Political Leaders In The 20th Century

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The Peacemakers: Leadership Lessons from Twentieth-Century Statesmanship

Author : Bruce W. Jentleson
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393249573
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis The Peacemakers: Leadership Lessons from Twentieth-Century Statesmanship by : Bruce W. Jentleson

Download or read book The Peacemakers: Leadership Lessons from Twentieth-Century Statesmanship written by Bruce W. Jentleson and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twentieth century, great leaders played vital roles in making the world a fairer and more peaceful place. How did they do it? What lessons can be drawn for the twenty-first-century global agenda? Those questions are at the heart of The Peacemakers, a kind of global edition of John F. Kennedy’s Profiles in Courage. Writing at a time when peace seems elusive and conflict endemic, when tensions are running high among the major powers, when history has come roaring back, when democracy and human rights are yet again under siege, when climate change is moving from future to present tense, and when transformational statesmanship is so needed, Bruce W. Jentleson shows how twentieth-century leaders of a variety of types—national, international institutional, sociopolitical, nongovernmental—rewrote the zero-sum scripts they were handed and successfully made breakthroughs on issues long thought intractable. The stories are fascinating: Henry Kissinger, Zhou Enlai, and the U.S.-China opening; Mikhail Gorbachev and the end of the Cold War; Dag Hammarskjöld’s exceptional effectiveness as United Nations secretary-general; Nelson Mandela and South African reconciliation; Yitzhak Rabin seeking Arab-Israeli peace; Mahatma Gandhi as exemplar of anticolonialism and an apostle of nonviolence; Lech Walesa and ending Soviet bloc communism; Gro Harlem Brundtland and fostering global sustainability; and a number of others. While also taking into account other actors and factors, Jentleson tells us who each leader was as an individual, why they made the choices they did, how they pursued their goals, and what they were (and weren’t) able to achieve. And not just fascinating, but also instructive. Jentleson draws out lessons across the twenty-first-century global agenda, making clear how difficult peacemaking is, while powerfully demonstrating that it has been possible—and urgently stressing how necessary it is today. An ambitious book for ambitious people, The Peacemakers seeks to contribute to motivating and shaping the breakthroughs on which our future so greatly depends.

Latin American Dictators of the 20th Century

Author : Javier A. Galván
Publisher : McFarland
ISBN 13 : 078646691X
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Latin American Dictators of the 20th Century by : Javier A. Galván

Download or read book Latin American Dictators of the 20th Century written by Javier A. Galván and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the 20th century, the emergence of authoritarian dictatorships in Latin America coincided with periods of social convulsion and economic uncertainty. This book covers 15 dictators representing every decade of the century and geographically from the Caribbean and North and Central and South America. Each chapter covers their personal information (childhood, education, marriage, family...), assumption of power, relationship with the United States, oppression of civilians, and collapse of their regimes. The book also investigates inherent contradictions in U.S. foreign policy: promoting democracy abroad while supporting brutal dictatorships in Latin America. Such analysis requires multiple perspectives and this work embraces an evaluation of the influence of military dictatorships on cultural elements such as art, literature, journalism, music and cinema, while drawing on data from documentary archives, court case files, investigative reports, international treaties, witness testimonies, and personal letters from survivors. The dramatic experiences of courageous individuals who challenged these 15 oppressors are also recounted.

Populism in Twentieth Century Mexico

Author : Amelia M. Kiddle
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816550131
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Populism in Twentieth Century Mexico by : Amelia M. Kiddle

Download or read book Populism in Twentieth Century Mexico written by Amelia M. Kiddle and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2022-07-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mexican presidents Lázaro Cárdenas (1934–1940) and Luis Echeverría (1970–1976) used populist politics in an effort to obtain broad-based popular support for their presidential goals. In spite of differences in administrative plans, both aimed to close political divisions within society, extend government programs to those on the margins of national life, and prevent foreign ideologies and practices from disrupting domestic politics. As different as they were in political style, both relied on appealing to the public through mass media, clothing styles, and music. This volume brings together twelve original essays that explore the concept of populism in twentieth century Mexico. Contributors analyze the presidencies of two of the century’s most clearly populist figures, evaluating them against each other and in light of other Latin American and Mexican populist leaders. In order to examine both positive and negative effects of populist political styles, contributors also show how groups as diverse as wild yam pickers in 1970s Oaxaca and intellectuals in 1930s Mexico City had access to and affected government projects. The chapters on the Echeverría presidency are written by contributors at the forefront of emerging scholarship on this topic and demonstrate new approaches to this critical period in Mexican history. Through comparisons to Echeverría, contributors also shed new light on the Cárdenas presidency, suggesting fresh areas of investigation into the work of Mexico’s quintessentially populist leader. Ranging in approach from environmental history to labor history, the essays in this volume present a complex picture of twentieth century populism in Mexico.

