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Phylogenetic Systematics Of Dart Poison Frogs And Their Relatives Amphibia Athesphatanura Dendrobatidae Bulletin Of The Amnh
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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia, Athesphatanura, Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the AMNH by :
Download or read book Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia, Athesphatanura, Dendrobatidae). Bulletin of the AMNH written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) by : Taran Grant
Download or read book Phylogenetic Systematics of Dart-poison Frogs and Their Relatives (Amphibia:Athesphatanura:Dendrobatidae) written by Taran Grant and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The known diversity of dart-poison frog species has grown from 70 in the 1960s to 247 at present, with no sign that the discovery of new species will wane in the foreseeable future. Although this growth in knowledge of the diversity of this group has been accompanied by detailed investigations of many aspects of the biology of dendrobatids, their phylogenetic relationships remain poorly understood. This study was designed to test hypotheses of dendrobatid diversification by combining new and prior genotypic and phenotypic evidence in a total evidence analysis. DNA sequences were sampled for five mitochondrial and six nuclear loci (approximately 6,100 base pairs [bp]; x̄[arithmetic mean] = 53,740 bp per terminal; total dataset composed of approximately 1.55 million bp), and 174 phenotypic characters were scored from adult and larval morphology, alkaloid profiles, and behavior. These data were combined with relevant published DNA sequences. Ingroup sampling targeted several previously unsampled species, including Aromobates nocturnus, which was hypothesized previously to be the sister of all other dendrobatids. Undescribed and problematic species were sampled from multiple localities when possible. The final dataset consisted of 414 terminals: 367 ingroup terminals of 156 species and 47 outgroup terminals of 46 species. Direct optimization parsimony analysis of the equally weighted evidence resulted in 25,872 optimal trees. Forty nodes collapse in the strict consensus, with all conflict restricted to conspecific terminals. Dendrobatids were recovered as monophyletic, and their sister group consisted of Crossodactylus, Hylodes, and Megaelosia, recognized herein as Hylodidae. Among outgroup taxa, Centrolenidae was found to be the sister group of all athesphatanurans except Hylidae, Leptodactyidae was polyphyletic, Thoropa was nested within Cycloramphidae, and Ceratophryinae was paraphyletic with respect to Telmatobiinae. Among dendrobatids, the monophyly and content of Mannophryne and Phyllobates were corroborated. Aromobates nocturnus and Colostethus saltuensis were found to be nested within Nephelobates, and Minyobates was paraphyletic and nested within Dendrobates. Colostethus was shown to be rampantly nonmonophyletic, with most species falling into two unrelated cis- and trans-Andean clades. A morphologically and behaviorally diverse clade of median lingual process-possessing species was discovered. In light of these findings and the growth in knowledge of the diversity of this large clade over the past 40 years, we propose a new, monophyletic taxonomy for dendrobatids, recognizing the inclusive clade as a superfamily (Dendrobatoidea) composed of two families (one of which is new), six subfamilies (three new), and 16 genera (four new). Although poisonous frogs did not form a monophyletic group, the three poisonous lineages are all confined to the revised family Dendrobatidae, in keeping with the traditional application of this name. We also propose changes to achieve a monophyletic higher-level taxonomy for the athesphatanuran outgroup taxa. Analysis of character evolution revealed multiple origins of phytotelm-breeding, parental provisioning of nutritive oocytes for larval consumption (larval oophagy), and endotrophy. Available evidence indicates that transport of tadpoles on the dorsum of parent nurse frogs--a dendrobatid synapomorphy--is carried out primitively by male nurse frogs, with three independent origins of female transport and five independent origins of biparental transport. Reproductive amplexus is optimally explained as having been lost in the most recent common ancestor of Dendrobatoidea, with cephalic amplexus arising independently three times.
Book Synopsis Field Guide to the Frogs and Toads of Costa Rica by : John O. Cossel Jr.
Download or read book Field Guide to the Frogs and Toads of Costa Rica written by John O. Cossel Jr. and published by BookBaby. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Amphibians of Suriname by : Paul E. Ouboter
Download or read book Amphibians of Suriname written by Paul E. Ouboter and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-05-10 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "Amphibians of Suriname" is the first overview of our present knowledge of this interesting group for Suriname. For all 104 species a short description, photograph, distribution map and data on natural history and taxonomy are given.
Book Synopsis Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness by :
Download or read book Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness written by and published by Magnolia Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Changing Diversity in Changing Environment by : Oscar Grillo
Download or read book Changing Diversity in Changing Environment written by Oscar Grillo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-11-14 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As everybody knows, the dynamic interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, as well as the anthropic ones, considerably affect global climate changes and consequently biology, ecology and distribution of life forms of our planet. These important natural events affect all ecosystems, causing important changes on biodiversity. Systematic and phylogenetic studies, biogeographic distribution analysis and evaluations of diversity richness are focal topics of this book written by international experts, some even considering economical effects and future perspectives on the managing and conservation plans.
