Phylogenomic Analysis Of Evolutionary Relationships In Ranitomeya Poison Frogs Amphibia Dendrobatidae Using Ultraconserved Elements

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Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements

Author : Morgan R. Muell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements by : Morgan R. Muell

Download or read book Phylogenomic Analysis of Evolutionary Relationships in Ranitomeya Poison Frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) Using Ultraconserved Elements written by Morgan R. Muell and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among organisms is essential for anchoring evolutionary studies. Phylogenomic studies use large amounts of genetic data in analyses, which is particularly important for highly phenotypically variable taxa that are difficult to distinguish from one another without the use of genetic data, due to the abundance of homoplasy in morphological characters typically used in morphological classification. Use of genome-scale molecular data has thus become the gold standard for identifying these phylogenetic relationships, specifically in comparison to past studies based on fewer genes. Greater quantities of genetic data, in addition to finer taxon sampling, may lead to different conclusions about phylogenetic relationships among organisms compared to previous studies, necessitating new analyses on organisms when new discoveries of populations and new sources of genetic data arise. Ranitomeya poison frogs (Amphibia: Dendrobatidae) are an Amazonian lineage of dendrobatid frogs consisting of 16 species possessing remarkable diversity in color pattern, range size, and parental care behavior. I present the first phylogeny based on genomic data for all species in Ranitomeya, using maximum likelihood and multi-species coalescent methods. I used ultraconserved elements (UCEs), a genome-scale nuclear marker, as my source of molecular data to construct the tree. I also present divergence time estimations using the MCMCTree program. My results indicate several differences from previous analyses in terms of interspecific relationships. Notably, I find R. toraro and R. defleri constitute different species groups, and recover R. uakarii as paraphyletic. I also designate former populations of R. fantastica from Isla Pongo, Peru and Tarapoto as R. summersi, and transfer the French Guianan R. amazonica populations to R. variabilis. My study clarifies both interspecific and intraspecific relationships within Ranitomeya, and provides key insights into phylogeny that pave the way for future studies testing hypotheses on color pattern evolution and historical biogeography.

Comprehensive Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) and Introduction of a New Method for Phylogenetic Niche Modeling

Download Comprehensive Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) and Introduction of a New Method for Phylogenetic Niche Modeling PDF Online Free

Author : Wilson Guillory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) and Introduction of a New Method for Phylogenetic Niche Modeling by : Wilson Guillory

Download or read book Comprehensive Phylogenomic Reconstruction of Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) and Introduction of a New Method for Phylogenetic Niche Modeling written by Wilson Guillory and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand present patterns of biodiversity, knowledge of a lineage's past - both evolutionary and geographic - is required. Here I present the first comprehensive phylogenomic study of an Amazonian poison frog genus, Ameerega, as well as the introduction of a new method for characterizing ancestral distributions via phylogenetic niche modeling, which I use to investigate Ameerega's biogeographic past. I sequenced thousands of ultraconserved elements from over 100 tissue samples, representing almost every described Ameerega species, as well as undescribed cryptic diversity. My phylogenetic inference diverged strongly from those of previous studies. I also introduce a new phylogenetic niche modeling method, which accounts for issues of bias in other methods by incorporating knowledge of evolutionary relationships into niche models. Given modern-day and paleoclimatic data, species occurrence data, and a time-calibrated phylogeny, my method constructs niche models for each extant taxon, uses ancestral character estimation to reconstruct ancestral niche models, and projects these models into paleoclimate data to provide a historical estimate of the geographic range of a lineage. I demonstrate my method on the Ameerega bassleri group. I also use simulations to show that my method can reliably reconstruct the niche of a known ancestor in both geographic and environmental space.

Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae)

Author : Taran Grant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) by : Taran Grant

