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Author : James M Malloy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Politics, Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by James M Malloy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Politics, Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kurt Weyland
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822971712
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)
Download or read book Democracy Without Equity written by Kurt Weyland and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 1996-05-15 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Democracy without Equity, Weyland investigates the crucial political issue for many Latin American countries: the possibility for redistributing wealth and power through the democratic process. He focuses on Brazil's redistributive initiatives in tax policy, social security, and health care. Weyland's work is based on some 260 interviews with interest group representatives, politicians, and bureaucrats, the publications of interest groups, speeches of policy makers, newspaper accounts, legislative bills, congressional committee reports, and more. He concludes that, in countries whose society and political parties are fragmented, the prospects for effective redistributive policies are poor.
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821349601
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (496 download)
Download or read book Brazil written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the single most important fiscal issue facing the Brazilian government today. This report summarizes the state, and potential policy implications, of the Brazilian Social security system. It also discusses policy recommendations for: social security and pensions, the national social security system, government pensions and funds, and the complementary pension systems. An overview of the social security challenge reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained). The key to effective reform of social security is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Author : Andreas Hahn
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3832525394
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Between Presidential Power and Legislative Veto written by Andreas Hahn and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2010 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reform success and reform delay are subject to a variety of explanations. In general, high decisiveness leads to reform propensity, while its absence, or high resoluteness, to policy-gridlock. The Brazilian reform experience is contradicting: both aspects are present - factors leading to decisiveness as well as those inducing gridlock and reform delay. Leaving the static point of view and accounting for a dynamic development, this apparent contradiction gets resolved: in fact, the executive gained growing leeway during the 1990s, providing it with the means to achieve a higher degree of decisiveness of the political system by simultaneously guaranteeing resoluteness.It is, however, greatly mistaken to consider this development as a blank cheque to universal, encompassing reforming in all areas. Despite growing executive dominance and growing policy consensus, some particular reforms were a success, while others did not surpass its initial stages. This is finally due to path-dependency and explicit policy-specificities, triggering different institutional constraints and veto-points, which even strong Presidents cannot override.
Author : Michele Gragnolati
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821399322
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Twenty Years of Health System Reform in Brazil written by Michele Gragnolati and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been over twenty years since the Brazilian Sistema Único de Saúde (Unified Health System or SUS) was formally established by the 1988 Constitution. The impetus for the SUS came in part from rising costs and a crisis in the social security system that preceded the reforms, but also from a broad-based political movement calling for democratization and improved social rights. Building on reforms that started in the 1980s, the SUS was based on three overarching principles: (i) universal access to health services, with health defined as a citizen’s right and an obligation of the state; (ii) equality of access to health care; and (iii) integrality (comprehensiveness) and continuity of care; along with several other guiding ideas, including decentralization, increased participation, and evidence-based prioritization. The SUS reform established health a fundamental right and duty of the state, and started a process of fundamentally transforming Brazil’s health system to achieve this goal. So, what has been achieved since the SUS was established? And what challenges remain in achieving the goals that were established in 1988? These questions are the focus of this report. Specifically, it seeks to assess whether the SUS reforms have managed to transform the health system as envisaged more than 20 years ago, and whether the reforms have led to improved outcomes in terms of access to services, financial protection, and health status. Any effort to assess the performance of a health system runs into a host of challenges concerning the definition of boundaries of the “health system”, the outcomes that the assessment should focus on, data sources and quality, and the role of policies and reforms in understanding how the performance of the health system has changed over time. Building on an extensive literature on health system assessment, this report is based on a simple framework that specifies a set of health system “building blocks”, which affect a number of intermediate outcomes such as access, quality and efficiency, which, in turn, contribute to final outcomes, including health status, financial protection, and satisfaction. Based on this framework, the report starts by looking at how key building blocks of Brazil’s health system have changed over time and then moves on to review performance in terms of intermediate and final outcomes.
Author : James M. Malloy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Politics, Fiscal Crisis and Social Security Reform in Brazil written by James M. Malloy and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Weltbank
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Author : Aaron Schneider
Publisher : Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Governance Reform and Institutional Change in Brazil written by Aaron Schneider and published by Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex. This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrasts two processes of fiscal and tax reform, illustrating that the degree of institutional change depends of the positions and powers of the actors involved and the articulation of a new social pact. Comments on the background and innovations of the 2000 Fiscal Responsibility Law (Lei de Responsibilidade Fiscal).
Author : Anwar Shah
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The New Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an overview of the existing state of fiscal federalism in Brazil and suggests directions for change.
Author : Weltbank
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Brazil written by Weltbank and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study consists of two volumes, the first volume contains a detailed summary of the report findings, and policy implications, and, the second volume, the Policy Report, contains discussions on policy recommendations for each of the components of the Brazilian social security system. An overview on the dimensions of the social security challenge, reviews the system components, revealing unsustainable fiscal imbalances, and administrative weaknesses in both the unreformed General Regime for Social Security (RGPS), and the Pension Regime for Government Workers (RJU), with large tax-related distortions, and labor market inefficiency. Thus the goals of Brazil's reforms are to reduce fiscal deficits, lower actuarial imbalances, increase equity and redistribution, reduce collateral inefficiencies, and facilitate growth of funded pensions. The study implies there is no recourse for the country, but to lower the high, uniform replacement rates (experience suggests that rates higher than 40-70 percent, cannot be sustained) and, spells out that the key to effective reform of social security, is widening the debate to include potential winners from these changes, particularly the private sector, the young, and the poor. Policy recommendations suggest, that the adverse equity effects of RGPS reforms, should be widely publicized to generate political support for deeper RJU reform.
