Photoprotection In Plants

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Photoprotection in Plants

Author : Alexei Solovchenko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364213887X
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Photoprotection in Plants by : Alexei Solovchenko

Download or read book Photoprotection in Plants written by Alexei Solovchenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical screening of excessive and potentially harmful solar radiation is an important photoprotective mechanism, though it has received much less attention in comparison with other systems preventing photooxidative damage to photoautotrophic organisms. This photoprotection in the form of screening appears to be especially important for juvenile and senescing plants as well as under environmental stresses—i.e. in situations where the efficiency of enzymatic ROS elimination, DNA repair and other ‘classical’ photoprotective systems could be impaired. This book represents an attempt to develop an integral view of optical screening-based photoprotection in microalgae and higher plants. Towards this end, the key groups of pigments involved in the screening of ultraviolet and visible components of solar radiation in microalgae and higher plants, and the patterns of their accumulation and distribution within plant cells and tissues, are described. Special attention is paid to the manifestations of screening pigment accumulation in the optical spectra of plants. It is also demonstrated that understanding these effects and their relationships to screening pigments’ makeup and spectroscopy in plants provides valuable insights into the state of plants’ long-term photoacclimation, as well as ample opportunities for the non-destructive quantification of screening pigments and the assessment of the efficiency of photoprotection providing by these pigments in situ.

Photoprotection, Photoinhibition, Gene Regulation, and Environment

Author : Barbara Demmig-Adams
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402035799
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Photoprotection, Photoinhibition, Gene Regulation, and Environment by : Barbara Demmig-Adams

Download or read book Photoprotection, Photoinhibition, Gene Regulation, and Environment written by Barbara Demmig-Adams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-19 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoprotection, Photoinhibition, Gene Regulation, and Environment examines the processes whereby plants monitor environmental conditions and orchestrate their response to change, an ability paramount to the life of all plants. “Excess light”, absorbed by the light-harvesting systems of photosynthetic organisms, is an integrative indicator of the environment, communicating the presence of intense light and any conditions unfavorable for growth and photosynthesis. Key plant responses are photoprotection and photoinhibition. In this volume, the dual role of photoprotective responses in the preservation of leaf integrity and in redox signaling networks modulating stress acclimation, growth, and development is addressed. In addition, the still unresolved impact of photoinhibition on plant survival and productivity is discussed. Specific topics include dissipation of excess energy via thermal and other pathways, scavenging of reactive oxygen by antioxidants, proteins key to photoprotection and photoinhibition, peroxidation of lipids, as well as signaling by reactive oxygen, lipid-derived messengers, and other messengers that modulate gene expression. Approaches include biochemical, physiological, genetic, molecular, and field studies, addressing intense visible and ultraviolet light, winter conditions, nutrient deficiency, drought, and salinity.

Regulation of Photosynthesis

Author : Eva-Mari Aro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306481480
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Photosynthesis by : Eva-Mari Aro

Download or read book Regulation of Photosynthesis written by Eva-Mari Aro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the expression of photosynthesis related genes including regulation both at transcriptional and translational levels. It reviews biogenesis, turnover, and senescence of thylakoid pigment protein complexes and highlights some crucial regulatory steps in carbon metabolism.

Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria

Author : Barbara Demmig-Adams
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789402406283
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria by : Barbara Demmig-Adams

Download or read book Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria written by Barbara Demmig-Adams and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harnessing the sun’s energy via photosynthesis is at the core of sustainable production of food, fuel, and materials by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Photosynthesis depends on photoprotection against intense sunlight, starting with the safe removal of excess excitation energy from the light-harvesting system, which can be quickly and non-destructively assessed via non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ). By placing NPQ into the context of whole-organism function, this book aims to contribute towards identification of plant and algal lines with superior stress resistance and productivity. By addressing agreements and open questions concerning photoprotection’s molecular mechanisms, this book contributes towards development of artificial photosynthetic systems. A comprehensive picture –from single molecules to organisms in ecosystems, and from leading expert’s views to practical information for non-specialists on NPQ measurement and terminology – is presented.