Download or read book Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) written by Taran Grant and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The known diversity of dart-poison frog species has grown from 70 in the 1960s to 247 at present, with no sign that the discovery of new species will wane in the foreseeable future. Although this growth in knowledge of the diversity of this group has been accompanied by detailed investigations of many aspects of the biology of dendrobatids, their phylogenetic relationships remain poorly understood. This study was designed to test hypotheses of dendrobatid diversification by combining new and prior genotypic and phenotypic evidence in a total evidence analysis. DNA sequences were sampled for five mitochondrial and six nuclear loci (approximately 6,100 base pairs [bp]; x̄[arithmetic mean] = 53,740 bp per terminal; total dataset composed of approximately 1.55 million bp), and 174 phenotypic characters were scored from adult and larval morphology, alkaloid profiles, and behavior. These data were combined with relevant published DNA sequences. Ingroup sampling targeted several previously unsampled species, including Aromobates nocturnus, which was hypothesized previously to be the sister of all other dendrobatids. Undescribed and problematic species were sampled from multiple localities when possible. The final dataset consisted of 414 terminals: 367 ingroup terminals of 156 species and 47 outgroup terminals of 46 species. Direct optimization parsimony analysis of the equally weighted evidence resulted in 25,872 optimal trees. Forty nodes collapse in the strict consensus, with all conflict restricted to conspecific terminals. Dendrobatids were recovered as monophyletic, and their sister group consisted of Crossodactylus, Hylodes, and Megaelosia, recognized herein as Hylodidae. Among outgroup taxa, Centrolenidae was found to be the sister group of all athesphatanurans except Hylidae, Leptodactyidae was polyphyletic, Thoropa was nested within Cycloramphidae, and Ceratophryinae was paraphyletic with respect to Telmatobiinae. Among dendrobatids, the monophyly and content of Mannophryne and Phyllobates were corroborated. Aromobates nocturnus and Colostethus saltuensis were found to be nested within Nephelobates, and Minyobates was paraphyletic and nested within Dendrobates. Colostethus was shown to be rampantly nonmonophyletic, with most species falling into two unrelated cis- and trans-Andean clades. A morphologically and behaviorally diverse clade of median lingual process-possessing species was discovered. In light of these findings and the growth in knowledge of the diversity of this large clade over the past 40 years, we propose a new, monophyletic taxonomy for dendrobatids, recognizing the inclusive clade as a superfamily (Dendrobatoidea) composed of two families (one of which is new), six subfamilies (three new), and 16 genera (four new). Although poisonous frogs did not form a monophyletic group, the three poisonous lineages are all confined to the revised family Dendrobatidae, in keeping with the traditional application of this name. We also propose changes to achieve a monophyletic higher-level taxonomy for the athesphatanuran outgroup taxa. Analysis of character evolution revealed multiple origins of phytotelm-breeding, parental provisioning of nutritive oocytes for larval consumption (larval oophagy), and endotrophy. Available evidence indicates that transport of tadpoles on the dorsum of parent nurse frogs--a dendrobatid synapomorphy--is carried out primitively by male nurse frogs, with three independent origins of female transport and five independent origins of biparental transport. Reproductive amplexus is optimally explained as having been lost in the most recent common ancestor of Dendrobatoidea, with cephalic amplexus arising independently three times.

Systematics and Conservation of Neotropical Amphibians and Reptiles

Author : Alessandro Catenazzi
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036506349
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematics and Conservation of Neotropical Amphibians and Reptiles by : Alessandro Catenazzi

Download or read book Systematics and Conservation of Neotropical Amphibians and Reptiles written by Alessandro Catenazzi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes all 14 articles contributed to the Special Issue "Systematics and Conservation of Neotropical Amphibians and Reptiles” in the journal Diversity, originally published in 2019 and 2020.

Aposematic Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the Andean Countries

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781934151273
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Aposematic Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the Andean Countries by :

Download or read book Aposematic Poison Frogs (Dendrobatidae) of the Andean Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Phylogenetic Systematics of Egg-brooding Frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae) and the Evolution of Direct Development

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781775577720
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (777 download)

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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Systematics of Egg-brooding Frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae) and the Evolution of Direct Development by :

Download or read book Phylogenetic Systematics of Egg-brooding Frogs (Anura: Hemiphractidae) and the Evolution of Direct Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egg-brooding frogs (Hemiphractidae) are a group of 105 currently recognized Neotropical species, with a remarkable diversity of developmental modes, from direct development to free-living and exotrophic tadpoles. Females carry their eggs on the back and embryos have unique bell-shaped gills. We inferred the evolutionary relationships of these frogs and used the resulting phylogeny to review their taxonomy and test hypotheses on the evolution of developmental modes and bell-shaped gills. Our inferences relied on a total evidence parsimony analysis of DNA sequences of up to 20 mitochondrial and nuclear genes (analyzed under tree-alignment), and 51 phenotypic characters sampled for 83% of currently valid hemiphractid species. Our analyses rendered a well-resolved phylogeny, with both Hemiphractidae (sister of Athesphatanura) and its six recognized genera being monophyletic. We also inferred novel intergeneric relationships [((Cryptobatrachus, Flectonotus), (Stefania, (Fritziana, (Hemiphractus, Gastrotheca))))], the non-monophyly of all species groups previously proposed within Gastrotheca and Stefania, and the existence of several putative new species within Fritziana and Hemiphractus. Contrary to previous hypotheses, our results support the most recent common ancestor of hemiphractids as a direct-developer. Free-living aquatic tadpoles apparently evolved from direct-developing ancestors three to eight times. Embryos of the sister taxa Cryptobatrachus and Flectonotus share a pair of single gills derived from branchial arch I, while embryos of the clade including the other four genera have two pairs of gills derived from branchial arches I and II respectively. Furthermore, in Gastrotheca the fusion of the two pairs of gills is a putative synapomorphy. We propose a revised taxonomy concordant with our optimal topologies.

