Payments Evolution From Paper To Electronic Payments By Merchant Type

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Payments Evolution from Paper to Electronic Payments by Merchant Type

Author : Ruth Cohen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Payments Evolution from Paper to Electronic Payments by Merchant Type by : Ruth Cohen

Download or read book Payments Evolution from Paper to Electronic Payments by Merchant Type written by Ruth Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of paper instruments-cash and checks-has been declining in the United States, and consumers have been gradually replacing paper with cards and electronic payments. Stavins (2021) examines the evolution of payments from paper to cards and electronic payments, while Shy (2020) shows the payments landscape across merchant types. This paper combines the cross-sectional analysis across merchants with the aggregate time series study to analyze the evolution of consumer payments by merchant type. Using data from a representative diary survey of US consumers collected annually over the past several years, we examine changes for each merchant type to assess which transactions shifted from paper to electronic payments and from in-person to remote transactions. We find that cash use declined faster than check use, in large part because transactions shifted from in person to remote. While the cash-use share of transactions dropped for almost all merchant types, changes in check use were much more heterogenous across merchants. COVID-19 accelerated the payments evolution away from cash for some merchant types, as their drop in cash payments was much larger during the pandemic than prior to it. Merchants whose transactions are typically conducted in person experienced the largest decline in cash payments during the pandemic. Regression results show that the probability of using either cash or checks declined significantly in 2019 and 2020, even after controlling for merchant types, the dollar value of transactions, and consumers' socio-demographic attributes.

Two-Sided Market, R&D and Payments System Evolution

Author : Bin Grace Li
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498304281
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Two-Sided Market, R&D and Payments System Evolution by : Bin Grace Li

Download or read book Two-Sided Market, R&D and Payments System Evolution written by Bin Grace Li and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It takes many years for more efficient electronic payments to be widely used, and the fees that merchants (consumers) pay for using those services are increasing (decreasing) over time. We address these puzzles by studying payments system evolution with a dynamic model in a twosided market setting. We calibrate the model to the U.S. payment card data, and conduct welfare and policy analysis. Our analysis shows that the market power of electronic payment networks plays important roles in explaining the slow adoption and asymmetric price changes, and the welfare impact of regulations may vary significantly through the endogenous R&D channel.

Electronic Value Exchange

Author : David L. Stearns
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1849961395
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (499 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Value Exchange by : David L. Stearns

Download or read book Electronic Value Exchange written by David L. Stearns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electronic Value Exchange examines in detail the transformation of the VISA electronic payment system from a collection of non-integrated, localized, paper-based bank credit card programs into the cooperative, global, electronic value exchange network it is today. Topics and features: provides a history of the VISA system from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s; presents a historical narrative based on research gathered from personal documents and interviews with key actors; investigates, for the first time, both the technological and social infrastructures necessary for the VISA system to operate; supplies a detailed case study, highlighting the mutual shaping of technology and social relations, and the influence that earlier information processing practices have on the way firms adopt computers and telecommunications; examines how “gateways” in transactional networks can reinforce or undermine established social boundaries, and reviews the establishment of trust in new payment devices.

The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States: Lessons for Emerging Market Economies

Author : B. David Humphrey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States: Lessons for Emerging Market Economies by : B. David Humphrey