Light Harvesting in Photosynthesis

Author : Roberta Croce
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351242873
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Light Harvesting in Photosynthesis by : Roberta Croce

Download or read book Light Harvesting in Photosynthesis written by Roberta Croce and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This landmark collective work introduces the physical, chemical, and biological principles underlying photosynthesis: light absorption, excitation energy transfer, and charge separation. It begins with an introduction to properties of various pigments, and the pigment proteins in plant, algae, and bacterial systems. It addresses the underlying physics of light harvesting and key spectroscopic methods, including data analysis. It discusses assembly of the natural system, its energy transfer properties, and regulatory mechanisms. It also addresses light-harvesting in artificial systems and the impact of photosynthesis on our environment. The chapter authors are amongst the field’s world recognized experts. Chapters are divided into five main parts, the first focused on pigments, their properties and biosynthesis, and the second section looking at photosynthetic proteins, including light harvesting in higher plants, algae, cyanobacteria, and green bacteria. The third part turns to energy transfer and electron transport, discussing modeling approaches, quantum aspects, photoinduced electron transfer, and redox potential modulation, followed by a section on experimental spectroscopy in light harvesting research. The concluding final section includes chapters on artificial photosynthesis, with topics such as use of cyanobacteria and algae for sustainable energy production. Robert Croce is Head of the Biophysics Group and full professor in biophysics of photosynthesis/energy at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. Rienk van Grondelle is full professor at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam. Herbert van Amerongen is full professor of biophysics in the Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences at Wageningen University, where he is also director of the MicroSpectroscopy Research Facility. Ivo van Stokkum is associate professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, at Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.

The Photosynthetic Membrane

Author : Alexander V. Ruban
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118447603
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

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Book Synopsis The Photosynthetic Membrane by : Alexander V. Ruban

Download or read book The Photosynthetic Membrane written by Alexander V. Ruban and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proteins that gather light for plant photosynthesis are embedded within cell membranes in a site called the thylakoid membrane (or the "photosynthetic membrane"). These proteins form the light harvesting antenna that feeds with energy a number of vital photosynthetic processes such as water oxidation and oxygen evolution, the pumping of protons across the thylakoid membranes coupled with the electron transport chain of the photosystems and cytochrome b6f complex, and ATP synthesis by ATP synthase utilizing the generated proton gradient. The Photosynthetic Membrane: Molecular Mechanisms and Biophysics of Light Harvesting is an introduction to the fundamental design and function of the light harvesting photosynthetic membrane, one of the most common and most important structures of life. It describes the underlying structure of the membrane, the variety and roles of the membrane proteins, the atomic structures of light harvesting complexes and their macromolecular assemblies, the molecular mechanisms and dynamics of light harvesting and primary energy transformations, and the broad range of adaptations to different light environments. The book shows, using the example of the photosynthetic membrane, how complex biological structures utilize principles of chemistry and physics in order to carry out biological functions. The Photosynthetic Membrane: Molecular Mechanisms of Light Harvesting will appeal to a wide audience of undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as researchers working in the fields of biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics, plant science and bioengineering.

Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis

Author : Ernst-Detlef Schulze
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642793541
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis by : Ernst-Detlef Schulze

Download or read book Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis written by Ernst-Detlef Schulze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of increasing atmospheric CO2, there is intensified interest in the ecophysiology of photosynthesis and increasing attention is being given to carbon exchange and storage in natural ecosystems. We need to know how much photosynthesis of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation will change as global CO2 increases. Are there major ecosystems, such as the boreal forests, which may become important sinks of CO2 and slow down the effects of anthropogenic CO2 emissions on climate? Will the composition of the vegetation change as a result of CO2 increase? This volume reviews the progress which has been made in understanding photosynthesis in the past few decades at several levels of integration from the molecular level to canopy, ecosystem and global scales.

Crop Photosynthesis

Author : N.R. Baker
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483291413
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Crop Photosynthesis by : N.R. Baker

Download or read book Crop Photosynthesis written by N.R. Baker and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since photosynthetic performance is a fundamental determinant of yield in the vast majority of crops, an understanding of the factors limiting photosynthetic productivity has a crucial role to play in crop improvement programmes. Photosynthesis, unlike the majority of physiological processes in plants, has been the subject of extensive studies at the molecular level for many years. This reductionist approach has resulted in the development of an impressive and detailed understanding of the mechanisms of light capture, energy transduction and carbohydrate biosynthesis, processes that are clearly central to the success of the plant and the productivity of crops. This volume examines in the widest context the factors determining the photosynthetic performance of crops. The emphasis throughout the book is on the setting for photosynthesis rather than the fundamental process itself. The book will prove useful to a wide range of plant scientists, and will encourage a more rapid integration of disciplines in the quest to understand and improve the productivity of crops by the procedures of classical breeding and genetic manipulation.

