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Physiochemical Properties And Environmental Levels Of Legacy And Novel Brominated Flame Retardants
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Book Synopsis Physiochemical Properties and Environmental Levels of Legacy and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants by : Layla Salih Al-Omran
Download or read book Physiochemical Properties and Environmental Levels of Legacy and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants written by Layla Salih Al-Omran and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and ,Äònovel,Äô brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) are synthetic chemicals widely used in consumer products to enhance their ignition resistance. Since in most applications, these chemicals are used additively, they can transfer from such products into the environment. PBDEs have been classified as significant pollutants in the environment. Knowledge of PBDE and NBFR physicochemical properties provides information about their potential environmental fate and behaviour. This chapter highlights the most important physiochemical properties such as molecular weight, vapour pressure, octanol/air partitioning coefficient, octanol/water partition coefficient, water solubility and organic carbon/water partitioning coefficient that influence the distribution pattern of these contaminants in the environment. In addition, this chapter provides an evaluation of the concentrations of these chemicals in various environmental media such as indoor and outdoor air, indoor dust, soil and sediment, sewage sludge, biota and food, and human tissues.
Book Synopsis Brominated Flame Retardants by : Ethel Eljarrat
Download or read book Brominated Flame Retardants written by Ethel Eljarrat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-04-15 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brominated flame retardants are one of the last classes of halogenated compounds that are still being produced worldwide and used in large quantities in many applications. They are used in plastics, textiles, electronic circuitry, and other materials to prevent fires. This volume covers the state-of-the-art of the analysis, fate and behaviour of brominated flame retardants. Experts in the field provide an overview of the compounds’ physico-chemical properties and uses, their occurrence in the environment and biota, advanced chemical analytical methods, degradation studies, toxicological effects and human exposure. This book is a valuable and comprehensive source of information for environmental scientists interested in brominated flame retardant issues, and for authorities and producers.
Book Synopsis Flame Retardants by : Dr. Fahmina Zafar
Download or read book Flame Retardants written by Dr. Fahmina Zafar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flame retardants reduce the risk of fire by decreasing the combustion rate and flame propagation in the presence of fire, leading to the prevention and control of fire. Flame Retardants is divided into four sections: section 1 consists of the introduction, section 2 discusses properties, Section 3 comprises nanocomposites, and section 4 includes computational analysis. The book will be useful for scientists and researchers interested in the field of fire control.
Book Synopsis Brominated Flame Retardants: A Burning Issue by :
Download or read book Brominated Flame Retardants: A Burning Issue written by and published by Am Cncl on Science, Health. This book was released on with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) in the Nordic Environment by : Martin Schlabach
Download or read book Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) in the Nordic Environment written by Martin Schlabach and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present report describe the results of screening analyses of the occurrence of "new" brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in environmental samples from the Nordic countries. The aim of the screening was to establish whether, and if then to what extent, the non-polybrominated diphenyl eters BFRs are present at detectable levels in the environment. If the substances subjected for screening are found in amounts which are potentially harmful for the environment this will be followed up on national level. The Nordic screening project is run by a project group with representatives from the National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus Denmark, the Finnish Environment Institute, the Environment and Food Agency of Iceland, the Environment Agency of the Faroe Islands, the Norwegian Climate and Pollution Agency and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The project is supported by the Nordic Chemicals Group and the Aquatic Ecosystems Group as well as the participating institutions. The chemical analyses have been carried out jointly by the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) and the Swedish Environmental Research Institute (IVL).
Book Synopsis Flame Retardants by : Paulo B. Merlani
Download or read book Flame Retardants written by Paulo B. Merlani and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flame retardants comprise a diverse group of chemicals which are widely used at relatively high concentrations in many applications, including the manufacture of electronic equipment, textiles, plastic polymers and in the car industry, primarily to protect materials against ignition and to prevent fire-related damage. More than 175 different types of flame retardants exist, which are commonly divided into four major groups: halogenated organic (usually brominated or chlorinated), inorganic, organophosphorus and nitrogen-containing flame retardants. Depending on the mode of action, flame retardants can act at any of the steps involved in the combustion process. Flame retardants are designed to prevent the spread of fire and have thereby helped to save many lives while also dramatically reducing the economic impact of fires. However, flame retardants, particularly the class known as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE's), may be contributing to the rising prevalence of developmental disabilities due to their widespread use and physiologically active properties including direct neurotoxicity and endocrine disruption. This new and important book gathers the latest research from around the globe in the study of flame retardants and their functions, properties and safety.
Book Synopsis Environmental Fate and Toxicity of Three Brominated Flame Retardants in Aquatic Mesocosms by : Benjamin De Jourdan
Download or read book Environmental Fate and Toxicity of Three Brominated Flame Retardants in Aquatic Mesocosms written by Benjamin De Jourdan and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) in the Nordic Environment by : Andersson
Download or read book Brominated Flame Retardants (BFR) in the Nordic Environment written by Andersson and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Levels of Brominated Flame Retardants in Humans and Their Environment by : Marie Karlsson
Download or read book Levels of Brominated Flame Retardants in Humans and Their Environment written by Marie Karlsson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309491215 Total Pages :103 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book A Class Approach to Hazard Assessment of Organohalogen Flame Retardants written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1970s, flame retardants began to be added to synthetic materials to meet strict flammability standards. Over the years, diverse flame retardants have been manufactured and used in various products. Some flame retardants have migrated out of the products, and this has led to widespread human exposure and environmental contamination. There also is mounting evidence that many flame retardants are associated with adverse human health effects. As a result, some flame retardants have been banned, restricted, or voluntarily phased out of production and use. This publication develops a scientifically based scoping plan to assess additive, nonpolymeric organohalogen flame retardants as a class for potential chronic health hazards under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, including cancer, birth defects, and gene mutations.
