Planned Economies

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An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe

Author : Ivan T. Berend
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139452649
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe by : Ivan T. Berend

Download or read book An Economic History of Twentieth-Century Europe written by Ivan T. Berend and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-20 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major history of economic regimes and economic performance throughout the twentieth century. Ivan T. Berend looks at the historic development of the twentieth-century European economy, examining both its failures and its successes in responding to the challenges of this crisis-ridden and troubled but highly successful age. The book surveys the European economy's chronological development, the main factors of economic growth, and the various economic regimes that were invented and introduced in Europe during the twentieth century. Professor Berend shows how the vast disparity between the European regions that had characterized earlier periods gradually began to disappear during the course of the twentieth century as more and more countries reached a more or less similar level of economic development. This accessible book will be required reading for students in European economic history, economics, and modern European history.

Models of Disequilibrium and Shortage in Centrally Planned Economies

Author : C.M. Davis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400908237
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Models of Disequilibrium and Shortage in Centrally Planned Economies by : C.M. Davis

Download or read book Models of Disequilibrium and Shortage in Centrally Planned Economies written by C.M. Davis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The centrally planned economies (CPEs) of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have experienced severe imbalances in domestic and external markets over the past several decades. As a result, they have been chronically afflicted by problems such as excess demand, repressed inflation, deficits of commodities, queues, waiting lists, and forced savings. Economists have responded to these phenomena by developing appropriate theoretical and empirical models of CPEs. Of particular note have been the pioneering studies of Richard Portes on disequilibrium econometric models and Janos Kornai on the shortage economy. Each approach has attracted followers who have produced numerous, innovative macro- and microeconomic models of Poland, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic, Hungary, and the USSR. These models have proved to be of considerable value in the analysis of the causes, consequences and remedies of disequilibrium phenomena. Inevitably, the new research has also generated controversies both between and within the schools of shortage and disequilibrium modelling, concerning the fundamental nature of the socialist economy, theoretical concepts and definitions, the specification of models, estimation techniques, interpretation of empirical findings, and policy recommend ations. Furthermore, the research effort has been energetic but incomplete, so many gaps exist in the field.

Problems of the Planned Economy

Author : John Eatwell
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349208639
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis Problems of the Planned Economy by : John Eatwell

Download or read book Problems of the Planned Economy written by John Eatwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-07-23 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an excerpt from the 4-volume dictionary of economics, a reference book which aims to define the subject of economics today. 1300 subject entries in the complete work cover the broad themes of economic theory. This extract concentrates on problems encountered in a planned economy.

The People's Republic of Walmart

Author : Leigh Phillips
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 178663516X
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (866 download)

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Book Synopsis The People's Republic of Walmart by : Leigh Phillips

Download or read book The People's Republic of Walmart written by Leigh Phillips and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2019-03-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are multi-national corporations like Walmart and Amazon laying the groundwork for international socialism? For the left and the right, major multinational companies are held up as the ultimate expressions of free-market capitalism. Their remarkable success appears to vindicate the old idea that modern society is too complex to be subjected to a plan. And yet, as Leigh Phillips and Michal Rozworski argue, much of the economy of the West is centrally planned at present. Not only is planning on vast scales possible, we already have it and it works. The real question is whether planning can be democratic. Can it be transformed to work for us? An engaging, polemical romp through economic theory, computational complexity, and the history of planning, The People’s Republic of Walmart revives the conversation about how society can extend democratic decision-making to all economic matters. With the advances in information technology in recent decades and the emergence of globe-straddling collective enterprises, democratic planning in the interest of all humanity is more important and closer to attainment than ever before.

Planned Economies

Author : International Committee for Soviet and East European Studies
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521344616
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Planned Economies by : International Committee for Soviet and East European Studies

Download or read book Planned Economies written by International Committee for Soviet and East European Studies and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 1989 collection of ten essays, originally published in 1989, by leading scholars of the time, written from an economic standpoint.

Centrally Planned Economies

Author : Libor Žídek
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429874650
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Centrally Planned Economies by : Libor Žídek

Download or read book Centrally Planned Economies written by Libor Žídek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a retrospective view of how the system operated in Communist Czechoslovakia, this book is an important voice in the discussion about the systems of central planning. The unique features of the book include in-depth research comprising both archival records and analyses of around 75 interviews conducted with period managers across a wide range of management levels. They provided evidence of pervasive inefficiency resulting in appalling economic outcomes. The book begins with a background to the politico-sociological system in Czechoslovakia and proceeds to describe the Marxist-Leninist ideological foundation of the regime, which underpinned the formal setting of the Czechoslovak model. These initial chapters set the context for the subsequent analysis of the real functioning of the system. The book explores the economic outcomes that must be understood as a natural consequence of the ways in which this system operated. The author finishes by answering the important question of why centrally planned economies trailed behind the market economies. The book’s unique use of the interview research format brings a vivid, close-up view of the everyday economic life in the centrally planned system. This will be a valuable contribution to the discussion surrounding the day-to-day reality of the system, which was found to be more colourful than is generally deemed. The book will appeal to both economic historians and students of economic history. A warning against repeating past mistakes, this book will also be of interest to those seeking a greater knowledge of the realities and consequences of centrally planned economies.