Book Synopsis Advances in the Study of Behavior by :
Download or read book Advances in the Study of Behavior written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in the Study of Behavior was initiated over 40 years ago to serve the increasing number of scientists engaged in the study of animal behavior. This volume makes another important contribution to the development of the field by presenting theoretical ideas and research findings to professionals studying animal behavior and related fields. Initiated over 40 years ago to serve the increasing number of scientists engaged in the study of animal behavior Makes another important contribution to the development of the field Presents theoretical ideas and research to those studying animal behavior and related fields
Download or read book Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Acta amazonica written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each issue to contain material in each of seven subject fields: botany, forestry research, environmental sciences, phytochemistry, tropical medicine, zoology and technology.
Book Synopsis Threatened Amphibians of the World by : S. N. Stuart
Download or read book Threatened Amphibians of the World written by S. N. Stuart and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Amphibians are facing an extinction crisis, but getting to the facts has been difficult. "Threatened Amphibians of the World" is a visual journey through the first-ever comprehensive assessment of the conservation status of the world's 6,000 known species of frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians. All 1,900 species known to be threatened with extinction are covered, including a description of threats to each species and an evaluation of conservation measures in place or needed. Each entry includes a photograph or illustration of the species where available, a distribution map, and detailed information on range, population and habitat and ecology. Introductory chapters present a detailed analysis of the results, complemented by a series of short essays written by many of the world's leading herpetologists. Appendices include annoted lists of lower risk species and a country-by-country listing of threatened amphibians."--pub. desc.
Author :Martha Lucía Calderón Espinosa Publisher :Universidad Nacional de Colombia ISBN 13 :9587837401 Total Pages :290 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (878 download)
Book Synopsis Anfibios y reptiles del municipio de San José del Guaviare (Guaviare, Colombia) by : Martha Lucía Calderón Espinosa
Download or read book Anfibios y reptiles del municipio de San José del Guaviare (Guaviare, Colombia) written by Martha Lucía Calderón Espinosa and published by Universidad Nacional de Colombia. This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El departamento del Guaviare es una zona de confluencia de elementos de la Amazonía, Orinoquía y escudo guayanés, condición que se refleja en la diversidad de anfibios y reptiles. Esta obra, que incluye algunas de las especies de este grupo faunístico registradas en el municipio de San José del Guaviare, nace del interés de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y de la financiación de la "Dirección Nacional de Extensión, Innovación y Propiedad Intelectual", por apoyar proyectos sociales de turismo naturaleza en la región.
Book Synopsis The Phylogeny of Poison Dart Frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae) by : Taran Grant
Download or read book The Phylogeny of Poison Dart Frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae) written by Taran Grant and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Poison Dart Frogs by : Cecilia Pinto McCarthy
Download or read book Poison Dart Frogs written by Cecilia Pinto McCarthy and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Simple text and full-color photos explain the habitat, range, life cycle, and behavior of poison dart frogs while emphasizing their bright colors" --Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Poison Frogs and Other Amphibians by : Andrew Solway
Download or read book Poison Frogs and Other Amphibians written by Andrew Solway and published by Heinemann-Raintree Library. This book was released on 2006 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poison Frogs are among the most poisonous animals in the world, but how have they, and other amphibians, adapted to become so successful? The series explores how some of our favorite animals are uniquely adapted to their environment. Each book looks at the various ways in which different species have adapted to their surroundings and covers habitat, defenses, camouflage, and the way animals find food.
Book Synopsis The Poison Dart Frog by : Laura Sullivan
Download or read book The Poison Dart Frog written by Laura Sullivan and published by Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. This book was released on 2017-07-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The poison dart frog is a colorful creature with a colorful history. Readers learn the ways man has used this amphibian, which is one of the most toxic creatures on earth, for good and for evil. They will also discover its lifecycle, where it lives, how it creates its poison, what it eats, and what eats it.
Book Synopsis Poison Dart Frogs by : Doug Wechsler
Download or read book Poison Dart Frogs written by Doug Wechsler and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This high-interest Science title is one of the 4 titles sold in a Book Pack as a part of the Tony Stead Independent Reading Reptiles and Amphibians Theme Set.
Book Synopsis Deadly Poison Dart Frogs by : Lincoln James
Download or read book Deadly Poison Dart Frogs written by Lincoln James and published by Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces poison dart frogs, describing their physical charcateristics, habitat, and the venom that they use to protect themselves from predators.