Photoprotection in Photosynthesis

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Photoprotection in Photosynthesis by :

Download or read book Photoprotection in Photosynthesis written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxygenic photosynthesis is the process in plants, algae and cyanobacteria that transforms sunlight into stable chemical energy. The initial reactions are carried out by two large multi-subunit pigment-protein complexes, Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI). Light is absorbed by pigments associated with the photosystems, and the resulting excitation energy is rapidly transferred from pigment to pigment until it reaches the reaction centre. Here the excitation energy drives photochemical charge separation, setting off a series of downhill redox reactions that ultimately generate ATP and NADPH. To ensure sufficient light is absorbed for the photosynthetic reactions to result in a net energy surplus, the two photosystems are surrounded by a peripheral light-harvesting antenna system. In plants, this is made up of a family of Light-Harvesting Complexes (LHCs), which bind many chlorophylls and carotenoids. However, photosynthesis runs on an energetic tightrope. If the amount of absorbed light surpasses the capacity of the photosynthetic reactions, the excess energy can damage photosynthetic machinery, resulting in a net energy deficit. To achieve this balancing act, plants employ a photoprotective mechanism called non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). Within minutes of exposure to high light intensities, NPQ causes the light-harvesting antenna of PSII to switch to a dissipative state, safely releasing excess absorbed energy as heat. In this thesis, the location and mechanism of NPQ are investigated at the plant level, all the way down to the protein level. First, the thesis details the construction and characterisation of a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana lacking LHCII, the main antenna complex of plants. The mutant is characterised using PAM fluorometry, time-resolved fluorescence and various biochemical techniques. The characterisation identifies LHCII as the predominant site of quenching in plants.

Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Environmental Stress

Author : Parvaiz Ahmad
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119501822
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Environmental Stress by : Parvaiz Ahmad

Download or read book Photosynthesis, Productivity, and Environmental Stress written by Parvaiz Ahmad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to environmental fluctuations that examines photosynthesis under both controlled and stressed conditions Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress is a much-needed guide that explores the topics related to photosynthesis (both terrestrial and aquatic) and puts the focus on the basic effect of environmental fluctuations. The authors—noted experts on the topic—discuss photosynthesis under both controlled and stressed conditions and review new techniques for mitigating stressors including methods such as transgeneics, proteomics, genomics, ionomics, metabolomics, micromics, and more. In order to feed our burgeoning world population, it is vital that we must increase food production. Photosynthesis is directly related to plant growth and crop production and any fluctuation in the photosynthetic activity imposes great threat to crop productivity. Due to the environmental fluctuations plants are often exposed to the different environmental stresses that cause decreased photosynthetic rate and problems in the plant growth and development. This important book addresses this topic and: Covers topics related to terrestrial and aquatic photosynthesis Highlights the basic effect of environmental fluctuations Explores common stressors such as drought, salinity, alkalinity, temperature, UV-radiations, oxygen deficiency, and more Contains methods and techniques for improving photosynthetic efficiency for greater crop yield Written for biologists and environmentalists, Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress offers an overview of the stressors affecting photosynthesis and includes possible solutions for improved crop production.

Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors

Author : Golam Jalal Ahammed
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401777586
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors by : Golam Jalal Ahammed

Download or read book Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors written by Golam Jalal Ahammed and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms of different abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature, salinity, drought, flooding, soil acidity, heavy metals, light stress and ozone stress, and discusses the multifaceted role of phytohormones in stress adaptation and the underlying mechanisms. Aimed at students and researchers in the field of plant science, it offers a comprehensive overview of the versatile roles and interactions of different phytohormones in response to a specific stress factor and examines the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms that have been the subject of recent research.

Concepts in Photobiology

Author : G.S. Singhal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401148325
Total Pages : 1018 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts in Photobiology by : G.S. Singhal

Download or read book Concepts in Photobiology written by G.S. Singhal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photobiology is an important area of biological research since a very large number of living processes are either dependent on or governed by light that we receive from the Sun. Among various subjects, photosynthesis is one of the most important, and thus a popular topic in both molecular and organismic biology, and one which has made a considerable impact throughout the world since almost all life on Earth depends upon it as a source of food, fuel and oxygen. However, for growth of plants, light is equally essential, and research on photomorphogenesis has revealed exciting new developments with the application of newer molecular biological approaches. The present book brings together and integrates various aspects of photosynthesis, biology of pigments, light regulation of chloroplast development, nuclear and chloroplast gene expression, light signal transduction, other photomorphogenetic processes and some photoecological aspects under one cover. The chapters cover biochemical and molecular discussions of most of the above topics in a comprehensive manner and include a wide range of `hot topics' that are currently under investigation in the field of photobiology of cyanobacteria, algae and plants. The authors of this book are selected international authorities in their fields from USA, Europe, Australia and Asia. The book is designed primarily to be used as a text book by graduates and post-graduates. It is, however, also intended to be a resource book for new researchers in plant photobiology. Several introductory chapters are designed as suitable reading for undergraduate courses in integrative and molecular biology, biochemistry and biophysics.

