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Plasma Interactions And Electron Dynamics For Volumetrically Complex Materials
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Book Synopsis Plasma Interactions and Electron Dynamics for Volumetrically Complex Materials by : Angelica Ottaviano
Download or read book Plasma Interactions and Electron Dynamics for Volumetrically Complex Materials written by Angelica Ottaviano and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electron dynamics and plasma-infusion are crucial for understanding plasma and materialrecycling, cooling, and the plasma-material interactions (PMI) for plasma facing surfaces for applications such as fusion energy and space propulsion. Notably, we have shown that new materials such as volumetrically complex materials (VCMs) can improve plasma device performance and lifetime and may provide a versatile design space for plasma-facing components such as inner walls and high-power electrodes. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the key PMI of VCMs by examining and characterizing the effects of electron dynamics occurring at the near-surface plasma region with focus on SEE and ion-induced sputtering. This work uses a combination of experimental, computational, and analytical methods. Much of this work uses reticulated foams as a representative material architecture to investigate PMI behavior across a wide range of the VCM design space. Secondary electron emission (SEE) yield analyses using a new scanning electron microscope (SEM) method revealed up to 43% suppression from foam compared with at. Foam ligament-to-pore aspect ratio showed the presence of an optimal geometric configuration, which is in agreement with current and past analytical models. Using SEM techniques, the importance of sample transparency and backplate yield contributions on overall target yield in plasma-facing regimes was also established. These results showed that geometric xxxi transparency can be used to assess the effective transparency to plasma species. Angular dependence revealed multi-scale behavior in that foams with um features exhibit loss of angular dependence much like fuzzes, while large foams (mm) are directional much like fibers and velvets. Electron spectroscopy showed that backscattered electron suppression is 80% more than low energy SEE suppression in carbon foams, while low energy SE generation may be enhanced. An analytical model for ion-sputtering of foams was modi ed to employ SEE physics and calculate SEE yields, which were then compared with experimental results. A dedicated, compact, hollow-cathode generated plasma facility was developed to expose biased foam (-100 to -600 V) to investigate plasma infusion regimes using electrostatic probing, optical emission spectroscopy, and in-situ sputter yield monitoring. A new diagnostic developed for real-time and in-situ surface profilometry is used to monitor the surface morphological evolution of foams during plasma exposure. Combined with ex-situ surface analysis techniques, plasma-foam experiments and analysis of inter-foam deposition and sputterant transport within pore layers have shown that plasma infusion is key for predicting back vs forward material sputtering. In addition, user facility was used in a collaboration project with UCLA Physics to investigate the effect of biased tungsten foams in a pulsed He plasma on material erosion and arcing in comparison with a planar surface. It was found that tungsten-based VCMs can withstand up to 600 V negative bias in a continuous and pulsed plasma environment, with significant reduction of arcing events when comparing to planar tungsten.
Book Synopsis Plasma-Material Interactions for Electric Propulsion and Plasma-Facing Components by : Anirudh Thuppul
Download or read book Plasma-Material Interactions for Electric Propulsion and Plasma-Facing Components written by Anirudh Thuppul and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantifying lifetime and performance of electric propulsion devices is inherently challenging as device operations last on the order of thousands of hours. Physics-based approaches to capture the key mechanisms of particle or plasma-material interaction with components are required. The first limiting factor for electrospray thruster is propellant flux to and interaction with the grids, resulting in saturation and electrical failures. The process is primarily driven by impinging mass flux, as demonstrated by the first life model developed considering mass flux for evaluating lifetime of capillary droplet-mode electrospray thrusters. Mass flux was classically assumed gaussian in shape due to collisions and scattering processes, but novel measurements demonstrate that mass flux is super-gaussian in nature. The measurements provide novel insight on electrospray plume structure and how operating conditions affect their shape. The super-gaussian nature of the profile indicates the need to consider mass flux in addition to current for thruster performance and lifetime evaluation. Plasma material interactions are also a challenge for lifetime and performance of components for electric propulsion and fusion applications. Ion bombardment and sputtering degrades boundary materials and contaminants contaminates the plasma, reducing performance, limiting device lifetime, and increases component replacement costs. Plasma-infused volumetrically complex foams have been shown to persistently reduce sputtering-yield. In this work, experimental measurements of a foam under plasma exposure demonstrate the ability of the foam to partially-infused with plasma and provide insight on the plasma-infusion process dependence on plasma properties. PPI is shown to be the key design parameter to create VCMs for specific plasma properties and infusion behavior. Additionally, a novel sputtering model is developed to accurately describe the sputtering distributions and trapping mechanisms of VCMs of different materials and energies. The model demonstrates a key milestone in the development of VCMs to reduce sputtering yield up to 70%. The aspect ratio is shown to be the primary driver for sputtering behavior in the plasma-facing region and can be used tailor a VCM for a specific application independent of PPI, which can be tailored for specific plasma properties. Additionally, the role of azimuthal instabilities in ExB systems on the PMI process is characterized. Characterization of the mode provides insight on the mode dependence on plasma properties, with implications for Hall thrusters, low-temperature plasma devices, and plasma-material interaction characterization of volumetrically-complex materials. Azimuthal instabilities must be accounted for as they are shown to be non-negligible in certain scenarios and significantly impact system dynamics via azimuthal velocity components.