Author : Dr Nasser Afify
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781092369923
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (699 download)
Download or read book The Economic Reform in Brazil written by Dr Nasser Afify and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is the world's eighth largest economy. After almost a decade of strong growth (2002-2013), Brazil entered into the worst recession in its history in 2015 (-3.8% of GDP) and 2016 (-3.6%). This economic crisis was due to the fall of commodity prices and a drop in consumption and in investment. However, the economy recovered in 2017 and the GDP recorded a 1% progression. Budgetary adjustment and favorable economic conditions have fostered the recovery. In 2018, the Brazilian economy confirmed its rebound and the country's GDP grew 1.4%. The economy is expected to keep growing in 2019, reaching an estimated annual GDP growth rate of 2.4% (IMF).In 2018, inflation grew slightly, reaching 3.7% (compared to 3.4% the previous year) and is expected to increase to 4.2% in 2019. Fiscal consolidation is the government's main objective, but even though the fiscal deficit is expected to narrow in 2019, the President's promise to reduce the imbalance to zero this year is not feasible. The government budget balance registered in 2018 a deficit of 7.3% which is expected to be maintained at the similar level in 2019 and 2020. The government will also focus on social security reform, which was announced by the previous administration but failed to pass the Congress. If the current government fails to address the pension system reform, it could jeopardize the stronger economic momentum. However, the Congress is still far from passing the reform plans. The investigation of the Operation "Car Wash", following the worldwide corruption scandal involving Petrobras (the national oil company) has led to the conviction of several members of the Workers' Party (PT) and the impeachment of the then president Dilma Rousseff in 2016, replaced by Michel Temer.
Author : Kathleen Kuehnast
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Enhancing Economic Reforms Through Social Development written by Kathleen Kuehnast and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resolving the pension crisis in Brazil has been neither straightforward nor technically easy. The World Bank provided technical assistance via diagnostic tools that assessed the impacts of current pensions at the state level. The analysis identified likely impacts various pension reform models might have on different social groups, including the poor. The project was realistic in scope. It was intended only to equip the states technically to address pension reform and to assist in setting up stakeholder discussion groups to openly examine and debate the merits of various pension reform proposals. The government allowed the testing of these diagnostic tools on the social security system. In the end, such technical assistance could achieve only part of the reform. The critical component was building internal government support for constitutional reforms of the pension system. This Note summarizes how the State Pensions system Reform LIL Project created the capacity for learning, trust, and reform.
Author : Lutz Leisering
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030549593
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book One Hundred Years of Social Protection written by Lutz Leisering and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the rise of social protection in the global North has been widely researched, we know little about the history of social protection in the global South. This volume investigates the experiences of four middle-income countries - Brazil, India, China and South Africa - from 1920 to 2020, analysing if, when, and how these countries articulated a concern about social issues and social cohesion. As the first in-depth study of the ideational foundations of social protection policies and programmes in these four countries, the contributions demonstrate that the social question was articulated in an increasingly inclusive way. The contributions identify the ideas, beliefs, and visions that underpinned the movement towards inclusion and social peace as well as counteracting doctrines. Drawing on perspectives from the sociology of knowledge, grounded theory, historiography, discourse analysis, and process tracing, the volume will be of interest to scholars across political science, sociology, political economy, history, area studies, and global studies, as well as development experts and policymakers.
Author : Pierre Plamondon
Publisher : International Labour Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789221108634
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Actuarial Practice in Social Security written by Pierre Plamondon and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2002 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actuarial analysis of social protection schemes is a challenge that requires a balancing act between the demographic, economic, financial, and actuarial fields. This text provides a practical tool to enhance and modernize social protection systems while maintaining this balance.
Author : Alfred P. Montero
Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 0745633617
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)
Download or read book Brazilian Politics written by Alfred P. Montero and published by Polity. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazilian Politics offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the contemporary politics of South Americas largest democracy. Accessibly written for students, the book traces the major trends in Brazils political development and analyses the main challenges facing the country today. Topics covered include the crisis of the state, economic and political causes of inequality and poverty, the failures of the electoral and party system, the widening array of social movements and non-governmental organizations, and the heightened role of Brazil in the areas of international trade, security and diplomacy. Focusing on five key themes the strength of the state, representation, social equity, citizenship and political participation, and the role of the state in a global community of states Alfred Montero shows that Brazilian democracy has advanced greatly in recent years. However, this process is a complex one and, as the author cautions, Brazilian democracy still has a long way to go. But the high public expectations which accompanied the election of Lula da Silva to the presidency in 2002 have given Brazilian politics a renewed optimism and momentum. By building on the achievements of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1994-2002), the book concludes that the Lula presidency holds out the hope of changing Brazilian politics for the long haul. Divided into 8 chapters, each containing a concise introduction outlining the core issues for discussion and an annotated guide to further reading, this book offers the most complete primer available for anyone interested in the politics of contemporary Brazil.
Author : Maria Delgado Coelho
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513596624
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform written by Maria Delgado Coelho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.