Taxation in Centrally Planned Economies

Author : P. T. Wanless
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780815364597
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (645 download)

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Book Synopsis Taxation in Centrally Planned Economies by : P. T. Wanless

Download or read book Taxation in Centrally Planned Economies written by P. T. Wanless and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists studying comparative economic systems have generally neglected the important question of taxation in socialist countries. This is somewhat surprising since taxation plays an important role in the regulation of economic activity in these countries. This book, first published in 1985, aims to restore the study of taxation to its rightful role in comparative economic studies. It stresses the importance of taxation and the state budget and argues that these are tools of economic policy which complement central economic planning.

The Plans That Failed

Author : André Steiner
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 178238314X
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis The Plans That Failed by : André Steiner

Download or read book The Plans That Failed written by André Steiner and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The establishment of the Communist social model in one part of Germany was a result of international postwar developments, of the Cold War waged by East and West, and of the resultant partition of Germany. As the author argues, the GDR’s ‘new’ society was deliberately conceived as a counter-model to the liberal and marketregulated system. Although the hopes connected with this alternative system turned out to be misplaced and the planned economy may be thoroughly discredited today, it is important to understand the context in which it developed and failed. This study, a bestseller in its German version, offers an in-depth exploration of the GDR economy’s starting conditions and the obstacles to growth it confronted during the consolidation phase. These factors, however, were not decisive in the GDR’s lack of growth compared to that of the Federal Republic. As this study convincingly shows, it was the economic model that led to failure.

The Labour Party and the Planned Economy, 1931-1951

Author : Richard Toye
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer
ISBN 13 : 0861932625
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis The Labour Party and the Planned Economy, 1931-1951 by : Richard Toye

Download or read book The Labour Party and the Planned Economy, 1931-1951 written by Richard Toye and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2003 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of Labour's 1931 pledge to create a planned socialist economy and the reasons for its failure to do so. In the general election of 1931, the Labour Party campaigned on the slogan "Plan or Perish". The party's pledge to create a planned socialist economy was a novelty, and marked the rejection of the gradualist, evolutionary socialism to which Labour had adhered under the leadership of Ramsay MacDonald. Although heavily defeated in that election, Labour stuck to its commitment. The Attlee government came to power in 1945 determined to plan comprehensively. Yet, the aspiration to create a fully planned economy was not met. This book explores the origins and evolution of the promise, in order to explain why it was not fulfilled. RICHARD TOYE lectures in history at Homerton College, Cambridge.

Socialism, Capitalism and Alternatives

Author : Peter J. S. Duncan
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1787353834
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Socialism, Capitalism and Alternatives by : Peter J. S. Duncan

Download or read book Socialism, Capitalism and Alternatives written by Peter J. S. Duncan and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1989 the Berlin Wall came down. Two years later the Soviet Union disintegrated. The collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union discredited the idea of socialism for generations to come. It was seen as representing the final and irreversible victory of capitalism. This triumphal dominance was barely challenged until the 2008 financial crisis threw the Western world into a state of turmoil. Through analysis of post-socialist Russia and Central and Eastern Europe, as well as of the United Kingdom, China and the United States, Socialism, Capitalism and Alternatives confronts the difficulty we face in articulating alternatives to capitalism, socialism and threatening populist regimes. Beginning with accounts of the impact of capitalism on countries left behind by the planned economies, the volume moves on to consider how China has become a beacon of dynamic economic growth, aggressively expanding its global influence. The final section of the volume poses alternatives to the ideological dominance of neoliberalism in the West. Since the 2008 financial crisis, demands for social change have erupted across the world. Exposing the failure of neoliberalism in the United Kingdom and examining recent social movements in Europe and the United States, the closing chapters identify how elements of past ideas are re-emerging, among them Keynesianism and radical socialism. As those chapters indicate, these ideas might well have potential to mobilise support and challenge the dominance of neoliberalism.

Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies

Author : William Jefferies
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317594924
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies by : William Jefferies

Download or read book Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies written by William Jefferies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1991 "Communism" collapsed. The cold war was over and the West had won. Whole cities, Moscow, St Petersburg, Warsaw, Beijing, Budapest and Bucharest, whole countries indeed, were privatised for nothing or next to nothing. This was probably the greatest expansion of the world market in history. And yet, according to national income measurements of the CIA, OECD, World Bank and IMF, this gigantic expansion of market production, led to a decline in market production in the very countries where it was introduced. How to explain this paradox? This book traces the origin of the West’s national income measurements, from their origin in the 1923/4 Balance developed in the USSR, to the USA in the early 1930s via two Soviet exiles, Simon Kuznets and Wassily Leontief, and then back to the USSR again, after a vigorous debate, through a protégé of Kuznets, Abram Bergson. The AFC imputed national incomes to a centrally planned economy, based on physical not income measurements. This book provides a detailed assessment of the failure of the AFC method to measure the real growth of actual market production during the transition period. This book provides a detailed account of the application of national income measurements to the centrally planned economies. It assesses all of the major contributors to this debate, including Colin Clark, Naum Jasny, Alexander Gerschenkron, G.Warren Nutter and Abram Bergson. It provides a new much higher, estimate of the expansion of market production during the transition period, based on an estimate of the actual growth of real market production. It discusses the very significant implications of this re-estimate for contemporary theories of globalisation.

