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Post War Statebuilding And Constitutional Reform
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Book Synopsis Post-War Statebuilding and Constitutional Reform by : Sofía Sebastián-Aparicio
Download or read book Post-War Statebuilding and Constitutional Reform written by Sofía Sebastián-Aparicio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sebastián explores the experience of statebuilding and constitution making after violent conflict, using the failed reform of Dayton in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a case study to reflect upon the fundamental questions of post-war statebuilding, reform and the role of local and external actors.
Book Synopsis Framing the State in Times of Transition by : Laurel E. Miller
Download or read book Framing the State in Times of Transition written by Laurel E. Miller and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzing nineteen cases, this title offers practical perspective on the implications of constitution-making procedure, and explores emerging international legal norms.
Book Synopsis The Dilemmas of Statebuilding by : Roland Paris
Download or read book The Dilemmas of Statebuilding written by Roland Paris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the contradictions that emerge in international statebuilding efforts in war-torn societies. Since the end of the Cold War, more than 20 major peace operations have been deployed to countries emerging from internal conflicts. This book argues that international efforts to construct effective, legitimate governmental structures in these countries are necessary but fraught with contradictions and vexing dilemmas.. Drawing on the latest scholarly research on postwar peace operations, the volume: addresses cutting-edge issues of statebuilding including coordination, local ownership, security, elections, constitution making, and delivery of development aid features contributions by leading and up-and-coming scholars provides empirical case studies including Afghanistan, Cambodia, Croatia, Kosovo, Liberia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, and others presents policy-relevant findings of use to students and policymakers alike The Dilemmas of Statebuilding will be vital reading for students and scholars of international relations and political science. Bringing new insights to security studies, international development, and peace and conflict research, it will also interest a range of policy makers.
Book Synopsis Research Handbook on Post-Conflict State Building by : Paul R. Williams
Download or read book Research Handbook on Post-Conflict State Building written by Paul R. Williams and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a conflict ends and the parties begin working towards a durable peace, practitioners and peacebuilders are faced with the thrilling possibilities and challenges of building new or reformed political, security, judicial, social, and economic structures. This Handbook analyzes these elements of post-conflict state building through the lens of international law, which provides a framework through which the authors contextualize and examine the many facets of state building in relation to the legal norms, processes, and procedures that guide such efforts across the globe. The volume aims to provide not only an introduction to and explanation of prominent topics in state building, but also a perceptive analysis that augments ongoing conversations among researchers, lawyers, and advocates engaged in the field.
Book Synopsis Institutional Reforms and Peacebuilding by : Nadine Ansorg
Download or read book Institutional Reforms and Peacebuilding written by Nadine Ansorg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the question how institutional reform can contribute to peacebuilding in post-war and divided societies. In the context of armed conflict and widespread violence, two important questions shape political agendas inside and outside the affected societies: How can we stop the violence? And how can we prevent its recurrence? Comprehensive negotiated war terminations and peace accords recommend a set of mechanisms to bring an end to war and establish peace, including institutional reforms that promote democratization and state building. Although the role of institutions is widely recognized, their specific effects are highly contested in research as well as in practice. This book highlights the necessity to include path-dependency, pre-conflict institutions and societal divisions to understand the patterns of institutional change in post-war societies and the ongoing risk of civil war recurrence. It focuses on the general question of how institutional reform contributes to the establishment of peace in post-war societies. This book comprises three separate but interrelated parts on the relation between institutions and societal divisions, on institutional reform and on security sector reform. The chapters contribute to the understanding of the relationship between societal cleavages, pre-conflict institutions, path dependency, and institutional reform. This book will be of much interest to students of peacebuilding, conflict resolution, development studies, security studies and IR.
Book Synopsis State-building Interventions in Post-conflict Liberia by : Susanne Mulbah
Download or read book State-building Interventions in Post-conflict Liberia written by Susanne Mulbah and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis is theoretically grounded on the empirical definition of a state in terms of Mitchell ( 1991) and the underlying social rules of the Liberian governance systems. The thesis argues that securitisation, debt servicing and revenue collection from extractive industries, were prioritized to create an enabling environment to advance concessionary economic policy. While state-building is apparently technocratic, it is, in fact, inherently political. The identification of domestic actors suggests that access to state institutions, information and thus to decision making was unevenly distributed with preference being given to those proclaimed to be reformist partners in neoliberal state-building. This set of elites has appropriated state-building projects to shape institutional arrangements to its own advantage. Historically, Liberia has been characterized as a 'quasi-apartheid' state with a perpetual lack of social development. Through concession agreements the state outsources public service provision to concessionaires. The Liberian state has never extended its institutions, public service provision and rule of law to its entire territory, yet maintains a monopoly over the country's natural resources. After a decade of international state-building, the constitutional reform process revealed that Liberians value economic rights over political rights. The thesis concludes that low confidence in the state's authority, including in its right to resources, perpetuates the fragile security situation.
