Plant Population Responses To Environmental Change And The Role Of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients

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Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients

Author : S. W. Doxford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (835 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients by : S. W. Doxford

Download or read book Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients written by S. W. Doxford and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental conditions drive the occurrence and growth of plant populations as well as the structure and composition of plant communities. Plant responses to change in their environment are the net outcome of species-specific life histories, biotic interactions and habitat requirements. Recently global climate change has increased the need to understand the relative importance of these processes in predicting risks of extinction within existing communities and invasion by alien species. Changes in the extent and limits of a species range are a typical response to environmental change. Large-scale distribution shifts are the outcome of colonisation and extinction linked to the performance of plants in local populations. Competition and facilitation between plants act in combination with environmental factors to determine plant performance and population growth at this scale. Changes in climate or habitat variables are also likely to have direct effects of on many life-history traits in plants affecting physiology, phenology and fitness. Here historical distribution records from two time periods are used to provide a long-term perspective on distribution change. I consider the evidence for contrasting models of distribution change in the British flora and find that the spread and dispersal of most species is spatially restricted, likely as a result of habitat constraints. There is also evidence of climate effects on distribution change for many of the species studied. The roles of competition and facilitation along environmental gradients are assessed in winter annuals in sand dunes. Plant-bryophyte and plant-plant interactions are studied using removal experiments across multiple years. The results show that there may be spatio-temporal variation in the strength and direction of interactions in consecutive years. There also species and population-specific responses to experimental temperature increase in annuals, which take the form of plasticity and adaptation depending on the traits measured. Temporal variability may be equally, or more, crucial to the performance and growth of annuals than the role of spatial gradients in environmental quality.

Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients

Author : Simon Doxford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients by : Simon Doxford

Download or read book Plant Population Responses to Environmental Change and the Role of Biotic Interactions Along Environmental Gradients written by Simon Doxford and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Vegetation Ecology

Author : Eddy van der Maarel
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118452488
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis Vegetation Ecology by : Eddy van der Maarel

Download or read book Vegetation Ecology written by Eddy van der Maarel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-24 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/vandermaarelfranklin/vegetationecology. Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive, integrated account of plant communities and their environments. Written by leading experts in their field from four continents, the second edition of this book: covers the composition, structure, ecology, dynamics, diversity, biotic interactions and distribution of plant communities, with an emphasis on functional adaptations; reviews modern developments in vegetation ecology in a historical perspective; presents a coherent view on vegetation ecology while integrating population ecology, dispersal biology, soil biology, ecosystem ecology and global change studies; tackles applied aspects of vegetation ecology, including management of communities and invasive species; includes new chapters addressing the classification and mapping of vegetation, and the significance of plant functional types Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is aimed at advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers and teachers in plant ecology, geography, forestry and nature conservation. Vegetation Ecology takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach and will be welcomed as an essential reference for plant ecologists the world over.

Positive Plant Interactions and Community Dynamics

Author : Francisco Pugnaire
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439859272
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Positive Plant Interactions and Community Dynamics by : Francisco Pugnaire

Download or read book Positive Plant Interactions and Community Dynamics written by Francisco Pugnaire and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-02-09 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since the concept of the "struggle for life" became the heart of Darwin's theory of evolution, biologists have studied the relevance of interactions for the natural history and evolution of organisms. Although positive interactions among plants have traditionally received little attention, there is now a growing body of evidence showing the ef

Positive Interactions and Interdependence in Plant Communities

Author : Ragan M. Callaway
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402062249
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Positive Interactions and Interdependence in Plant Communities by : Ragan M. Callaway

Download or read book Positive Interactions and Interdependence in Plant Communities written by Ragan M. Callaway and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-28 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book marshals ecological literature from the last century on facilitation to make the case against the widely accepted individualistic notion of community organization. It examines the idea that positive interactions are more prevalent in physically stressful conditions. Coverage also includes species specificity in facilitative interactions, indirect facilitative interactions, and potential evolutionary aspects of positive interactions.

Competition and Coexistence

Author : Ulrich Sommer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642561667
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Competition and Coexistence by : Ulrich Sommer

Download or read book Competition and Coexistence written by Ulrich Sommer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question "Why are there so many species?" has puzzled ecologist for a long time. Initially, an academic question, it has gained practical interest by the recent awareness of global biodiversity loss. Species diversity in local ecosystems has always been discussed in relation to the problem of competi tive exclusion and the apparent contradiction between the competitive exclu sion principle and the overwhelming richness of species found in nature. Competition as a mechanism structuring ecological communities has never been uncontroversial. Not only its importance but even its existence have been debated. On the one extreme, some ecologists have taken competi tion for granted and have used it as an explanation by default if the distribu tion of a species was more restricted than could be explained by physiology and dispersal history. For decades, competition has been a core mechanism behind popular concepts like ecological niche, succession, limiting similarity, and character displacement, among others. For some, competition has almost become synonymous with the Darwinian "struggle for existence", although simple plausibility should tell us that organisms have to struggle against much more than competitors, e.g. predators, parasites, pathogens, and envi ronmental harshness.