Neotropical Diversification: Patterns and Processes

Author : Valentí Rull
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030311678
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Neotropical Diversification: Patterns and Processes by : Valentí Rull

Download or read book Neotropical Diversification: Patterns and Processes written by Valentí Rull and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-30 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the patterns of biodiversity in various neotropical ecosystems, as well as a discussion on their historical biogeographies and underlying diversification processes. All chapters were written by prominent researchers in the fields of tropical biology, molecular ecology, climatology, paleoecology, and geography, producing an outstanding collection of essays, synthetic analyses, and novel investigations that describe and improve our understanding of the biodiversity of this unique region. With chapters on the Amazon and Caribbean forests, the Atlantic rainforests, the Andes, the Cerrado savannahs, the Caatinga drylands, the Chaco, and Mesoamerica – along with broad taxonomic coverage – this book summarizes a wide range of hypotheses, views, and methods concerning the processes and mechanisms of neotropical diversification. The range of perspectives presented makes the book a truly comprehensive, state-of-the-art publication on the topic, which will fascinate both scientists and general readers alike.

Three Men in a Raft

Author : Ben Kozel
Publisher : Pan Australia
ISBN 13 : 1742625614
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Three Men in a Raft by : Ben Kozel

Download or read book Three Men in a Raft written by Ben Kozel and published by Pan Australia. This book was released on 2007-11-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three men set out on the adventure of a lifetime when they decided to raft down the Amazon from its source high in the Andes to its mouth on the Atlantic coast of South America. The journey from source to sea had only ever been completed by three people before them, all of them assisted by first-class training, state of the art equipment and six figure budgets. Ben Kozel from Australia, Colin Angus from Canada and Scott Borthwick from South Africa-all in their mid-twenties-were attempting the epic journey with fourteen thousand Australian dollars between them, some second-hand camping gear, a couple of weeks training in white water rafting and large dose of blind optimism. Six months and 7,000 kilometres later, they arrived at the Atlantic Ocean, having survived some of the planet's most dangerous white water, wild storms, disgusting tropical diseases, several hundred species of venomous insects and reptiles, not to mention being pursued and shot at by guerrillas from Peru's murderous Shining Path rebel movement and mistaken by paramilitary police for drug smugglers. Three Men in a Raft is both a travel book and an adventure story, laced with humour, danger and vivid description. Like a strange hybrid of Survivor and Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Raft is unlikely, endearing and enthralling.

Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis with BEAST

Author : Alexei J. Drummond
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316298345
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis with BEAST by : Alexei J. Drummond

Download or read book Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis with BEAST written by Alexei J. Drummond and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the models used in phylogenetic analysis and what exactly is involved in Bayesian evolutionary analysis using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods? How can you choose and apply these models, which parameterisations and priors make sense, and how can you diagnose Bayesian MCMC when things go wrong? These are just a few of the questions answered in this comprehensive overview of Bayesian approaches to phylogenetics. This practical guide: • Addresses the theoretical aspects of the field • Advises on how to prepare and perform phylogenetic analysis • Helps with interpreting analyses and visualisation of phylogenies • Describes the software architecture • Helps developing BEAST 2.2 extensions to allow these models to be extended further. With an accompanying website providing example files and tutorials (http://beast2.org/), this one-stop reference to applying the latest phylogenetic models in BEAST 2 will provide essential guidance for all users – from those using phylogenetic tools, to computational biologists and Bayesian statisticians.

Tadpoles

Author : Roy W. McDiarmid
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226557625
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (576 download)

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Book Synopsis Tadpoles by : Roy W. McDiarmid

Download or read book Tadpoles written by Roy W. McDiarmid and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-11 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our own juvenile stage, many of us received our wide-eyed introduction to the wonders of nature by watching the metamorphosis of swimming tadpoles into leaping frogs and toads. The recent alarming declines in amphibian populations worldwide and the suitability of amphibians for use in answering research questions in disciplines as diverse as molecular systematics, animal behavior, and evolutionary biology have focused enormous attention on tadpoles. Despite this popular and scientific interest, relatively little is known about these fascinating creatures. In this indispensable reference, leading experts on tadpole biology relate what we currently know about tadpoles and what we might learn from them in the future. Tadpoles provides detailed summaries of tadpole morphology, development, behavior, ecology, and environmental physiology; explores the evolutionary consequences of the tadpole stage; synthesizes available information on their biodiversity; and presents a standardized terminology and an exhaustive literature review of tadpole biology.