Download or read book The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States: Lessons for Emerging Market Economies written by B. David Humphrey and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: October 1996 Lessons from the evolution of payment systems in Europe, Japan, and the United States provide a useful guide for emerging market economies in improving their own payment arrangements to foster economic growth. Some payment arrangements are more efficient than others in promoting economic growth in a market-based economy. The payment experience of industrial countries is diverse enough to identify those payment arrangements that provide the infrastructure for sustained growth and the emergence of market-based enterprise. Based on the historical experiences of Europe, Japan, and the United States, a number of country attributes have led to the intensive use of different payment instruments and, in some cases, a different mix of private and public ownership and participation in the payment system. Such attributes include country size, population density, banking structure, legal framework, safety, and payment instrument pricing. These attributes explain why Japan relies heavily on cash at the point of sale but uses electronic payments for bill payments and business transactions. They also are the reason Europe relies on credit-transfer giro payments for all types of transactions and the United States instead relies on checks. Finally, the fact that consumer payment needs were not met within the banking system led to the establishment of postal giros in Europe, while untimely business payments led to central bank involvement in payment processing in the United States. Unmet user needs, inefficient payment arrangements, differences in payment instrument costs, and improper pricing of payment services will determine the future structure of payment systems in emerging market economies just as they have determined the evolution of payment systems in industrial countries. The authors discuss these issues and apply the lessons learned to payment arrangements in emerging market economies. Although the evolution of payments has taken decades in industrial countries, emerging market economies hope to complete the process in just a few years, and so will benefit by having a better roadmap for transforming their payment systems. This paper - a product of the Financial Sector Development Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to promote the development of financial sector infrastructure to support banking and capital market activities.

The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States

Author : David B. Humphrey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States by : David B. Humphrey

Download or read book The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the United States written by David B. Humphrey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lessons from the evolution of payment systems in Europe, Japan, and the United States provide a useful guide for emerging market economies in improving their own payment arrangements to foster economic growth. Some payment arrangements are more efficient than others in promoting economic growth in a market-based economy. The payment experience of industrial countries is diverse enough to identify those payment arrangements that provide the infrastructure for sustained growth and the emergence of market-based enterprise.Based on the historical experiences of Europe, Japan, and the United States, a number of country attributes have led to the intensive use of different payment instruments and, in some cases, a different mix of private and public ownership and participation in the payment system. Such attributes include country size, population density, banking structure, legal framework, safety, and payment instrument pricing. These attributes explain why Japan relies heavily on cash at the point of sale but uses electronic payments for bill payments and business transactions. They also are the reason Europe relies on credit-transfer giro payments for all types of transactions and the United States instead relies on checks. Finally, the fact that consumer payment needs were not met within the banking system led to the establishment of postal giros in Europe, while untimely business payments led to central bank involvement in payment processing in the United States.Unmet user needs, inefficient payment arrangements, differences in payment instrument costs, and improper pricing of payment services will determine the future structure of payment systems in emerging market economies just as they have determined the evolution of payment systems in industrial countries. The authors discuss these issues and apply the lessons learned to payment arrangements in emerging market economies. Although the evolution of payments has taken decades in industrial countries, emerging market economies hope to complete the process in just a few years, and so will benefit by having a better roadmap for transforming their payment systems.This paper - a product of the Financial Sector Development Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to promote the development of financial sector infrastructure to support banking and capital market activities.

The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the U.S.

Author : David B. Humphrey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the U.S. by : David B. Humphrey

Download or read book The Evolution of Payments in Europe, Japan, and the U.S. written by David B. Humphrey and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

E-Payments Evolution

Author : Monika E. Hartmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis E-Payments Evolution by : Monika E. Hartmann

Download or read book E-Payments Evolution written by Monika E. Hartmann and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some observations from 2006 on innovation in retail payments in Europe are summarized in this article. The focus is on selected developments in the area of E-Payments. In principle, E-Payments may be defined as all payments that are initiated, processed and received electronically. One can distinguish between E-Commerce retail payments (business-to-consumer or B2C payments) and E-Payments amongst consumers (Private-to-Private or P2P payments), as well as electronic adoptions of “traditional” banking services (electronic transactions between a bank and its customers, e.g. for initiating credit transfers or authorising direct debits). However, there are overlaps between these categories. For instance, E-Banking services can also serve payment purposes between consumers and businesses or between private persons.