Book Synopsis Physics and Applications of Complex Plasmas by : Sergey V. Vladimirov
Download or read book Physics and Applications of Complex Plasmas written by Sergey V. Vladimirov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the frontiers of physics and chemistry lies the new and rapidly emerging area of complex plasma systems. The study of complex plasma systems that contain colloid nano/microscopic particles is now actively pursued in a diverse range of scientific fields ? from plasma and gas discharge physics, to astrophysics, materials science and engineering.This book highlights, in a systematic, insightful, and perceptive way, the fundamental physics and industrial applications of complex plasmas, with emphasis on the conditions relevant to laboratory gas discharges and industrial plasma reactors. It provides a specialized and comprehensive description of the most recent theoretical, experimental, and modeling efforts to understand the unique properties of complex plasma systems involving the stability, dynamics, and self-organization of colloid particles and their associations. Special attention is focused on the physical understanding of up-to-date developments in major technological applications of micron and nano-sized particles.Each chapter is presented in a concise and comprehensive manner, with a categorized overview of the underlying physics followed by an in-depth description. The book will appeal to scientists and researchers as well as undergraduate and graduate students wishing to explore the flourishing interdisciplinary field of complex plasma systems.
Book Synopsis Plasma-Surface Interactions and Processing of Materials by : O Auciello
Download or read book Plasma-Surface Interactions and Processing of Materials written by O Auciello and published by . This book was released on 1990-01-31 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the processes involved in the basic and applied physics and chemistry of the interaction of plasmas with materials is vital to the evolution of technologies such as those relevant to microelectronics, fusion and space. The subjects dealt with in the book include: the physics and chemistry of plasmas, plasma diagnostics, physical sputtering and chemical etching, plasma assisted deposition of thin films, ion and electron bombardment, and plasma processing of inorganic and polymeric materials. The book represents a concentration of a substantial amount of knowledge acquired in this area - knowledge which was hitherto widely scattered throughout the literature - and thus establishes a baseline reference work for both established and tyro research workers.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics by : National Research Council
Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Electrons in Linear Plasma Devices and Its Impact on Plasma Surface Interaction by : Michael Hubeny
Download or read book The Dynamics of Electrons in Linear Plasma Devices and Its Impact on Plasma Surface Interaction written by Michael Hubeny and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Plasma Physics by : R.J Goldston
Download or read book Introduction to Plasma Physics written by R.J Goldston and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Plasma Physics is the standard text for an introductory lecture course on plasma physics. The text’s six sections lead readers systematically and comprehensively through the fundamentals of modern plasma physics. Sections on single-particle motion, plasmas as fluids, and collisional processes in plasmas lay the groundwork for a thorough understanding of the subject. The authors take care to place the material in its historical context for a rich understanding of the ideas presented. They also emphasize the importance of medical imaging in radiotherapy, providing a logical link to more advanced works in the area. The text includes problems, tables, and illustrations as well as a thorough index and a complete list of references.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion by : Dan M. Goebel
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion written by Dan M. Goebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-22 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. Now, the future has arrived. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and Hall thrusters. The authors provide an introduction to plasma physics in order to allow readers to understand the models and derivations used in determining electric thruster performance. They then go on to present detailed explanations of: Thruster principles Ion thruster plasma generators and accelerator grids Hollow cathodes Hall thrusters Ion and Hall thruster plumes Flight ion and Hall thrusters Based largely on research and development performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the aerospace industry. It also serves as an equally valuable resource for professional engineers already at work in the field.
