Persistence Of Authoritarianism In The Middle East

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Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Ralph Myers
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640773640
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa by : Ralph Myers

Download or read book Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa written by Ralph Myers and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 75%, Dublin City University, course: International Relations, language: English, abstract: The region of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) appears to be an exception when it comes to the persistence of authoritarianism. Whereas most other regions in the world have embarked upon a path of democratisation, trends in the MENA appear to be adverse. Not only is the MENA's record appalling in terms of electoral democracies, but the region, on average, has not experienced an improvement in civil liberties and political rights for the last thirty years. This paper will look at two aspects concerning the persistence of authoritarianism in the region. The principal aim will be to analyse what the principle cause for the persistence of authoritarianism in the MENA is. A secondary objective will be to establish whether the term MENA exceptionalism is applicable, or whether the persistence of authoritarianism in the region can be explained through general theories on the subject. The paper analyses the reasons why scholars deem the MENA to be exceptional, and which variables they believe contribute to the persistence of authoritarianism in the region. Those arguments are then refuted, arguing instead that rentierism is the principal independent variable with regards to the robustness of authoritarian regimes in the MENA. The focus then shifts to the concept of rentierism in general and more specifically its relation to oil rich countries. Finally the paper looks at how oil poor countries also benefit from rents and how it is possible that levels of authoritarianism in oil rich countries are not hugely affected by oil price fluctuations.

Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Samir Awad (Professor.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Samir Awad (Professor.)

Download or read book Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Samir Awad (Professor.) and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Samir Awad
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783838342696
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Samir Awad

Download or read book Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Samir Awad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation I have examined the persistence of authoritarianism in the Arab World. Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen all embarked on substantial political reforms in the late 1980s. These political liberalization reforms coincided with a wave of democratization that swept over regimes in Eastern Europe, Latin America, and Africa. However, in the mid-1990s most of the Arab states were able to revoke the bulk of their liberalization reforms, thus frustrating what many observers had viewed as a promising step towards democracy. Unlike other parts of the world, the regimes' return to authoritarianism in the Arab world faced unexpectedly little resistance from domestic civil society or from the international community. How is it that a regime can abandon liberalization political reforms and return to authoritarian rule, yet face negligible internal and external resistance?

Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Samir Awad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (561 download)

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Book Synopsis Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Samir Awad

Download or read book Persistence of Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Samir Awad and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The New Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Stephen J. King
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253004004
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa by : Stephen J. King

Download or read book The New Authoritarianism in the Middle East and North Africa written by Stephen J. King and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen J. King considers the reasons that international and domestic efforts toward democratization have failed to take hold in the Arab world. Focusing on Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, and Algeria, he suggests that a complex set of variables characterizes authoritarian rule and helps to explain both its dynamism and its persistence. King addresses, but moves beyond, how religion and the strongly patriarchal culture influence state structure, policy configuration, ruling coalitions, and legitimization and privatization strategies. He shows how the transformation of authoritarianism has taken place amid shifting social relations and political institutions and how these changes have affected the lives of millions. Ultimately, King's forward-thinking analysis offers a way to enhance the prospects for democracy in the Middle East and North Africa.

Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Michele Penner Angrist
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781685850852
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Michele Penner Angrist

Download or read book Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Michele Penner Angrist and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the persistence of authoritarian rule in the Middle East, eschewing cultural explanations and focusing on the role of political institutions and strategies.

Modern Middle East Authoritarianism

Author : Noureddine Jebnoun
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135007314
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Middle East Authoritarianism by : Noureddine Jebnoun

Download or read book Modern Middle East Authoritarianism written by Noureddine Jebnoun and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the Arab uprisings have overturned the idea of Arab "exceptionalism," or the acceptance of authoritarianism, better analysis of authoritarianism’s resilience in pre- and post-uprising scenarios is still needed. Modern Middle East Authoritarianism: Roots, Ramifications, and Crisis undertakes this task by addressing not only the mechanisms that allowed Middle Eastern regimes to survive and adapt for decades, but also the obstacles that certain countries face in their current transition to democracy. This volume analyzes the role of ruling elites, Islamists, and others, as well as variables such as bureaucracy, patronage, the strength of security apparatuses, and ideological legitimacy to ascertain regimes’ life expectancies and these factors’ post-uprisings repercussions. Discussing not only the paradigms through which the region has been analyzed, but also providing in-depth case studies of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran, the authors arrive at critical conclusions about dictatorship and possibilities for its transformation. Employing diverse research methods, including interviews, participant observation, and theoretical discussions of authoritarianism and political transition, this book is essential reading for scholars of Middle East Studies, Islamic Studies and those with an interest in the governance and politics of the Middle East.

Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : J. Karakoç Bakis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137445556
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : J. Karakoç Bakis

Download or read book Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by J. Karakoç Bakis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through a unique collection of essays drawn from rich case studies, Authoritarianism in the Middle East provides important insights into the ongoing instabilities of the Middle East, and the authoritarianism and democratisation processes that have led to dramatic socio-political transformations.

Debating Arab Authoritarianism

Author : Oliver Schlumberger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Debating Arab Authoritarianism by : Oliver Schlumberger

Download or read book Debating Arab Authoritarianism written by Oliver Schlumberger and published by . This book was released on 2007-11-20 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines how political rule in Arab countries is effectuated, organized, and executed, and how authoritarianism works in practice and how it can be grasped conceptually.

New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Ozgun Topak
Publisher : EUP
ISBN 13 : 9781474489416
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa by : Ozgun Topak

Download or read book New Authoritarian Practices in the Middle East and North Africa written by Ozgun Topak and published by EUP. This book was released on 2024-02-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines new authoritarian practices and state control in MENA countries to target and neutralise dissidents

Beyond the Arab Spring

Author : Rex Brynen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781588268532
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond the Arab Spring by : Rex Brynen

Download or read book Beyond the Arab Spring written by Rex Brynen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years the authoritarian regimes of the Arab world displayed remarkable persistence. Then, beginning in December 2010, much of the region underwent rapid and remarkable political change. This volume explores the precursors, nature, and trajectory of the dynamics unleashed by the Arab Spring.

Foreign influence and authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346305449
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (463 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign influence and authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal

Download or read book Foreign influence and authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Hüseyin Ugur Sagkal and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 2,0, , language: English, abstract: Democracy and the Middle East. Throughout history, those two meanings were not compatible at all. Authoritarianism, on the other hand, is something that is associated with the Middle East. Since their independence, only two countries have experienced democracy for a more extended period, Israel and Turkey. (only Lebanon had a short period of democratic stability) The democracy index shows that the Middle East is the most authoritarian region with 3.5 points. (www.eiu.com) The euphoria during the Arab Spring was as big as the disappointment and the disillusion afterward. Except for Tunisia, the situation in the Middle East did not change but got even worse. Yet, the question about the middle eastern susceptibility towards authoritarianism remains. Many variables, such as pre-colonial state structures, patriarchy, ethnicities, level of poverty, or the colonial legacy, could answer this question. The following research paper will focus mainly on the variable of foreign influence in the middle east. The Paper's thesis statement is: Authoritarian systems in the Middle East are most likely to persist with a nation's foreign power. This variable gained, especially during the Arab Spring, new attention. The western countries (USA, EU) and Russia interfered, with sanctions, military, monetary or political support for or against the regime, into the Middle Eastern nations' internal struggle.

Uncharted Journey

Author : Thomas Carothers
Publisher : Carnegie Endowment
ISBN 13 : 0870032860
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncharted Journey by : Thomas Carothers

