Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America

Download Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421407515
Total Pages : 1183 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America by : Guy A. Baldassarre

Download or read book Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America written by Guy A. Baldassarre and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 1183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ducks, Geese, and Swans of North America has been hailed as a classic since the first edition was published in 1942. A must-have for professional biologists, birders, waterfowl hunters, decoy collectors, and wildlife managers, this fully revised and updated edition provides definitive information on the continent's forty-six species. Maps of both winter and breeding ranges are presented with images by top waterfowl photographers and the acclaimed original artwork of Robert W. (Bob) Hines. Originally authored by F. H. Kortright and later revised by Frank Bellrose, this latest edition, which has been meticulously updated by renowned waterfowl biologist Guy Baldassarre, continues the legacy of esteemed authors. Each species account contains in-depth sections on: - identification - distribution - migration behavior - habitat - population status - breeding biology - rearing of young - recruitment and survival - food habits and feeding ecology - molts and plumages - conservation and management To facilitate identification, the species accounts also include detailed illustrations of wings. An appendix contains comparative illustrations of ducklings, goslings, and cygnets. Guy Baldassarre has hit the target. His remake of the Kortright/Bellrose classic provides good biological descriptions, wonderful photographs and illustrations, and easy-to-understand information about waterfowl. I would encourage every hunter and enthusiast to have these books as an educational guide to waterfowl and their needs.--H. Dale Hall, CEO, Ducks Unlimited, Inc. When, as an eleven-year-old in 1942, I read F. H. Kortright's first edition of this book, it altered the trajectory of my life. Every subsequent edition, including this latest update by Guy Baldassarre, has improved the landmark reference. I can't imagine that anyone interested in waterfowl or wetlands can live without this indispensable book.--Paul A. Johnsgard, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Creating a brand-new version of such a timeless and previously revised classic is a risky venture indeed, but nobody could be better suited for this monumental task than Guy Baldassarre. He has created a stunning new classic, at once magnificent in its visual appeal and truly comprehensive in its scientific breadth and depth. Hats off to Guy for dedicating himself to this project with such obvious passion, patience, and skill. This book absolutely belongs on the shelf or coffee table of anyone who has ever marveled at waterfowl, whether through their binoculars or from inside the duck blind.--John W. Fitzpatrick, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Guy Baldassarre was a professor of wildlife ecology at the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry in Syracuse until his death in 2012. He is the coauthor of the textbook, Waterfowl Ecology and Management. Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore www.press.jhu.edu This product consists of two volumes, packaged in a slipcase along with a CD containing references and additional maps. ISBN 13: 978-1-4214-0751-7 ISBN 10: 1-4214-0751-5 [Use barcode for ISBN 13: 978-1-4214-0751-7] Cover design: Cover illustration: Northern Pintail. GaryKramer.net Author photo: HOLD SPACE FOR AUTHOR PHOTO X: \marketing\author photos --John W. Fitzpatrick, Cornell Lab of Ornithology "Midwest Book Review"

The North American Sea Ducks

Download The North American Sea Ducks PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1609621069
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (96 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The North American Sea Ducks by : Paul Johnsgard

Download or read book The North American Sea Ducks written by Paul Johnsgard and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2016-11-09 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21 species of sea ducks are one of the larger subgroups (Tribe Mergini) of the waterfowl family Anatidae, and the 16 species (one historically extinct) that are native to North America represent the largest number to be found on any continent, and also the largest number of endemic sea duck species native to any continent. Although generally not important as game birds, the sea ducks include some economically important birds such as the eiders, the basis for the Arctic eiderdown industry and a historically important food source for some Native American cultures. They also include what is probably the most northerly breeding species of all waterfowl and an icon of Arctic bird life, the long-tailed duck. The sea ducks also include species having some of the most complex and diverse pair-forming postural and acoustic displays of all waterfowl (goldeneyes and bufflehead), and some of the deepest diving species of all waterfowl (scoters and long-tailed duck). Sea ducks are highly prone to population disasters caused by oil spills and other water contaminants and, like other seabirds, are among the first bird groups that are being affected by current global warming trends in polar regions. This book is an effort to summarize succinctly our current knowledge of sea duck biology and to provide a convenient survey of the vast technical literature on the group, with over 900 literature references. It also includes 90,000 words of text (more than 40 percent of which is new), 15 updated range maps, 11 black & white and 20 color photographs, over 30 ink drawings, and nearly 150 sketches. Lastly, the North American sea ducks include the now extinct Labrador duck, the only northern hemisphere waterfowl species to have gone extinct in modern times. I have gratefully reprinted a Labrador duck watercolor by Sir Peter Scott. Considering recent population crashes in other sea ducks, such as the Steller's eider and spectacled eider, it should also offer a sobering reminder of the fragility of our natural world and its inhabitants, including us.