Electronic Payments and the U.S. Payments System

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Payments and the U.S. Payments System by :

Download or read book Electronic Payments and the U.S. Payments System written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electronic and paper-based payments systems consist of the various means buyers and sellers use to transfer monetary value among themselves. Electronic payments have been playing a critical role on the wholesale side of the payments system for decades. Trillions of dollars per day have been transferred routinely and securely through the wholesale payments system among parties, such as banks, corporations, the Federal Reserve, the Department of the Treasury, and other government agencies. More recently, electronic payment technologies have migrated to the retail side of the system, to households and individuals. In retail, however, the most popular methods of payment remain the more costly paper-based cash and check payments. In 2000, by one estimate, paper-based transactions accounted for two-thirds of all consumer payments, despite the promise of cost savings and convenience. Nevertheless, the volume of electronic retail payments has increased more rapidly during the last decade. The increase in the volume of electronic payments using credit and debit cards grew from 14% of total consumer transactions in 1990 to 31% in 2000. Still, by 2010 consumers will still be making about 50% of their payments with paper, according to the Nilson Report, an industry publication. With the great majority of wholesale banking transactions (institution to institution) being conducted electronically, the cost savings and convenience of electronic payments are a normal part of wholesale banking. A major step towards widespread electronic retail payments was the evolution of the automated clearing house (ACH) system to process wholesale and retail payments. The prevalent deployment of automated teller machines (ATMs) and point-of-sale (POS) terminals has supported the progress. The Internet and other technologies have also encouraged the use of electronic banking by individuals and households. The migration of electronic banking to the retail side of the payments system raises concerns about whether current laws and regulations will adequately cover new technologies and new payment methods. Current statutes address consumer protections in financial transactions involving credit cards and electronic funds transfer. The regulatory agencies have focused on fostering safety and soundness while minimizing their intrusion into the innovation process so as to allow the marketplace flexibility for product development. In November of 2001 federal regulators jointly issued a report, mandated by law (P.L. 106-102), that reviews regulations affecting the delivery of financial products and services including online delivery. However, the speed with which electronic payment technologies are being developed increases the danger of being unprepared with the appropriate regulatory and supervisory policy to protect electronic payments users and providers in time of crisis. This report will be updated as legislative and financial developments warrant.

Payment Systems in the Group of Ten Countries

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Payment Systems in the Group of Ten Countries by :

Download or read book Payment Systems in the Group of Ten Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

More than Money

Author : David S. Evans
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis More than Money by : David S. Evans

Download or read book More than Money written by David S. Evans and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paying with plastic has become a way of life for most consumers and merchants in the United States - as well as in many other nations around the world. Today, most Americans carry several payment cards in their wallets and most merchants accept many different brands of cards for payments. An intensely competitive industry services two sides of the market in the United States - consumers who wish to pay with plastic and merchants who are willing to be paid with plastic. A crucial element in the development of this industry was the emergence of the cooperative associations Visa and MasterCard. Both Visa and MasterCard represent a unique blend of competition and cooperation. Member banks cooperate in a few key areas that generate efficiencies for consumers and merchants - such as sharing the operation of the vast computer networks that now enable transactions to be completed in a few seconds. Members compete in every other dimension - interest rates, fees, service and innovative offerings. This paper tells the story of Visa and MasterCard - how they injected competition into the fledgling payment card industry and how the explosive growth that followed benefited American consumers and merchants alike.

Cash, Paper, and Electronic Payments

Author : David B. Humphrey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Cash, Paper, and Electronic Payments by : David B. Humphrey

Download or read book Cash, Paper, and Electronic Payments written by David B. Humphrey and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social cost of a payment system comprises between 1% to 1.5% of GDP. This cost can be reduced if non-cash payments shift from paper to electronics since the cost of an electronic payment is estimated to be from one-third to one-half that of a paper-based transaction. We examine the use of cash and five non-cash payment instruments in 14 developed countries over 1987-1993. Our purpose is (1) to outline the current use of check, paper giro, electronic giro, credit card, and debit card payments and (2) to determine why some payment instruments are used more intensively than others, especially electronic versus paper-based payments. Standard demand theory influences (own price and income), institutional factors, and simple availability measures across countries are examined, as is the effect of habit formation. Payment substitution relationships are also estimated and indicate that checks will decline with further growth of electronic payments while the instruments that make up electronic payments will tend to expand together rather than replace one another.