The Myth of the Strong Leader

Author : Archie Brown
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465080979
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis The Myth of the Strong Leader by : Archie Brown

Download or read book The Myth of the Strong Leader written by Archie Brown and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From one of the world's preeminent political historians, a magisterial study of political leadership around the world from the advent of parliamentary democracy to the age of Obama. All too frequently, leadership is reduced to a simple dichotomy: the strong versus the weak. Yet, there are myriad ways to exercise effective political leadership -- as well as different ways to fail. We blame our leaders for economic downfalls and praise them for vital social reforms, but rarely do we question what makes some leaders successful while others falter. In this magisterial and wide-ranging survey of political leadership over the past hundred years, renowned Oxford politics professor Archie Brown challenges the widespread belief that strong leaders -- meaning those who dominate their colleagues and the policy-making process -- are the most successful and admirable. In reality, only a minority of political leaders will truly make a lasting difference. Though we tend to dismiss more collegial styles of leadership as weak, it is often the most cooperative leaders who have the greatest impact. Drawing on extensive research and decades of political analysis and experience, Brown illuminates the achievements, failures and foibles of a broad array of twentieth century politicians. Whether speaking of redefining leaders like Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Lyndon Johnson, and Margaret Thatcher, who expanded the limits of what was politically possible during their time in power, or the even rarer transformational leaders who played a decisive role in bringing about systemic change -- Charles de Gaulle, Mikhail Gorbachev and Nelson Mandela, among them -- Brown challenges our commonly held beliefs about political efficacy and strength. Overturning many of our assumptions about the twentieth century's most important figures, Brown's conclusions are both original and enlightening. The Myth of the Strong Leader compels us to reassess the leaders who have shaped our world - and to reconsider how we should choose and evaluate those who will lead us into the future.

Uplifting the Race

Author : Kevin K. Gaines
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 146960647X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Uplifting the Race by : Kevin K. Gaines

Download or read book Uplifting the Race written by Kevin K. Gaines and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amidst the violent racism prevalent at the turn of the twentieth century, African American cultural elites, struggling to articulate a positive black identity, developed a middle-class ideology of racial uplift. Insisting that they were truly representative of the race's potential, black elites espoused an ethos of self-help and service to the black masses and distinguished themselves from the black majority as agents of civilization; hence the phrase 'uplifting the race.' A central assumption of racial uplift ideology was that African Americans' material and moral progress would diminish white racism. But Kevin Gaines argues that, in its emphasis on class distinctions and patriarchal authority, racial uplift ideology was tied to pejorative notions of racial pathology and thus was limited as a force against white prejudice. Drawing on the work of W. E. B. Du Bois, Anna Julia Cooper, Alice Dunbar-Nelson, Hubert H. Harrison, and others, Gaines focuses on the intersections between race and gender in both racial uplift ideology and black nationalist thought, showing that the meaning of uplift was intensely contested even among those who shared its aims. Ultimately, elite conceptions of the ideology retreated from more democratic visions of uplift as social advancement, leaving a legacy that narrows our conceptions of rights, citizenship, and social justice.

On Tyranny

Author : Timothy Snyder
Publisher : Crown
ISBN 13 : 0804190127
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis On Tyranny by : Timothy Snyder

Download or read book On Tyranny written by Timothy Snyder and published by Crown. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A “bracing” (Vox) guide for surviving and resisting America’s turn towards authoritarianism, from “a rising public intellectual unafraid to make bold connections between past and present” (The New York Times) “Timothy Snyder reasons with unparalleled clarity, throwing the past and future into sharp relief. He has written the rare kind of book that can be read in one sitting but will keep you coming back to help regain your bearings.”—Masha Gessen The Founding Fathers tried to protect us from the threat they knew, the tyranny that overcame ancient democracy. Today, our political order faces new threats, not unlike the totalitarianism of the twentieth century. We are no wiser than the Europeans who saw democracy yield to fascism, Nazism, or communism. Our one advantage is that we might learn from their experience. On Tyranny is a call to arms and a guide to resistance, with invaluable ideas for how we can preserve our freedoms in the uncertain years to come.

Closet Queens

Author : Michael Bloch
Publisher : Little, Brown Book Group
ISBN 13 : 1405517018
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Closet Queens by : Michael Bloch

Download or read book Closet Queens written by Michael Bloch and published by Little, Brown Book Group. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closet Queens is a fascinating study of gay men in twentieth century British politics, from Lord Rosebery and Lord Beauchamp in Edwardian times to Michael Portillo and Peter Mandelson in our own era. As all homosexual activity was illegal until 1967, and exposure meant ruin and disgrace, such men were obliged either to repress their sexual feelings or else lead double lives, indulging their tastes secretly while respectably married with children. The need to cover up their sexuality, while causing problems and disappointments, often sharpened their skills as politicians - they were masters of secrecy and subterfuge, and knew how to take calculated risks. An entertaining and insightful account of some extraordinary personalities, Closet Queens opens doors into a hidden world.