Book Synopsis State Formation After Civil War by : Derek M Powell
Download or read book State Formation After Civil War written by Derek M Powell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State formation after civil war offers a new model for studying the formation of the state in a national peace transition as an integrated national phenomenon. Current models of peacebuilding and state building limit that possibility, reproducing a fragmented, selective view of this complex reality. Placing too much emphasis on state building as design they place too little on understanding state formation as unplanned historical process. The dominant focus on national institutions also ignores the role that cities and civic polities have played in constituting the modern state. Mining ideas from many disciplines and evidence from 19 peace processes, including South Africa, the book argues that the starting point for building a systematic theory is to explain a distinct pattern to state formation that can be observed in practice: Despite their conflicts people in fragile societies bargain terms for peaceful coexistence, they make attempts to constitute the right to rule as valid state authority, in circumstances prone to conflict, over which they have imperfect influence, not control. Though the kind of institutions created will differ with context, how rules for state authority are institutionalized follows a consistent basic pattern. That pattern defines state formation in peace transitions as both a unified, if contingent, field of normative practice and an object of comparative study. Where the national-centric models see local government as a matter belonging to policy on decentralization for later in the reconstruction phase, the book uncovers a distinct "local government dimension" to peace transitions: A civic dimension to national conflicts that must be explained; incipient or proto-local authorities that emerge even during civil war, in peace making, after state collapse; the fact that it is common for peace agreements and constitutions to include rules for local authority, for local elections to be held as part of broader democratization, and for laws to be enacted to establish local government as part of peace compacts. The book develops the concept of local peace transition to explain the distinctive constitutive role of this local dimension in peace-making and state formation. This path-breaking book will be of compelling interest to practitioners, scholars and students of comparative constitutional studies, international law, peace building and state building.
Book Synopsis State-Building and Democratization in Bosnia and Herzegovina by : Soeren Keil
Download or read book State-Building and Democratization in Bosnia and Herzegovina written by Soeren Keil and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State Building and Democratization in Bosnia and Herzegovina details the post-Dayton evolution of the country over the last two decades. Carefully evaluating the successes and failures the book explores the slow progress of the democratization process and how key elites initially took hold of the state and its institutions and have successfully retained their grip on power, despite heavy international presence and reform attempts to counter-balance this trend. Bosnia and Herzegovina offers a useful lens through which to view international state-building and democratization efforts. International engagement here incorporated significant civilian and military investment and has been ongoing for many years. In each chapter international scholars and field-based practitioners examine the link between post-war events and a structure that effectively embeds ethno-national politics and tensions into the fabric of the country. These contributors offer lessons to be learned, and practices to be avoided whilst considering whether, as state-building and democratization efforts have struggled in this relatively advanced European country, they can succeed in other fragile states.
Book Synopsis Pac Europa ? by : Dominik Charles Miller
Download or read book Pac Europa ? written by Dominik Charles Miller and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1990s the international community has increasingly embarked on state building projects in war-torn countries. This was a direct response to the rising number of deep-rooted conflicts that emerged as the dominant form of warfare following the end of the Cold War. These conflicts were usually intra-state as opposed to inter-state, often between ethnic groups, and characterised by a high level of civilian casualties. The intractable nature of these conflicts led the international community to move from peace-keeping to peace building, concentrating on state building in an attempt to bring stability. In the process the international community has become increasingly willing to intervene in the affairs of sovereign states, while the international administrations created have been notable for their extensive powers. One of the first examples of this ʻnew trusteeshipʼ was in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), where an ad hoc international administration was created in the wake of the Dayton Peace Agreement of 1995. This agreement set a precedent by allocating extensive civilian, as well as military, powers to the international community in BiH. However, the BiH administration was an unusual hybrid of supervision by the international community, and direct governance. In its early stages the administration was hampered by a lack of co-ordination and operational overlap between international agencies, while attempts at democratisation did not prevent the political system from being dominated by nationalist parties. The complex, highly devolved and partitionist state structure created by the Dayton Peace Agreement has undermined the central state institutions. Given the reluctance, or inability, of the various BiH governments to proceed with reforms in line with the democratisation process, the international community has awarded sweeping powers to its High Representative in BiH, and sought to strengthen state institutions. This thesis attempts to create a model of the ʻnew trusteeshipʼ by which to assess the international administration in BiH. It examines four key aspects of the state building process in BiH: security, state building, democracy and justice, and the economy. It finds that peace has been maintained, but that the post-war environment and the fragmented state structures have allowed organised crime and political corruption to flourish. The High Representative has made progress in strengthening the state, refugee returns have increased significantly, and recent Constitutional reforms should encourage a return to a multi-cultural society. However, the democratic system has been stymied by the success of nationalist parties, while electoral mechanisms imposed by the international community have not encouraged the growth of cross-ethnic parties. The High Representativeʼs extensive powers risk undermining the democratisation process, making BiH permanently dependent on the international community. The economy is dependent on international aid, while the privatisation process has been hijacked by vested interests. However, the High Representative has made considerable progress in liberalising the economy. This thesis concludes that there is a paradox between the international communityʼs attempts to impose reforms through the state building process, and the need to foster a democratic culture in BiH, which is a virtual protectorate of the international community. It also notes that while the international community is reluctant to condone long-term intervention in any sovereign state, withdrawing the international administration from BiH under current circumstances could destabilise the country and the region in general. Hence the state building enterprise cannot, yet, be considered a success. Given BiHʼs aspiration to join the European Union, this thesis suggests that one way of resolving the paradox between state building and democratisation in BiH would be for the EU to take ever-greater responsibility in the BiH international administration with the aim of fostering stability and eventual membership of the Union.