Effects of Climate Change on Insects

Author : Daniel González-Tokman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192679147
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate Change on Insects by : Daniel González-Tokman

Download or read book Effects of Climate Change on Insects written by Daniel González-Tokman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-07 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic climate change is the defining environmental challenge of this century, posing an existential threat not only to humans but also to the vast array of plants and animals that inhabit our planet. Among these, insects reign as the largest and most diverse group of organisms, playing critical roles in nutrient cycling, pollination, seed dispersal, and population control of other species. Additionally, they serve as a vital food source for various taxa and act as vectors for numerous human diseases. This comprehensive but accessible text delves into the intricate world of these remarkable creatures, with a focus extending beyond economically or medically significant species to encompass non-model organisms. In so doing, it uncovers valuable insights into the implications posed by climate change on global insect populations. The book reviews the conceptual approaches and most significant advances in our current understanding of insect physiology, genetics, ecology, evolution, and conservation within the ongoing and rapidly developing context of global anthropogenic climate change. In addition to presenting historical information about climate change effects on insects, it synthesizes the available knowledge concerning the impact of climate change on insect populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. Furthermore, it identifies the most relevant topics and promising methodological approaches for further research in this crucial field. Effects of Climate Change on Insects has been written to engage a diverse audience, catering to the curiosity of both students and researchers seeking knowledge on the critical subject of insect responses to climate change. As the field continues to grow in importance, it will be an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to comprehend the intricate interplay between these fascinating creatures and our ever-changing world.

Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128014334
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics by :

Download or read book Eco-Evolutionary Dynamics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings Written by leading experts in the field Highlights areas for future investigation

Plant Invasions

Author : Anna Traveset
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1789242177
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Invasions by : Anna Traveset

Download or read book Plant Invasions written by Anna Traveset and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many books on aspects of plant invasions, but none that focus on the key role of species interactions in mediating invasions. This book reviews exciting new findings and explores how new methods and tools are shedding new light on crucial processes in plant invasions. This book will be of interest to academics and students of ecology, researchers engaged in developing management solutions, scientific managers of natural ecosystems, and policy-makers.

Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323139272
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants by :

Download or read book Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a new emerging interest in the effects of gaps and patches on succession and biodiversity. This innovative volume is a synthesis of studies of plant responses to temporal and spatial heterogeneity, the exploitation of resources from pulses and patches by plants, and their competition with neighbors in the face of this variability.Aboveground, the book focuses upon the nature of canopy patchiness, consequences of this heterogeneity for the light environment, and the mechanisms by which plants respond to and exploit this patchiness. Belowground, the text explores the heterogeneity of soil environments and how root systems obtain nutrients and water in the context of this temporal and spatial variability. As a new reference in an evolving and growing field, this text is sure to be a valuable tool for researchers and advanced students in plant physiology, ecology, agronomy, and forestry alike.

Old-field Community Response to Multiple Interacting Factors of Global Change

Author : Elizabeth Cayenne Engel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (635 download)

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Book Synopsis Old-field Community Response to Multiple Interacting Factors of Global Change by : Elizabeth Cayenne Engel

Download or read book Old-field Community Response to Multiple Interacting Factors of Global Change written by Elizabeth Cayenne Engel and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communities are structured by many factors including abiotic factors such as resource availability, and biotic interactions. Climatic and atmospheric change will affect the composition of plant communities through multiple interacting biotic and abiotic factors. Literature on the effects of single factors on plant communities is abundant yet there have been few experiments examining the effects of multiple abiotic factors associated with climate change. Moreover, plant communities are not controlled solely by environmental conditions, but by biotic interactions such as competition and facilitation. In this thesis, I used a field experiment to examine the effects of elevated [CO2], warming, and soil moisture on in-situ old-field plant communities (Chapter 2). In addition, I conducted a separate field experiment to examine the competitive relationships among the constituent species to test whether an experimentally derived competitive hierarchy can predict relative abundances of species within plant communities (Chapter 3). I examined plant community responses to treatments of elevated [CO2] (+300 ppm), warming (+3 degrees C), and soil moisture availability applied to experimental plots within open-top chambers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In 2002, we constructed plots with plant communities consisting of seven common old-field species, including grasses, forbs, and legumes. Beginning in 2003, we tracked foliar cover, density and recruitment, and reproductive phenology for each plant species, and determined changes in community diversity and evenness over the course of two growing seasons. We observed few interactive effects of treatments on plant abundance. Most of the observed plant responses to treatments were responses to single factors. Species-specific foliar cover was most strongly influenced by warming: warming reduced foliar cover of Trifolium pratense and Dactylis glomerata, but increased foliar cover of Andropogon virginicus and Solidgao canadensis. Foliar cover of Dactylis glomerata was lower in dry plots than in wet plots. During the second full growing season, plant species diversity, evenness, and richness were at least 10% lower in wet plots, where total foliar cover and dominance were greater than in dry plots. Interactive effects of treatments appeared only toward the end of the second growing season. For example, late in the growing season of 2004, cover of Dactylis was four times greater within wet plots under ambient temperatures than in all other treatment combinations (temperature x water interaction; P less than 0.02).