Chloroplasts

Author : Helmut Kirchhoff
Publisher : Caister Academic Press Limited
ISBN 13 : 9781910190470
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Chloroplasts by : Helmut Kirchhoff

Download or read book Chloroplasts written by Helmut Kirchhoff and published by Caister Academic Press Limited. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chloroplast organelle in plants not only forms the platform for photosynthetic energy conversion that fuels life on earth but is also a highly dynamic anabolic factory generating a great variety of primary and secondary metabolites. This authoritative book reflects the diversity of the research field on chloroplast biology ranging from the biophysical principles of energy conversion over metabolic regulation and ion transport to identification of unique plastid proteins by the systems-biology based green cut project. The chapters are written by renowned experts in their fields and provide state-of-the-art overviews of their current research. Each chapter ends with a section on future trends that projects where the research could be in the next five to ten years. The book is recommended to readers seeking an overview on chloroplast biology as well as scientists looking for detailed up-to-date information.

Oxidative Damage to Plants

Author : Parvaiz Ahmad
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128004606
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxidative Damage to Plants by : Parvaiz Ahmad

Download or read book Oxidative Damage to Plants written by Parvaiz Ahmad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-01-29 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions that review research on this topic throughout the world, Oxidative Damage to Plants covers key areas of discovery, from the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs), their mechanisms, quenching of these ROSs through enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and detailed aspects of such antioxidants as SOD and CAT. Environmental stress is responsible for the generation of oxidative stress, which causes oxidative damage to biomolecules and hence reduces crop yield. To cope up with these problems, scientists have to fully understand the generation of reactive oxygen species, its impact on plants and how plants will be able to withstand these stresses. Provides invaluable information about the role of antioxidants in alleviating oxidative stress Examines both the negative effects (senescence, impaired photosynthesis and necrosis) and positive effects (crucial role that superoxide plays against invading microbes) of ROS on plants Features contributors from a variety of regions globally

Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques

Author : Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319932330
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques by : Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras

Download or read book Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques written by Adela M. Sánchez-Moreiras and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook covers the most commonly used techniques for measuring plant response to biotic and abiotic stressing factors, including: in vitro and in vivo bioassays; the study of root morphology, photosynthesis (pigment content, net photosynthesis, respiration, fluorescence and thermoluminiscence) and water status; thermal imaging; the measurement of oxidative stress markers; flow cytometry for measuring cell cycle and other physiological parameters; the use of microscope techniques for studying plant microtubules; programmed-cell-death; last-generation techniques (metabolomics, proteomics, SAR/QSAR); hybridization methods; isotope techniques for plant and soil studies; and the measurement of detoxification pathways, volatiles, soil microorganisms, and computational biology.

Physiology of Woody Plants

Author : Stephen G. Pallardy
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080568718
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiology of Woody Plants by : Stephen G. Pallardy

Download or read book Physiology of Woody Plants written by Stephen G. Pallardy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woody plants such as trees have a significant economic and climatic influence on global economies and ecologies. This completely revised classic book is an up-to-date synthesis of the intensive research devoted to woody plants published in the second edition, with additional important aspects from the authors' previous book, Growth Control in Woody Plants. Intended primarily as a reference for researchers, the interdisciplinary nature of the book makes it useful to a broad range of scientists and researchers from agroforesters, agronomists, and arborists to plant pathologists and soil scientists. This third edition provides crutial updates to many chapters, including: responses of plants to elevated CO2; the process and regulation of cambial growth; photoinhibition and photoprotection of photosynthesis; nitrogen metabolism and internal recycling, and more. Revised chapters focus on emerging discoveries of the patterns and processes of woody plant physiology. * The only book to provide recommendations for the use of specific management practices and experimental procedures and equipment*Updated coverage of nearly all topics of interest to woody plant physiologists* Extensive revisions of chapters relating to key processes in growth, photosynthesis, and water relations* More than 500 new references * Examples of molecular-level evidence incorporated in discussion of the role of expansion proteins in plant growth; mechanism of ATP production by coupling factor in photosynthesis; the role of cellulose synthase in cell wall construction; structure-function relationships for aquaporin proteins

Plastid Biology

Author : Steven M. Theg
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493911368
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Plastid Biology by : Steven M. Theg

Download or read book Plastid Biology written by Steven M. Theg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plastids are the sites of conversion of solar energy into the chemical energy usable to sustain life. They are also responsible for the production of the vast majority of the oxygen in the atmosphere. Through these activities they play a unique role in the biosphere, producing two critical products upon which life on Earth depends. It covers in 21 chapters nearly all actively investigated areas of plastid biology, from biosynthesis to function to their uses in biotechnology. The editors have compiled an extensive list of international experts from whom to solicit chapters. As is evident from the suggested Table of Contents, the book will start with a discussion of genetic material and its expression, followed by differentiation and development of different plastid types and internal organization. This is followed by an in depth look at biogenesis and assembly of plastid proteins and protein complexes and then by the important metabolic functions in plastids. The book will end with two chapters discussing the role of plastid biology in protein expression biotechnology and in hydrogen and biofuel production.