Book Synopsis State-building and Constitutional Design After Conflict by : Kirsti Samuels
Download or read book State-building and Constitutional Design After Conflict written by Kirsti Samuels and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper is the culmination of a research project focusing on the design of constitutions after conflict undertaken as part of the International Peace Academy's State-building Program, which examines the legitimacy and the effectiveness of international attempts to institutionalize states after conflict...The paper is based on a series of case studies presented at an expert meeting held in 2005, entitled 'Governance and Power After Conflict: the Consequences of Governance Choices in Post-Conflict Constitution'."--P. [2] of cover.
Book Synopsis Spoils of Truce by : Reinoud Leenders
Download or read book Spoils of Truce written by Reinoud Leenders and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Spoils of Truce, Reinoud Leenders documents the extensive corruption that accompanied the reconstruction of Lebanon after the end of a decade and a half of civil war. With the signing of the Ta’if peace accord in 1989, the rebuilding of the country’s shattered physical infrastructure and the establishment of a functioning state apparatus became critical demands. Despite the urgent needs of its citizens, however, graft was rampant. Leenders describes the extent and nature of this corruption in key sectors of the Lebanese economy and government, including transportation, health care, energy, natural resources, construction, and social assistance programs. Exploring in detail how corruption implicated senior policymakers and high-ranking public servants, Leenders offers a clear-eyed perspective on state institutions in the developing world. He also addresses the overriding role of the Syrian leadership’s interests in Lebanon and in particular its manipulation of the country’s internal differences. His qualitative and disaggregated approach to dissecting the politics of creating and reshaping state institutions complements the more typical quantitative methods used in the study of corruption. More broadly, Spoils of Truce will be uncomfortable reading for those who insist that power-sharing strategies in conflict management and resolution provide some sort of panacea for divided societies hoping to recover from armed conflict.
Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Constitution Building by : Winluck Wahiu
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Constitution Building written by Winluck Wahiu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A Practical Guide to Constitution Building provides an essential foundation for understanding constitutions and constitution building. Full of world examples of ground-breaking agreements and innovative provisions adopted during processes of constitutional change, the Guide offers a wide range of examples of how constitutions develop and how their development can establish and entrench democratic values. Beyond comparative examples, the Guide contains in-depth analysis of key components of constitutions and the forces of change that shape them. The Guide analyzes the adoption of the substantive elements of a new constitution by looking at forces for the aggregation or dissemination of governmental power, and forces for greater legalization or politicization of governmental power, and examining how these forces influence the content of the constitution. It urges practitioners to look carefully at the forces at play within their individual contexts in order to better understand constitutional dynamics and play a role in shaping a constitution that will put into place a functioning democratic government and foster lasting peace."--
Book Synopsis Beyond International Trusteeship by : Stefano Recchia
Download or read book Beyond International Trusteeship written by Stefano Recchia and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dayton Peace Agreement on Bosnia successfully ended the war in late 1995. However, the price for peace was an extremely weak and dysfunctional postwar state that would probably not have survived without substantial international support over the following decade. This paper argues that things have begun to visibly change on the ground in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) only with the emergence of the EU as the main international peacebuilding actor in more recent years, and notably since 2003. The EU's increased peacebuilding role in BiH, carried out within the framework of the European Security Strategy, has allowed for critical progress towards making Bosnia's common state institutions increasingly self-sustaining. There is no doubt that the potential does now exist to turn postwar Bosnia into a sustainable multi-ethnic democracy. The central hypothesis developed in this paper is that since 2003 EU conditionality has increasingly become a viable alternative to international trusteeship in BiH. This is because conditionality has begun to be assertively communicated by the 'double-hatted' High Representative/European Union Special Representative (HR/EUSR) on the ground and is now clearly linked to the perspective of EU membership. There is evidence that difficult political, administrative and economic reforms have been recently adopted by BiH authorities in compliance with EU conditionality, crucially without straightforward international imposition. But this paper also argues that EU peacebuilders need to further improve their strategic effectiveness and political coordination on the ground, to support continuing reform in BiH once the Office of the High Representative (OHR) is closed down, possibly by late 2007.