Book Synopsis Emerging Freshwater Pollutants by : Tatenda Dalu
Download or read book Emerging Freshwater Pollutants written by Tatenda Dalu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-01-29 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Freshwater Pollutants: Analysis, Fate and Regulations comprises of 20 chapters, all written by leading experts. This book is written in the most practical terms and is easy to understand, with numerous helpful examples and case studies and can be used as a practical guide and important educational tool on issues concerning freshwater emerging pollutants. The organisation of the book exposes the reader in logical succession to the full range of complex scientific and management aspects of emerging freshwater pollutants in the developing world. The book recognises that water chemistry, emerging freshwater pollutants and management are inter-dependent disciplines. The book covers (i) the different monitoring techniques, current analytical approaches and instrumental analyses, (ii) fate and occurrence of emerging pollutants in aquatic systems and (iii) management policies and legislations on emerging pollutants. Thus, subsequent chapters elucidate chemicals with pollution potential, multi-detection approaches to analysis of organic pollutants in water, microplastics effects and photochemical transformation of emerging pollutants in freshwater systems. Whereas, other chapters address oxidation of organic compounds in aquatic systems, biomonitoring systems for detection of toxic levels of water pollutants, and health aspects of water recycling practices. This book melds several different perspectives on the subject of freshwater emerging pollutants and shows the interrelationships between the various professions that deal with water quality issues. Further, within the presentation of each separate chapter is discussion of how the various scientific and management aspects of the subject interrelate. Includes case studies and practical examples in each chapter Presents a much-needed interdisciplinary approach, representing the overlap between water chemistry and emerging freshwater pollutants Provides a thorough introduction to emerging tropical and freshwater pollutants that typically occur in these systems
Book Synopsis Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals, Second Edition by : Donald Mackay
Download or read book Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals, Second Edition written by Donald Mackay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport and transformation processes are key for determining how humans and other organisms are exposed to chemicals. These processes are largely controlled by the chemicals’ physical-chemical properties. This new edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is a comprehensive series in four volumes that serves as a reference source for environmentally relevant physical-chemical property data of numerous groups of chemical substances. The handbook contains physical-chemical property data from peer-reviewed journals and other valuable sources on over 1200 chemicals of environmental concern. The handbook contains new data on the temperature dependence of selected physical-chemical properties, which allows scientists and engineers to perform better chemical assessments for climatic conditions outside the 20–25-degree range for which property values are generally reported. This second edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is an essential reference for university libraries, regulatory agencies, consultants, and industry professionals, particularly those concerned with chemical synthesis, emissions, fate, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, exposure, and biological effects of chemicals in the environment. This resource is also available on CD-ROM
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook by : Alexander B. Morgan
Download or read book The Non-halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook written by Alexander B. Morgan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop, practical handbook containing all of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardant technologies as well as experimental systems near commercialization In response to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardants with alternate technologies, this handbook focuses on existing non-halogenated flame retardants and the experimental close-to-production systems that are available today. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook starts with an overview of the regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenated flame retardant selections over older halogenated technologies. It then moves on to cover the known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants, before concluding with the current niche-performing technologies and untried commercial contenders of the future. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook: Takes a practical approach to addressing the narrow subject of non-halogenated flame retardancy—placing more emphasis on flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practical considerations in flame retardant material design, and the various technologies’ strengths and limits Focuses on the proper use of non-halogenated flame retardants, rather than the mechanics of how they work Discusses important future trends in flame retardancy Features sections written by industrial and chemical experts who know how to apply the technology to polymers for fire safety needs
Book Synopsis Factors Influencing Human Exposure Assessments of Legacy and 'novel' Brominated Flame Retardants Via Indoor Dust Ingestion by : Layla Salih Zaalan Al-Omran
Download or read book Factors Influencing Human Exposure Assessments of Legacy and 'novel' Brominated Flame Retardants Via Indoor Dust Ingestion written by Layla Salih Zaalan Al-Omran and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites by : Alexander B. Morgan
Download or read book Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites written by Alexander B. Morgan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-04-06 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flame Retardant Polymer Nanocomposites takes a comprehensive look at polymer nanocomposites for flame retardancy applications and includes nanocomposite fundamentals (theory, design, synthesis, characterization) as well as polymer flammability fundamentals with emphasis on how nanocomposites affect flammability. The book has practical examples from literature, patents, and existing commercial products. Readers can design new work based upon the material in the book or use it as a handy reference for interpreting existing work and results.
Book Synopsis Novel Halogenated and Organophosphate Flame Retardants by : Daniela Serodio
Download or read book Novel Halogenated and Organophosphate Flame Retardants written by Daniela Serodio and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