Banking and Financial Control in Reforming Planned Economies

Author : Haiqun Yang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349244708
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis Banking and Financial Control in Reforming Planned Economies by : Haiqun Yang

Download or read book Banking and Financial Control in Reforming Planned Economies written by Haiqun Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the banking system reforms with particular reference to centrally planned economies. The book reviews the socialist banking reforms and analyses their financial problems. Employing a critical exposition of banking theories, it assesses current financial disorders and takes issue with some established theories.

The Planned Economies and International Economic Organizations

Author : Jozef M. Brabant
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521383509
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (835 download)

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Book Synopsis The Planned Economies and International Economic Organizations by : Jozef M. Brabant

Download or read book The Planned Economies and International Economic Organizations written by Jozef M. Brabant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-04-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive study of the role of socialist countries within the international economic order. The author presents an overview of the emergence of the postwar economic order and examines the key features of three kinds of centrally planned economies. He then analyzes the role of financial frameworks and the international trade system in ensuring smooth economic relations among market-type economies and he details the problems of associating typical CPEs within them. Finally Jozef van Brabant explores the possibility of reconstituting a multilateral economic order that can provide greater security, predictability, stability and reliability in international economic relations. The Planned Economies and International Economic Organizations is written at a time when the Soviet Union and other centrally planned economies are seeking closer links with the mainstream world economy. It will therefore be of interest to governments and institutional economists as well as to students and specialists of Soviet and East European studies, international relations and comparative economics.

Plans and Disequilibria in Centrally Planned Economies

Author : W. Charemza
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483297470
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Plans and Disequilibria in Centrally Planned Economies by : W. Charemza

Download or read book Plans and Disequilibria in Centrally Planned Economies written by W. Charemza and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to investigate interrelations between planning mechanisms and disequilibria in a case where the planning decisions are centralized and are exogenously given to enterprises. The first introductory chapter is intended to provide an understanding of Poland's economic situation during the period under research. In the next five chapters the basic model, describing the households-planners relations in terms of consumption, labour, money and plans are derived, estimated, used for calculation of excess demands, for simulation of some monetary policies, and, finally, for providing optimal control experiments in which consumption excess demand is minimized on a reasonable level of the consumption volume. In the next two chapters the basic model is gradually extended, and the last chapter summarizes the results by formulating a more effective macroeconomic policy.

Topics in Trade Coordination of Planned Economies

Author : Alfred Zauberman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349057533
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis Topics in Trade Coordination of Planned Economies by : Alfred Zauberman

Download or read book Topics in Trade Coordination of Planned Economies written by Alfred Zauberman and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980-06-18 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Reforming Planned Economies in an Integrating World Economy

Author : Barry P. Bosworth
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815791317
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Planned Economies in an Integrating World Economy by : Barry P. Bosworth

Download or read book Reforming Planned Economies in an Integrating World Economy written by Barry P. Bosworth and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2000-07-26 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The still chaotic states of the former Soviet Union, a growing China, and the divergent nations of Eastern Europe are striving to radically transform their economies. In their quest to become more integrated with the global economy, they are making historic changes to move toward market-based, private-enterprise systems. In this book, Barry P. Bosworth and Gur Ofer provide a balanced assessment of the progress of integration among the formerly centrally planned economies. So far, the results of the reform process range from amazing success in China to economic and political disarray in the states of the former Soviet Union. The authors outline the key issues that any successful reform program must address and the sequence in which these reforms should take place. A volume of Brookings' Integrating National Economies Series

Budgetary Subsidies in Centrally Planned Economies in Transition

Author : Mr.Robert Holzmann
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451925883
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Budgetary Subsidies in Centrally Planned Economies in Transition by : Mr.Robert Holzmann

Download or read book Budgetary Subsidies in Centrally Planned Economies in Transition written by Mr.Robert Holzmann and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes budgetary subsidy policy issues that arise when centrally planned economies move toward a market economy. The analysis suggests that subsidy reduction, to be successful, has to be embedded into an overall economic reform program and that during the program’s execution, former implicit subsidies are likely to become budgetized. Furthermore, additional pressure on the budget, caused by enterprise restructuring or the introduction of social safety net provisions, necessitates careful policy design. Comprehensive budgetary reform is required to prevent budgetary slippages during the transition process.