Book Synopsis Political Economy of Statebuilding by : Mats Berdal
Download or read book Political Economy of Statebuilding written by Mats Berdal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines and evaluates the impact of international statebuilding interventions on the political economy of conflict-affected countries over the past 20 years. It focuses on countries that are emerging, or have recently emerged, from periods of war and protracted conflict. The interventions covered fall into three broad categories: international administrations and transformative occupations (East Timor, Iraq, and Kosovo); complex peace operations (Afghanistan, Burundi, Haiti, and Sudan); governance and statebuilding programmes conducted in the context of economic assistance (Georgia and Macedonia). This book will be of interest to students of statebuilding, humanitarian intervention, post-conflict reconstruction, political economy, international organisations and IR/Security Studies in general.
Book Synopsis Constitution-making in Asia by : H. Kumarasingham
Download or read book Constitution-making in Asia written by H. Kumarasingham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-31 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Britain’s main imperial possessions in Asia were granted independence in the 1940s and 1950s and needed to craft constitutions for their new states. Invariably the indigenous elites drew upon British constitutional ideas and institutions regardless of the political conditions that prevailed in their very different lands. Many Asian nations called upon the services of Englishman and Law Professor Sir Ivor Jennings to advise or assist their own constitution making. Although he was one of the twentieth century’s most prominent constitutional scholars, his opinion and influence were often controversial and remain so due to his advocating British norms in Asian form. This book examines the process of constitutional formation in the era of decolonisation and state building in Asia. It sheds light upon the influence and participation of Jennings in particular and British ideas in general on democracy and institutions across the Asian continent. Critical cases studies on India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Nepal – all linked by Britain and Jennings – assess the distinctive methods and outcomes of constitution making and how British ideas fared in these major states. The book offers chapters on the Westminster model in Asia, Human Rights, Nationalism, Ethnic politics, Federalism, Foreign influence, Decolonisation, Authoritarianism, the Rule of Law, Parliamentary democracy and the power and influence of key political actors. Taking an original stance on constitution making in Asia after British rule, it also puts forward ideas of contemporary significance for Asian states and other emerging democracies engaged in constitution making, regime change and seeking to understand their colonial past. The first political, historical or constitutional analysis comparing Asia’s experience with its indelible British constitutional legacy, this book is a critical resource on state building and constitution making in Asia following independence. It will appeal to students and scholars of world history, public law and politics.
Download or read book Peace written by Oliver P. Richmond and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-24 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Short Introductions: Brilliant, Sharp, Inspiring The concept of peace has always attracted radical thought, action, and practices. It has been taken to mean merely an absence of overt violence or war, but in the contemporary era it is often used interchangeably with 'peacemaking', 'peacebuilding', 'conflict resolution', and 'statebuilding'. The modern concept of peace has therefore broadened from the mere absence of violence to something much more complicated. In this Very Short Introduction, Oliver Richmond explores the evolution of peace in practice and in theory, exploring our modern assumptions about peace and the various different interpretations of its applications. This second edition has been theoretically and empirically updated and introduces a new framework to understand the overall evolution of the international peace architecture. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Book Synopsis State Building by : Francis Fukuyama
Download or read book State Building written by Francis Fukuyama and published by Profile Books. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weak or failed states - where no government is in control - are the source of many of the world's most serious problems, from poverty, AIDS and drugs to terrorism. What can be done to help? The problem of weak states and the need for state-building has existed for many years, but it has been urgent since September 11 and Afghanistan and Iraq. The formation of proper public institutions, such as an honest police force, uncorrupted courts, functioning schools and medical services and a strong civil service, is fraught with difficulties. We know how to help with resources, people and technology across borders, but state building requires methods that are not easily transported. The ability to create healthy states from nothing has suddenly risen to the top of the world agenda. State building has become a crucial matter of global security. In this hugely important book, Francis Fukuyama explains the concept of state-building and discusses the problems and causes of state weakness and its national and international effects.