Programmatic Supplemental EIS for Alaska Groundfish Fisheries Implemented Under the Authority of the Fishery Management Plans for the Groundfish Fishery of the Gulf of Alaska and the Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Area

Download Programmatic Supplemental EIS for Alaska Groundfish Fisheries Implemented Under the Authority of the Fishery Management Plans for the Groundfish Fishery of the Gulf of Alaska and the Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Area PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Programmatic Supplemental EIS for Alaska Groundfish Fisheries Implemented Under the Authority of the Fishery Management Plans for the Groundfish Fishery of the Gulf of Alaska and the Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Area by :

Download or read book Programmatic Supplemental EIS for Alaska Groundfish Fisheries Implemented Under the Authority of the Fishery Management Plans for the Groundfish Fishery of the Gulf of Alaska and the Groundfish of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands Area written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Conservation Palaeobiology of Marine Ecosystems

Download Conservation Palaeobiology of Marine Ecosystems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Geological Society of London Special Publications
ISBN 13 : 1786205777
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Conservation Palaeobiology of Marine Ecosystems by : R. Nawrot

Download or read book Conservation Palaeobiology of Marine Ecosystems written by R. Nawrot and published by Geological Society of London Special Publications. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation palaeobiology tracks the history of ecosystems based on the fossil record to guide conservation decisions and contribute to the theoretical foundations of conservation biology. The accelerating pace of global change requires better understanding of the long-term resilience and adaptive capacities of ecosystems. Fossil assemblages in outcrops and cores, together with surface accumulations of skeletal remains, represent unique archives of past ecosystem dynamics and baseline community states prior to anthropogenic impacts. However, as biological data retrieved from fossil and death assemblages cannot be treated in isolation, conservation palaeobiology integrates palaeontological and geological tools to account for the nature of the stratigraphic record. This volume brings together studies that demonstrate how combining marine palaeoecological records with other types of geohistorical data (taphonomic, sedimentological, geochronological, geochemical) can inform biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. The papers highlight novel approaches and challenges in applying geohistorical data to conservation problems, discuss the limitations imposed by time averaging, and offer both deep- and near-time perspectives on conservation palaeobiology of marine ecosystems.

Population Genetic Structure and Breeding Philopatric Behavior of Cackling Canada Geese

Download Population Genetic Structure and Breeding Philopatric Behavior of Cackling Canada Geese PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (64 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Population Genetic Structure and Breeding Philopatric Behavior of Cackling Canada Geese by : Ada Christine Fowler

Download or read book Population Genetic Structure and Breeding Philopatric Behavior of Cackling Canada Geese written by Ada Christine Fowler and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author studied patterns of genetic differentiation in breeding cackling Canada geese (Branta canadensis minima) at multiple scales, and sought to link reproductive consequences of philopatry with subsequent patterns. Large-scale patterns were examined using different types of molecular markers. Lastly, the author investigated relatedness and nesting dispersion of Pacific greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons frontalis). Females in clusters were not more related than expected. The studies were conducted in coastal western Alaska along the coast of the Bering Sea in the Hazen Bay area and along the Kashunuk River near its mouth at Hazen Bay.

Waterfowl Ecology and Management

Download Waterfowl Ecology and Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Krieger Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Waterfowl Ecology and Management by : Guy A. Baldassarre

Download or read book Waterfowl Ecology and Management written by Guy A. Baldassarre and published by Krieger Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Baldaserre & Bolen addresses several aspects of waterfowl ecology and management. This second edition includes 16 'infoboxes, ' which are stand-alone inserts in the various chapters. The infoboxes present information on important waterfowl people, places, and issues

Avian Malaria and Related Parasites in the Tropics

Download Avian Malaria and Related Parasites in the Tropics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030516334
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Avian Malaria and Related Parasites in the Tropics by : Diego Santiago-Alarcon