Plants and Climate Change

Author : Jelte Rozema
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402044437
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Plants and Climate Change by : Jelte Rozema

Download or read book Plants and Climate Change written by Jelte Rozema and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on how climate affects or affected the biosphere and vice versa both in the present and in the past. The chapters describe how ecosystems from the Antarctic and Arctic, and from other latitudes, respond to global climate change. The papers highlight plant responses to atmospheric CO2 increase, to global warming and to increased ultraviolet-B radiation as a result of stratospheric ozone depletion.

Mutualistic Networks

Author : Jordi Bascompte
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691131260
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Mutualistic Networks by : Jordi Bascompte

Download or read book Mutualistic Networks written by Jordi Bascompte and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mutualistic interactions among plants and animals have played a paramount role in shaping biodiversity. Yet the majority of studies on mutualistic interactions have involved only a few species, as opposed to broader mutual connections between communities of organisms. Mutualistic Networks is the first book to comprehensively explore this burgeoning field. Integrating different approaches, from the statistical description of network structures to the development of new analytical frameworks, Jordi Bascompte and Pedro Jordano describe the architecture of these mutualistic networks and show their importance for the robustness of biodiversity and the coevolutionary process. Making a case for why we should care about mutualisms and their complex networks, this book offers a new perspective on the study and synthesis of this growing area for ecologists and evolutionary biologists. It will serve as the standard reference for all future work on mutualistic interactions in biological communities.

Humans as Components of Ecosystems

Author : Mark J. McDonnell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461209056
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Humans as Components of Ecosystems by : Mark J. McDonnell

Download or read book Humans as Components of Ecosystems written by Mark J. McDonnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the importance to ecological studies of incorporating humans and their effects on ecosystems, leading experts from a variety of disciplines address a number of important issues, including: * the prominent role of humans in the function of ecosystems on Earth * why humans have been ignored in ecological studies * approaches taken by social scientists, historians, geographers, economists, and anthropologists in the study of human activities * the emergence of a new ecological paradigm accommodating human activities * methods for studying subtle human effects, and human- populated ecosystems * future research and training required to include humans effectively as components of ecological systems. Of interest to students and researchers in ecology, and to policy-makers and environmental managers. In addition, it makes social scientists aware of new opportunties for integrating their ideas with those of ecologists.

Landscape Boundaries

Author : Andrew J. Hansen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461228042
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscape Boundaries by : Andrew J. Hansen

Download or read book Landscape Boundaries written by Andrew J. Hansen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of landscape ecology during the 1980s represents an impor tant maturation of ecological theory. Once enamored with the conceptual beauty of well-balanced, homogeneous ecosystems, ecologists now assert that much of the essence of ecological systems lies in their lumpiness. Patches with differing properties and behaviors lie strewn across the land scape, products of the complex interactions of climate, disturbance, and biotic processes. It is the collective behavior of this patchwork of eco systems that drives pattern and process of the landscape. is not an end point This realization of the importance of patch dynamics in itself, however. Rather, it is a passage to a new conceptual framework, the internal workings of which remain obscure. The next tier of questions includes: What are the fundamental pieces that compose a landscape? How are these pieces bounded? To what extent do these boundaries influence communication and interaction among patches of the landscape? Will con sideration of the interactions among landscape elements help us to under stand the workings of landscapes? At the core of these questions lies the notion of the ecotone, a term with a lineage that even predates ecosystem. Late in the nineteenth century, F. E. Clements realized that the transition zones between plant communi ties had properties distinct from either of the adjacent communities. Not until the emergence of patch dynamics theory, however, has central signif icance of the ecotone concept become apparent.

Food Webs

Author : John C. Moore
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107182115
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Webs by : John C. Moore

Download or read book Food Webs written by John C. Moore and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new approaches to studying food webs, using practical and policy examples to demonstrate the theory behind ecosystem management decisions.

Plant Responses to the Environment

Author : Peter M. Gresshoff
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849382635
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Responses to the Environment by : Peter M. Gresshoff

Download or read book Plant Responses to the Environment written by Peter M. Gresshoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-07-23 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Responses to the Environment covers the fundamental mechanisms of plant responses to biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli. By combining established disciplines like physiology and genetics with new approaches stemming from molecular biology and biophysics, a new synthesis is achieved. For example, this book deals with the effects of microgravity on plant development, and it provides an extensive analysis of plant perception and response to low oxygen and high ozone. New techniques such as those used for gene transfer using the biolistic gene gun approach in soybeans are described. Other topics considered include systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants and recent advances in understanding how legume roots perceive bacterial lipooligosaccharide signals. A glossary, subject index, and author index are also provided. Plant Responses to the Environment will be a valuable reference for plant physiologists, ecophysiologists, agronomists, plant molecular biologists, experimental botanists, and other researchers interested in the topic.