well-Being of Our Youth

Download Fostering the Emotional Well-Being of Our Youth PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019091887X
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fostering the Emotional Well-Being of Our Youth by : Philip J. Lazarus

Download or read book Fostering the Emotional Well-Being of Our Youth written by Philip J. Lazarus and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Fostering the Emotional Well-Being of our Youth: A School- Based Approach is an edited work that details best practices in comprehensive school mental health services based upon a dual-factor model of mental health that considers both psychological wellness and mental illness. In the introduction the editors respond to the question: Are our students all right? Then, each of the text's 24 chapters (five sections) describes empirically sound and practical ways that professionals can foster supportive school climates and implement evidence-based universal interventions to promote well-being and prevent and reduce mental health problems in young people. Topics include: conceptualizing and framing youth mental health through a dual-factor model; building culturally responsive schools; implementing positive behavior interventions and supports; inculcating social-emotional learning within schools impacted by trauma; creating a multidisciplinary approach to foster a positive school culture and promote students' mental health; preventing school violence and advancing school safety; cultivating student engagement and connectedness; creating resilient classrooms and schools; strengthening preschool, childcare and parenting practices; building family-school partnerships; promoting physical activity, nutrition, and sleep; teaching emotional self-regulation; promoting students' positive emotions, character and purpose; building a foundation for trauma-informed schools; preventing bullying; supporting highly mobile students; enfranchising socially marginalized students; preventing school failure and school dropout; providing evidence-based supports in the aftermath of a crisis; raising the emotional well-being of students with anxiety and depression; implementing state-wide practices that promote student wellness and resilience; screening for academic, behavioral, and emotional health; and accessing targeted and intensive mental health services"--

Encyclopedia of Primary Education

Download Encyclopedia of Primary Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113524054X
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Primary Education by : Denis Hayes

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Primary Education written by Denis Hayes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique in its field, the Encyclopedia of Primary Education brings together a wide-ranging body of information relating to current educational practice in a single indispensable volume. This book provides a series of descriptions, definitions and explanations that engage with important practical and conceptual ideas in primary education and contains over 500 entries incorporating: Curriculum subjects, themes and topics Theories, policies and educational controversies Pedagogical terms relating to teaching and learning Commentaries on current issues in primary education Influential figures in education, both past and present The impact of educational research on policy and practice Based on the author’s extensive experience in primary education, entries combine an interrogation of educational concepts with the pedagogical and practical implications for classroom practice, children’s learning and school management. This handy reference work will be invaluable to anyone currently teaching or training to teach at primary level, teaching assistants, school governors and parents. In fact it is essential reading for anyone with an interest and passion for primary education.

The Zones of Regulation

Download The Zones of Regulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780982523162
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (231 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Zones of Regulation by : Leah M. Kuypers

Download or read book The Zones of Regulation written by Leah M. Kuypers and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "... a curriculum geared toward helping students gain skills in consciously regulating their actions, which in turn leads to increased control and problem solving abilities. Using a cognitive behavior approach, the curriculum's learning activities are designed to help students recognize when they are in different states called "zones," with each of four zones represented by a different color. In the activities, students also learn how to use strategies or tools to stay in a zone or move from one to another. Students explore calming techniques, cognitive strategies, and sensory supports so they will have a toolbox of methods to use to move between zones. To deepen students' understanding of how to self-regulate, the lessons set out to teach students these skills: how to read others' facial expressions and recognize a broader range of emotions, perspective about how others see and react to their behavior, insight into events that trigger their less regulated states, and when and how to use tools and problem solving skills. The curriculum's learning activities are presented in 18 lessons. To reinforce the concepts being taught, each lesson includes probing questions to discuss and instructions for one or more learning activities. Many lessons offer extension activities and ways to adapt the activity for individual student needs. The curriculum also includes worksheets, other handouts, and visuals to display and share. These can be photocopied from this book or printed from the accompanying CD."--Publisher's website.

Building Blocks for Social-Emotional Learning

Download Building Blocks for Social-Emotional Learning PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Solution Tree Press
ISBN 13 : 1952812488
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (528 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Building Blocks for Social-Emotional Learning by : Tracy A. Hulen

Download or read book Building Blocks for Social-Emotional Learning written by Tracy A. Hulen and published by Solution Tree Press. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Support the growth of your students with meaningful, effective social-emotional learning (SEL). Full of resources, tools, and planning templates, this comprehensive guide provides everything you need to embed SEL practices within your daily work. You'll engage in deep reflection and discover ways to refine instruction, lesson planning, and assessment; promote whole-child development; and foster a productive learning environment for all. Readers will: Gain a deeper understanding of students' neurological development. Learn the benefits of social-emotional learning. Create a culture of social-emotional learning across entire schools. Plan and teach for social-emotional learning. Assess students on their social-emotional progress in order to encourage continual growth. Contents: Introduction: Why Teach Social-Emotional Learning to All? Chapter 1: What Is Social-Emotional Learning? Chapter 2: Establishing Culture, Climate, and the Learning Environment for SEL in Elementary Schools Chapter 3: Building a Schoolwide Foundation for SEL in Elementary School Chapter 4: Effective SEL Teaching Practices and Strategies in Elementary Schools Chapter 5: Effective SEL Lesson Planning Chapter 6: Monitoring Student Learning of SEL Appendix References and Resources Index

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Download Autism Spectrum Disorders PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533075589
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Tim Williams

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Tim Williams and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism spectrum disorders are a major topic for research. The causes are now thought to be largely genetic although the genes involved are only slowly being traced. The effects of ASD are often devastating and families and schools have to adapt to provide the best for people with ASD to attain their potential. This book describes some of the interventions and modifications that can benefit people with ASD.

Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Download Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118840186
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology by : Linda Wilmshurst

Download or read book Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology written by Linda Wilmshurst and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise guide to the fundamentals of child psychopathology, complete with the latest developments Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Second Edition provides a concise, accessible overview of the major theories, assessment practices, and key issues. This updated Second Edition describes the significant changes in the way DSM -5 conceptualizes disorders in children and adolescents, and includes a new chapter on child abuse, child maltreatment, and self-injurious behavior. Using practical case examples to illustrate key points, the book addresses specific disorders and problems prevalent among this age group—including anxiety, mood disorders, and traumatic stress. Each chapter features reader-friendly elements like Rapid Reference, Caution, and Don't Forget boxes that call out important information, facilitating easy look-up and quick navigation. This invaluable resource fills the need for an overview of the most current issues and changes in the field, allowing readers to: Review the development, theories, and influences in child and adolescent psychopathology Understand neurodevelopmental disorders including intellectual and developmental disabilities, ADHD, and specific learning disabilities or disorders Compare and contrast the manifestations of internalized vs. externalized disorders Examine later-onset disorders and special topics including eating disorders, substance abuse, and trauma-related disorders The book also includes appendices on ethical conduct, assessment instruments, and IDEA 2004, providing readers the guidance and tools that can help increase positive outcomes. Whether used as a secondary text or as a professional reference, Essentials of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Second Edition provides an authoritative briefing on this evolving area of practice.

Child Development and Education

Download Child Development and Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pearson Higher Education AU
ISBN 13 : 1442564113
Total Pages : 713 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (425 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Child Development and Education by : Teresa M. McDevitt

Download or read book Child Development and Education written by Teresa M. McDevitt and published by Pearson Higher Education AU. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child Development and Education is a comprehensive child development text written especially for educators. It helps students to translate developmental theories into practical implications for teaching and caring for youngsters with diverse backgrounds, characteristics and needs. The text draws from innumerable theoretical concepts, research studies conducted around the world and the authors’ own experiences as parents, teachers, psychologists and researchers to identify strategies for promoting young people’s physical, cognitive and social–emotional growth. In this Australian edition, contemporary Australian and New Zealand research has been highlighted, and local educational structures, philosophies and controversies have been reflected.

Dual-Process Theories of the Social Mind

Download Dual-Process Theories of the Social Mind PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462514448
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dual-Process Theories of the Social Mind by : Jeffrey W. Sherman

Download or read book Dual-Process Theories of the Social Mind written by Jeffrey W. Sherman and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2014-05-09 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an authoritative synthesis of a dynamic, influential area of psychological research. Leading investigators address all aspects of dual-process theories: their core assumptions, conceptual foundations, and applications to a wide range of social phenomena. In 38 chapters, the volume addresses the pivotal role of automatic and controlled processes in attitudes and evaluation; social perception; thinking and reasoning; self-regulation; and the interplay of affect, cognition, and motivation. Current empirical and methodological developments are described. Critiques of the duality approach are explored and important questions for future research identified.

Brief SEL Interventions at School

Download Brief SEL Interventions at School PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030656950
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Brief SEL Interventions at School by : Gayle L. Macklem

Download or read book Brief SEL Interventions at School written by Gayle L. Macklem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-25 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the social-emotional learning (SEL) movement in the United States and the current situation in schools that both supports and impedes the infusion of programs and strategies that actually work for children and adolescents. The volume describes overarching issues to include what the term evidence-based should mean as well as the confusing and sometimes ill-advised proliferation of programs that become components of the many barriers to the success of the SEL movement. The book examines why it may be necessary to take a step back when considering nonacademic interventions in schools. This book explores the need to – and the process of – vetting interventions before trying to implement them in the classroom. In addition, the volume examines the various frameworks and standards involving SEL to shape a thoughtful approach that makes a difference in each student’s academic success. It offers a scientific approach to selecting brief, easy to implement SEL strategies for school psychologists, teachers, and related mental health and educational professionals. The book describes each strategy in detail and addresses how to use these strategies, when to use them, and for whom they are likely to work. The volume concludes recommended implementation and dissemination strategies. This book is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/practitioners, and graduate students in child and school psychology, educational psychology, social work as well as all interrelated sub disciplines.

Developing Advanced Primary Teaching Skills

Download Developing Advanced Primary Teaching Skills PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136343903
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (363 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Developing Advanced Primary Teaching Skills by : Denis Hayes

Download or read book Developing Advanced Primary Teaching Skills written by Denis Hayes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you believe that continuous improvement in teaching is essential? Do you wish to enhance your understanding of how children learn? Are you eager to become a well-informed professional? From the author of the hugely respected Foundations of Primary Teaching, this advanced textbook explores the essential elements of teaching and learning and the process of becoming a caring and competent teacher. It introduces a wide range of education issues, challenges and requirements with the intention of promoting advanced classroom practice, both for individuals and within teams. The book offers insights, ideas, hints and thought-provoking education topics for individual reflection and team discussion. With a focus on understanding the teaching and learning processes and the factors that impact upon providing a high quality education for every pupil, this book discusses in detail key learning skills, dilemmas and challenges for primary teachers and themes in continuing professional development. It covers issues in teaching and learning including: The nature/nurture debate Motivation Emotional and moral development Raising boys’ achievement levels Gender and teachers Accelerated learning Reflective practice. Including action points, hints and challenges, this book will be of interest to trainee teachers, postgraduates, experienced qualified teachers, deputy head teachers and head teachers who wish to be more consistently effective and make a positive impact on the lives of children in their primary classroom.