Download or read book Avian Malaria and Related Parasites in the Tropics written by Diego Santiago-Alarcon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tropics are home to the greatest biodiversity in the world, but tropical species are at risk due to anthropogenic activities, mainly land use change, habitat loss, invasive species, and pathogens. Over the past 20 years, the avian malaria and related parasites (Order: Haemosporida) systems have received increased attention in the tropical regions from a diverse array of research perspectives. However, to date no attempts have been made to synthesize the available information and to propose new lines of research. This book provides such a synthesis by not only focusing on the antagonistic interactions, but also by providing conceptual chapters on topics going from avian haemosporidians life cycles and study techniques, to chapters addressing current concepts on ecology and evolution. For example, a chapter synthesizing basic biogeography and ecological niche model concepts is presented, followed by one on the island biogeography of avian haemosporidians. Accordingly, researchers and professionals interested in these antagonistic interaction systems will find both an overview of the field with special emphasis on the tropics, and access to the necessary conceptual framework for various topics in ecology, evolution and systematics. Given its conceptual perspective, the book will appeal not only to readers interested in avian haemosporidians, but also to those more generally interested in the ecology, evolution and systematics of host-parasite interactions.

Avian Malaria Parasites and other Haemosporidia

Download Avian Malaria Parasites and other Haemosporidia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203643798
Total Pages : 946 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Avian Malaria Parasites and other Haemosporidia by : Gediminas Valkiunas

Download or read book Avian Malaria Parasites and other Haemosporidia written by Gediminas Valkiunas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-28 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When studying the effects of parasites on natural populations, the avian haematozoa fulfills many of the specifications of an ideal model. Featuring a multitude of tables and illustrations, Avian Malaria Parasites and Other Haemosporidia summarizes more than a century of research on bird haemosporidians. For a long time, bird blood parasites served as important models in studying human diseases. Although now largely replaced, the wealth of data and research remain. With chapters addressing life cycles and morphology, pathogenicity, ultrastructure, geographical distribution, and illustrated keys to all known species of the parasites, this book is a masterful assessment of the biology of bird haemosporidian parasites.

Sandhill Crane Study in the Central Flyway

Download Sandhill Crane Study in the Central Flyway PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sandhill Crane Study in the Central Flyway by : Raymond J. Buller

Download or read book Sandhill Crane Study in the Central Flyway written by Raymond J. Buller and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fall-migrating sandhill cranes arrived at congregation sites in southern Canada and in the States of the Central Flyway between late July and early October. Sandhills peaked at about 100,000 birds at way stations during the fall of 1964. Footprint measurements indicated that the lesser sandhill was by far the most numerous subspecies at way stations in Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Colorado. These measurements also indicated that flocks stopping over in Wyoming, Kansas, and Oklahoma contained a significant number of Canadian sandhill or greater sandhill or both. A selective collecting program indicated that the footprint measurement technique overemphasized the incidence of the greater sandhill at way stations in North Dakota and South Dakota. Whooping cranes and sandhills were occasionally observed together during the early part of the fall migration. At times, fall-migrating sandhills fed on standing and harvested grain crops in Canada and the States of the Central Flyway, but seldom were depredations considered serious.

Water Birds and Their Wetland Resources in Relation to Oil Development at Storkersen Point, Alaska

Download Water Birds and Their Wetland Resources in Relation to Oil Development at Storkersen Point, Alaska PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Water Birds and Their Wetland Resources in Relation to Oil Development at Storkersen Point, Alaska by : Robert D. Bergman

Download or read book Water Birds and Their Wetland Resources in Relation to Oil Development at Storkersen Point, Alaska written by Robert D. Bergman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of a 5-year study of the bird populations at Storkersen Point on the Alaska Coastal plain. Based on the characteristics of the birds and their wetland resources, recommendations for the preservation of tundra wetlands are made and to minimize negative effects of petroleum development on water birds.

Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment

Download Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030929889X
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.

Arctic Human Development Report

Download Arctic Human Development Report PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289338830
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Arctic Human Development Report by : Joan Nymand Larsen

Download or read book Arctic Human Development Report written by Joan Nymand Larsen and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2015-02-18 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of the second volume of the AHDR – Arctic Human Development Report: Regional Processes and Global Linkages – are to provide an update to the first AHDR (2004) in terms of an assessment of the state of Arctic human development; to highlight the major trends and changes unfolding related to the various issues and thematic areas of human development in the Arctic over the past decade; and, based on this assessment, to identify policy relevant conclusions and key gaps in knowledge, new and emerging Arctic success stories. The production of AHDR-II on the tenth anniversary of the first AHDR makes it possible to move beyond the baseline assessment to make valuable comparisons and contrasts across a decade of persistent and rapid change in the North. It addresses critical issues and emerging challenges in Arctic living conditions, quality of life in the North, global change impacts and adaptation, and Indigenous livelihoods. The assessment contributes to our understanding of the interplay and consequences of physical and social change processes affecting Arctic residents’ quality of life, at both the regional and global scales. It shows that the Arctic is not a homogenous region. Impacts of globalization and environmental change differ within and between regions, between Indigenous and non-Indigenous northerners, between genders and along other axes.