People of the Century

Author : CBS News
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0684870932
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis People of the Century by : CBS News

Download or read book People of the Century written by CBS News and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1999 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The one hundred most influential people of the twentieth century, as selected by the editors of Time magazine and featured in a series of documentaries produced by CBS.

Pivotal Tuesdays

Author : Margaret O'Mara
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812247469
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Pivotal Tuesdays by : Margaret O'Mara

Download or read book Pivotal Tuesdays written by Margaret O'Mara and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the era of the industrial factory to the age of the microchip, Pivotal Tuesdays explores four twentieth-century elections—1912, 1932, 1968, and 1992—using the election of the American president as a lens through which to explore the broader sweep of the nation's social, economic, and political history.

Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century

Author : John Hope Franklin
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 : 9780252009396
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century by : John Hope Franklin

Download or read book Black Leaders of the Twentieth Century written by John Hope Franklin and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biographical studies of fifteen twentieth-century black leaders.

Between Citizens and the State

Author : Christopher P. Loss
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691163340
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Between Citizens and the State by : Christopher P. Loss

Download or read book Between Citizens and the State written by Christopher P. Loss and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tracks the dramatic outcomes of the federal government's growing involvement in higher education between World War I and the 1970s, and the conservative backlash against that involvement from the 1980s onward. Using cutting-edge analysis, Christopher Loss recovers higher education's central importance to the larger social and political history of the United States in the twentieth century, and chronicles its transformation into a key mediating institution between citizens and the state. Framed around the three major federal higher education policies of the twentieth century--the 1944 GI Bill, the 1958 National Defense Education Act, and the 1965 Higher Education Act--the book charts the federal government's various efforts to deploy education to ready citizens for the national, bureaucratized, and increasingly global world in which they lived. Loss details the myriad ways in which academic leaders and students shaped, and were shaped by, the state's shifting political agenda as it moved from a preoccupation with economic security during the Great Depression, to national security during World War II and the Cold War, to securing the rights of African Americans, women, and other previously marginalized groups during the 1960s and '70s. Along the way, Loss reappraises the origins of higher education's current-day diversity regime, the growth of identity group politics, and the privatization of citizenship at the close of the twentieth century. At a time when people's faith in government and higher education is being sorely tested, this book sheds new light on the close relations between American higher education and politics.

The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership

Author : R. A. W. Rhodes
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191645869
Total Pages : 905 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership by : R. A. W. Rhodes

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Political Leadership written by R. A. W. Rhodes and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 905 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political leadership has made a comeback. It was studied intensively not only by political scientists but also by political sociologists and psychologists, Sovietologists, political anthropologists, and by scholars in comparative and development studies from the 1940s to the 1970s. Thereafter, the field lost its way with the rise of structuralism, neo-institutionalism, and rational choice approaches to the study of politics, government, and governance. Recently, however, students of politics have returned to studying the role of individual leaders and the exercise of leadership to explain political outcomes. The list of topics is nigh endless: elections, conflict management, public policy, government popularity, development, governance networks, and regional integration. In the media age, leaders are presented and stage-managed--spun--DDLas the solution to almost every social problem. Through the mass media and the Internet, citizens and professional observers follow the rise, impact, and fall of senior political officeholders at closer quarters than ever before. This Handbook encapsulates the resurgence by asking, where are we today? It orders the multidisciplinary field by identifying the distinct and distinctive contributions of the disciplines. It meets the urgent need to take stock. It brings together scholars from around the world, encouraging a comparative perspective, to provide a comprehensive coverage of all the major disciplines, methods, and regions. It showcases both the normative and empirical traditions in political leadership studies, and juxtaposes behavioural, institutional, and interpretive approaches. It covers formal, office-based as well as informal, emergent political leadership, and in both democratic and undemocratic polities.