Book Synopsis Femtochemistry VII by : Michele Kimble
Download or read book Femtochemistry VII written by Michele Kimble and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Femtochemistry VII presents the most recent developments in femtochemistry and highlights the significance of the field today. This book contains extracts from the proceedings, presentations and posters from the Femtochemistry VII conference, held in Washington D.C., on July 17-22, 2005. The stimulating conference was opened by Professor Ahmed Zewail (1999 Nobel Prize Winner), and as was evident by the attendees at the conference, had a very active program with the presentation of numerous talks and a large number of posters. This collection of papers reflects the remarkable progress that has been made in femtosecond spectroscopy, and especially to its emergence as a field of research devoted to chemistry and biology, giving rise to femtochemistry and femtobiology. Subjects covered include imaging, structural dynamics, and spectroscopies, fundamentals of reaction dynamics, salvation phenomenta, liquids and interfaces, aggregates/particles/surfaces, protein dynamics and photobiology, quantum control, and intense laser-matter interactions. Subjects covered by this book include imaging, structural dynamics, and spectroscopies; fundamentals of reaction dynamics; salvation phenomenta; liquids and interfaces; aggregates/particles/surfaces; protein dynamics and photobiology; quantum control; and intense laser-matter interactions. This book would appeal to chemists, physicists and biologists in the fields of atomic and molecular science. * Contains the most recent developments in Femtochemistry from the Femtochemistry VII conference* Highlights the significance of femtochemistry today* Displays extracts from the proceedings, presentations and posters from the conference
Download or read book Complex Plasmas written by Michael Bonitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-09 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with an introduction to the physics of complex plasmas, a discussion of the specific scientific and technical challenges they present and an overview of their potential technological applications. Complex plasmas differ from conventional high-temperature plasmas in several ways: they may contain additional species, including nano meter- to micrometer-sized particles, negative ions, molecules and radicals and they may exhibit strong correlations or quantum effects. This book introduces the classical and quantum mechanical approaches used to describe and simulate complex plasmas. It also covers some key experimental techniques used in the analysis of these plasmas, including calorimetric probe methods, IR absorption techniques and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The final part of the book reviews the emerging applications of microcavity and microchannel plasmas, the synthesis and assembly of nanomaterials through plasma electrochemistry, the large-scale generation of ozone using microplasmas and novel applications of atmospheric-pressure non-thermal plasmas in dentistry. Going beyond the scope of traditional plasma texts, the presentation is very well suited for senior undergraduate, graduate students and postdoctoral researchers specializing in plasma physics.
Book Synopsis Laser-Plasma Interactions by : Dino A. Jaroszynski
Download or read book Laser-Plasma Interactions written by Dino A. Jaroszynski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Solid Compendium of Advanced Diagnostic and Simulation ToolsExploring the most exciting and topical areas in this field, Laser-Plasma Interactions focuses on the interaction of intense laser radiation with plasma. After discussing the basic theory of the interaction of intense electromagnetic radiation fields with matter, the book covers three ap
Book Synopsis Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering by : Joseph J. S. Shang
Download or read book Plasma Dynamics for Aerospace Engineering written by Joseph J. S. Shang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive review and usable problem-solving techniques for aerospace engineering plasma applications.
Book Synopsis Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Metal Processing by : Christof Sommitsch
Download or read book Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Metal Processing written by Christof Sommitsch and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with metal processing and its numerical modelling and simulation. In total, 21 papers from different distinguished authors have been compiled in this area. Various processes are addressed, including solidification, TIG welding, additive manufacturing, hot and cold rolling, deep drawing, pipe deformation, and galvanizing. Material models are developed at different length scales from atomistic simulation to finite element analysis in order to describe the evolution and behavior of materials during thermal and thermomechanical treatment. Materials under consideration are carbon, Q&T, DP, and stainless steels; ductile iron; and aluminum, nickel-based, and titanium alloys. The developed models and simulations shall help to predict structure evolution, damage, and service behavior of advanced materials.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plasma Catalysis by : Annemie Bogaerts
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Book Synopsis Publications by : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Download or read book Publications written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.