Effects of Climate Variation on the Breeding Ecology of Arctic Shorebirds

Download Effects of Climate Variation on the Breeding Ecology of Arctic Shorebirds PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Museum Tusculanum Press
ISBN 13 : 9788763512794
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (127 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Effects of Climate Variation on the Breeding Ecology of Arctic Shorebirds by : Hans Meltofte

Download or read book Effects of Climate Variation on the Breeding Ecology of Arctic Shorebirds written by Hans Meltofte and published by Museum Tusculanum Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About 50 species of shorebirds breed in the Arctic, where they constitute the most characteristic component of the tundra avifauna. Here, we review the impact of weather and climate on the breeding cycle of shorebirds based on extensive studies conducted across the Arctic. Conditions for breeding shorebirds are highly variable among species, sites and regions, both within and between continents. Weather effects on breeding are most moderate in the Low Arctic of northern Europe and most extreme in the Siberian High Arctic. The decision of whether or not to breed upon arrival on the breeding grounds, the timing of egg-laying and the chick-growth period are most affected by annual variation in weather. In large parts of the Arctic, clutch initiation dates are highly correlated with snowmelt dates and in regions and years where extensive snowmelt occurs before or soon after the arrival of shorebirds, the decision to breed and on the breeding ecology of clutch initiation dates appear to be a function of food availability for laying females. Once incubation is initiated, adult shorebirds appear fairly resilient to variations in temperature with nest abandonment primarily occurring in case of severe weather with new snow covering the ground. Feeding conditions for chicks, a factor highly influenced by weather, affects juvenile production in most regions. Predation has a very strong impact on breeding productivity throughout the Arctic and subarctic, with lemming Dicrostonyx spp. and Lemmus spp. fluctuations strongly influencing predation rates, particularly in the Siberian Arctic. The fate of Arctic shorebirds under projected future climate scenarios is uncertain, but High Arctic species and populations appear particularly at risk. Climatic amelioration may benefit Arctic shorebirds in the short term by increasing both survival and productivity, whereas in the long term habitat changes both on the breeding grounds and on the temperate and tropical non-breeding areas may put them under considerable pressure and may bring some of them near to extinction. Their relatively low genetic diversity, which is thought to be a consequence of survival through past climatically-driven population bottlenecks, may also put them more at risk to anthropogenic-induced climate variation than other avian taxa.

Alaska Seabird Information Series (ASIS)

Download Alaska Seabird Information Series (ASIS) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Alaska Seabird Information Series (ASIS) by :

Download or read book Alaska Seabird Information Series (ASIS) written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Compilation of seabird species accounts for all seabirds breeding in Alaska and five important nonbreeders. Conservation status, life history, distribution, population size and trends, conservation concerns, and recommended management actions are included in the accounts"--Leaf i.

Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope

Download Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309168368
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope by : National Research Council

Download or read book Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska's North Slope written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies accumulated environmental, social and economic effects of oil and gas leasing, exploration, and production on Alaska's North Slope. Economic benefits to the region have been accompanied by effects of the roads, infrastructure and activies of oil and gas production on the terrain, plants, animals and peoples of the North Slope. While attempts by the oil industry and regulatory agencies have reduced many of the environmental effects, they have not been eliminated. The book makes recommendations for further environmental research related to environmental effects.

The Ducks, Geese and Swans of North America

Download The Ducks, Geese and Swans of North America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Ducks, Geese and Swans of North America by : Francis H. Kortright

Download or read book The Ducks, Geese and Swans of North America written by Francis H. Kortright and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula

Download Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula by : Olaus Johan Murie

Download or read book Fauna of the Aleutian Islands and Alaska Peninsula written by Olaus Johan Murie and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematic account of the results of a survey made in 1936 and 1937 to aid supervision of the Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge. (AB60374).