King of the Mountain

Author : Arnold M. Ludwig
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
ISBN 13 : 0813143306
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis King of the Mountain by : Arnold M. Ludwig

Download or read book King of the Mountain written by Arnold M. Ludwig and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2013-07-24 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People may choose to ignore their animal heritage by interpreting their behavior as divinely inspired, socially purposeful, or even self-serving, all of which they attribute to being human, but they masticate, fornicate, and procreate, much as chimps and apes do, so they should have little cause to get upset if they learn that they act like other primates when they politically agitate, debate, abdicate, placate, and administrate, too." -- from the book King of the Mountain presents the startling findings of Arnold M. Ludwig's eighteen-year investigation into why people want to rule. The answer may seem obvious -- power, privilege, and perks -- but any adequate answer also needs to explain why so many rulers cling to power even when they are miserable, trust nobody, feel besieged, and face almost certain death. Ludwig's results suggest that leaders of nations tend to act remarkably like monkeys and apes in the way they come to power, govern, and rule. Profiling every ruler of a recognized country in the twentieth century -- over 1,900 people in all, Ludwig establishes how rulers came to power, how they lost power, the dangers they faced, and the odds of their being assassinated, committing suicide, or dying a natural death. Then, concentrating on a smaller sub-set of 377 rulers for whom more extensive personal information was available, he compares six different kinds of leaders, examining their characteristics, their childhoods, and their mental stability or instability to identify the main predictors of later political success. Ludwig's penetrating observations, though presented in a lighthearted and entertaining way, offer important insight into why humans have engaged in war throughout recorded history as well as suggesting how they might live together in peace.

Upper Senegal and Niger

Author : Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Upper Senegal and Niger by : Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section

Download or read book Upper Senegal and Niger written by Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Age of Acrimony

Author : Jon Grinspan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1635574633
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (355 download)

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Book Synopsis The Age of Acrimony by : Jon Grinspan

Download or read book The Age of Acrimony written by Jon Grinspan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2021-04-27 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A penetrating, character-filled history “in the manner of David McCullough” (WSJ), revealing the deep roots of our tormented present-day politics. Democracy was broken. Or that was what many Americans believed in the decades after the Civil War. Shaken by economic and technological disruption, they sought safety in aggressive, tribal partisanship. The results were the loudest, closest, most violent elections in U.S. history, driven by vibrant campaigns that drew our highest-ever voter turnouts. At the century's end, reformers finally restrained this wild system, trading away participation for civility in the process. They built a calmer, cleaner democracy, but also a more distant one. Americans' voting rates crashed and never fully recovered. This is the origin story of the “normal” politics of the 20th century. Only by exploring where that civility and restraint came from can we understand what is happening to our democracy today. The Age of Acrimony charts the rise and fall of 19th-century America's unruly politics through the lives of a remarkable father-daughter dynasty. The radical congressman William “Pig Iron” Kelley and his fiery, Progressive daughter Florence Kelley led lives packed with drama, intimately tied to their nation's politics. Through their friendships and feuds, campaigns and crusades, Will and Florie trace the narrative of a democracy in crisis. In telling the tale of what it cost to cool our republic, historian Jon Grinspan reveals our divisive political system's enduring capacity to reinvent itself.

The Devil in History

Author : Vladimir Tismaneanu
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520282205
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis The Devil in History by : Vladimir Tismaneanu

Download or read book The Devil in History written by Vladimir Tismaneanu and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Devil in History is a provocative analysis of the relationship between communism and fascism. Reflecting the author’s personal experiences within communist totalitarianism, this is a book about political passions, radicalism, utopian ideals, and their catastrophic consequences in the twentieth century’s experiments in social engineering. Vladimir Tismaneanu brilliantly compares communism and fascism as competing, sometimes overlapping, and occasionally strikingly similar systems of political totalitarianism. He examines the inherent ideological appeal of these radical, revolutionary political movements, the visions of salvation and revolution they pursued, the value and types of charisma of leaders within these political movements, the place of violence within these systems, and their legacies in contemporary politics. The author discusses thinkers who have shaped contemporary understanding of totalitarian movements—people such as Hannah Arendt, Raymond Aron, Isaiah Berlin, Albert Camus, François Furet, Tony Judt, Ian Kershaw, Leszek Kolakowski, Richard Pipes, and Robert C. Tucker. As much a theoretical analysis of the practical philosophies of Marxism-Leninism and Fascism as it is a political biography of particular figures, this book deals with the incarnation of diabolically nihilistic principles of human subjugation and conditioning in the name of presumably pure and purifying goals. Ultimately, the author claims that no ideological commitment, no matter how absorbing, should ever prevail over the sanctity of human life. He comes to the conclusion that no party, movement, or leader holds the right to dictate to the followers to renounce their critical faculties and to embrace a pseudo-miraculous, a mystically self-centered, delusional vision of mandatory happiness.

Pakistan in the Twentieth Century

Author : Lawrence Ziring
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Pakistan in the Twentieth Century by : Lawrence Ziring

Download or read book Pakistan in the Twentieth Century written by Lawrence Ziring and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan in the Twentieth Century analyses both the vision and the reality of a South Asian polity. Beginning with an examination of the people and forces that shaped the construction of an independent and predominantly Muslim state within the subcontinent, this historical study describes the events and the work of the many personalities who influenced Pakistan's development in the fifty years following the transfer of power.