Room 555

Author : Cristy Watson
Publisher : Orca Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1459820606
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis Room 555 by : Cristy Watson

Download or read book Room 555 written by Cristy Watson and published by Orca Book Publishers. This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fourteen-year-old Roonie loves hip-hop almost as much as she loves her grandmother. Roonie cannot wait to compete in her school's dance competition. But as her grandmother's health deteriorates, Roonie becomes more and more reluctant to visit her in the care home. These feelings of guilt and frustration cause Roonie to mess things up with her hip-hop dance partner and best friend, Kira. But while doing some volunteer hours in the hospital geriatric ward, Roonie meets an active senior recovering from a bad fall. Their shared love of dance and the woman's zest for life help Roonie face her fears, make amends with Kira and reconnect with Gram before it’s too late.

Live Long and Evolve

Author : Mohamed A. F. Noor
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691203938
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Live Long and Evolve by : Mohamed A. F. Noor

Download or read book Live Long and Evolve written by Mohamed A. F. Noor and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In Star Trek, crew members travel to unusual planets, meet diverse beings, and encounter unique civilizations. In these remarkable space adventures, does Star Trek reflect biology and evolution as we know it? What can the science in the science fiction of Star Trek teach us?"--Back cover

Herpetofauna of Vietnam

Author : Van-Sang Nguyen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783899734621
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Herpetofauna of Vietnam by : Van-Sang Nguyen

Download or read book Herpetofauna of Vietnam written by Van-Sang Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Together with his coauthors, Nguyen Quang Truong modernized taxonomic concepts and nomenclature, filled gaps with new knowledge on the herpetofauna, mostly with the astonishingly perpetuating new discoveries which increased and still increase the number of species in this impressive way. The herpetological exploration of Vietnam, originally based on the classic, monographic works (1934 - 1944) of the French author Rene Bourret, was followed by a most intensive period of herpetofaunistic and taxonomic research just in the last few decades. This was carried out by Vietnamese, but also many foreign herpetologists, among them Russian, Canadian, US-American, British and last but not least German teams which often cooperated also among each other. This period of intensified research resulted in the discovery and description of numerous new species and even genera. My colleague and friend Kraig Adler, Cornell University, contributed an own and detailed chapter on this important asp10ect of the history of Vietnamese herpetology to the present new book.As can be seen from the extended acknowledgement section of this book, numerous colleagues from many countries were helpful and gave information, comments and/or their photographs for this comprehensive checklist of Vietnam's amphibians and reptiles. This remarkable new book reflects the high degree of international cooperation and is thus also a splendid example for other countries with a similarly rich natural heritage. I am happy that, together with the Zoological Garden of Cologne, also my institute is allowed to take part in this fruitful cooperation.Finally, it is also necessary to acknowledge the role of the Publisher. The engagement of 'Chimaira', Frankfurt am Main, in editing this book is highly appreciated as it enables - at last - the international availability of all the information on Vietnam's herpetofauna which has been gathered by the above-mentioned herpetological community

Avoiding Attack

Author : Graeme D. Ruxton
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198528590
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Avoiding Attack by : Graeme D. Ruxton

Download or read book Avoiding Attack written by Graeme D. Ruxton and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004-10-21 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the evolution of the mechanisms by which prey avoid attack by their potential predators and questions how such defences are maintained through natural selection. Topics covered include camouflage, warning signals and mimicry.

A Conservation Strategy for the Amphibians of Madagascar

Author : Franco Andreone
Publisher : Museo Reg. Scienze Nat. Torino
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis A Conservation Strategy for the Amphibians of Madagascar by : Franco Andreone

Download or read book A Conservation Strategy for the Amphibians of Madagascar written by Franco Andreone and published by Museo Reg. Scienze Nat. Torino. This book was released on 2008 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biological Relationships Between Africa and South America

Author : Peter Goldblatt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780300053753
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (537 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Relationships Between Africa and South America by : Peter Goldblatt

Download or read book Biological Relationships Between Africa and South America written by Peter Goldblatt and published by . This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Frogs of Colombia (Classic Reprint)

Author : Doris M. Cochran
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781332814596
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Frogs of Colombia (Classic Reprint) by : Doris M. Cochran

Download or read book Frogs of Colombia (Classic Reprint) written by Doris M. Cochran and published by . This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Frogs of Colombia Gastrotheca Fitzinger G. Bufona, new species G. Cornutum (boulenger) G. Nicefori Gaige G. Medemi, new species G. Helenae Dunn G. Aureomaculata, new species G. Mertensi, new species G. Monticola argenteorirens (boettger) About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.