Download or read book Uncharted Journey written by Thomas Carothers and published by Carnegie Endowment. This book was released on 2010-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces no greater challenge today than successfully fulfilling its new ambition of helping bring about a democratic transformation of the Middle East. Uncharted Journey contributes a wealth of concise, illuminating insights on this subject, drawing on the contributors' deep knowledge of Arab politics and their substantial experience with democracy-building in other parts of the world. The essays in part one vividly dissect the state of Arab politics today, including an up-to-date examination of the political shock wave in the region produced by the invasion of Iraq. Part two and three set out a provocative exploration of the possible elements of a democracy promotion strategy for the region. The contributors identify potential false steps as well as a productive way forward, avoiding the twin shoals of either reflexive pessimism in the face of the daunting obstacles to Arab democratization or an unrealistic optimism that fails to take into account the region's political complexities. Contributors include Eva Bellin (Hunter College), Daniel Brumberg (Carnegie Endowment), Thomas Carothers (Carnegie Endowment), Michele Dunne (Georgetown University), Graham Fuller, Amy Hawthorne (Carnegie Endowment), Marina Ottaway (Carnegie Endowment), and Richard Youngs (Foreign Policy Centre).

Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East

Author : Marc Owen Jones
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197676502
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East by : Marc Owen Jones

Download or read book Digital Authoritarianism in the Middle East written by Marc Owen Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: You are being lied to by people who don't even exist. Digital deception is the new face of information warfare. Social media has been weaponised by states and commercial entities alike, as bots and trolls proliferate and users are left to navigate an infodemic of fake news and disinformation. In the Persian Gulf and the wider Middle East, where authoritarian regimes continue to innovate and adapt in the face of changing technology, online deception has reached new levels of audacity. From pro-Saudi entities that manipulate the tweets of the US president, to the activities of fake journalists and Western PR companies that whitewash human rights abuses, Marc Owen Jones' meticulous investigative research uncovers the full gamut of tactics used by Gulf regimes and their allies to deceive domestic and international audiences. In an age of global deception, this book charts the lengths bad actors will go to when seeking to impose their ideology and views on citizens around the world.

Middle East Authoritarianisms

Author : Steven Heydemann
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804784353
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Middle East Authoritarianisms by : Steven Heydemann

Download or read book Middle East Authoritarianisms written by Steven Heydemann and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The developments of early 2011 changes the political landscape of the Middle East. But even as urgent struggles continue, it remains clear that authoritarianism will survive this transformational moment. The study of authoritarian governance, therefore, remains essential for our understanding of the political dynamics and inner workings of regimes across the region. This volume considers the Syrian and Iranian regimes—what they share in common and what distinguishes them. Too frequently, authoritarianism has been assumed to be a generic descriptor of the region and differences among regimes have been overlooked. But as the political trajectories of Middle Eastern states diverge in years ahead, with some perhaps consolidating democratic gains while others remaining under distinct and resilient forms of authoritarian rule, understanding variations in modes of authoritarian governance and the attributes that promote regime resilience becomes an increasingly urgent priority.

Authoritarianism in Syria

Author : Steven Heydemann
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801429323
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (293 download)

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Book Synopsis Authoritarianism in Syria by : Steven Heydemann

Download or read book Authoritarianism in Syria written by Steven Heydemann and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State expansion caused the reorganization of social conflict, promoting intense polarization between radicals and conservatives, high levels of popular mobilization, and a shift in the preferences of the Ba'th from an accommodationist to a radically populist strategy for consolidating its system of rule."--BOOK JACKET.

The Lure of Authoritarianism

Author : Stephen J. King
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0253040892
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lure of Authoritarianism by : Stephen J. King

Download or read book The Lure of Authoritarianism written by Stephen J. King and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The works collected in The Lure of Authoritarianism consider the normative appeal of authoritarianism in light of the 2011 popular uprisings in the Middle East. Despite what seemed to be a popular revolution in favor of more democratic politics, there has instead been a slide back toward authoritarian regimes that merely gesture toward notions of democracy. In the chaos that followed the Arab Spring, societies were lured by the prospect of strong leaders with firm guiding hands. The shift toward normalizing these regimes seems sudden, but the works collected in this volume document a gradual shift toward support for authoritarianism over democracy that stretches back decades in North Africa. Contributors consider the ideological, socioeconomic, and security-based justifications of authoritarianism as well as the surprising and vigorous reestablishment of authoritarianism in these regions. With careful attention to local variations and differences in political strategies, the volume provides a nuanced and sweeping consideration of the changes in the Middle East in the past and what they mean for the future.