The Payment System

Author : Tom Kokkola
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789289906333
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The Payment System by : Tom Kokkola

Download or read book The Payment System written by Tom Kokkola and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is designed to provide the reader with an insight into the main concepts involved in the handling of payments, securities and derivatives and the organisation and functioning of the market infrastructure concerned. Emphasis is placed on the general principles governing the functioning of the relevant systems and processes and the presentation of the underlying economic, business, legal, institutional, organisational and policy issues. The book is aimed at decision-makers, practitioners, lawyers and academics wishing to acquire a deeper understanding of market infrastructure issues. It should also prove useful for students with an interest in monetary and financial issues."--Introduction (Pg. 20, para 8).

Electronic Payment Systems: a User-Centered Perspective and Interaction Design

Author : Dennis Abrazhevich
Publisher : Dennis Abrazhevich
ISBN 13 : 9038619480
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Payment Systems: a User-Centered Perspective and Interaction Design by : Dennis Abrazhevich

Download or read book Electronic Payment Systems: a User-Centered Perspective and Interaction Design written by Dennis Abrazhevich and published by Dennis Abrazhevich. This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Global Findex Database 2017

Author : Asli Demirguc-Kunt
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464812683
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Findex Database 2017 by : Asli Demirguc-Kunt

Download or read book The Global Findex Database 2017 written by Asli Demirguc-Kunt and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.

The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions

Author : Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780894991967
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions by : Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System

Download or read book The Federal Reserve System Purposes and Functions written by Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an in-depth overview of the Federal Reserve System, including information about monetary policy and the economy, the Federal Reserve in the international sphere, supervision and regulation, consumer and community affairs and services offered by Reserve Banks. Contains several appendixes, including a brief explanation of Federal Reserve regulations, a glossary of terms, and a list of additional publications.

Finance With A Purpose: Fintech, Development And Financial Inclusion In The Global Economy

Author : Frederic De Mariz
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1800612214
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Finance With A Purpose: Fintech, Development And Financial Inclusion In The Global Economy by : Frederic De Mariz

Download or read book Finance With A Purpose: Fintech, Development And Financial Inclusion In The Global Economy written by Frederic De Mariz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From vehicles to music, power generation to retail, every aspect of our daily routine has experienced drastic changes in the recent past, driven by secular forces such as digitization, a growing focus on sustainability, regulatory changes and evolving consumer behavior. Financial services are no exception. A paradigm change is at play in the financial sector, with a surge in competition from non-traditional actors, a revolution in customer experience evidenced by rising transparency and customer-centric strategies. FinTech is disrupting financial services, providing a historic opportunity for formally underserved customers, a formidable threat to existing banks and a critical challenge to regulators. Through the lens of FinTech (financial technology) — including payments, lending platforms, insurtech, superapps and market infrastructure — the author highlights the practical policy opportunities and risks of financial inclusion with a wealth of data.This book tells the story of entrepreneurs, companies, investors, researchers and regulators who are building the financial services of tomorrow and the mechanisms that will allow us as a society to fulfill the promise of inclusion. There are still challenges to overcome, particularly high levels of informality, subpar quality in financial services, and low levels of financial education. Regulators play a crucial role to foster inclusion, proposing sandboxes and stepping up their efforts against risks triggered by technology such as monopolistic behavior, consumer protection and cybercrime.Finance with a Purpose combines the theory in the fields of economics, finance and law with the practice of financial institutions, corporates, households and investors. By combining the latest academic research with ample professional experience in emerging markets, this book is essential for policymakers, scholars, and any reader who wants to understand the recent progress in financial inclusion and how it can be used to alleviate inequality and foster economic development.

The Evolution of Law against Payment Frauds

Author : Christopher Chen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 100080206X
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Law against Payment Frauds by : Christopher Chen

Download or read book The Evolution of Law against Payment Frauds written by Christopher Chen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-09 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the evolution of legal institutions in containing and tackling fraudulent activities plaguing payment systems (‘payment fraud’, e.g. forged cheques, wrongful payment instructions, etc.) in Asia, focusing on laws in Greater China and Singapore. In the past century, the payment system has invited much innovation, changing the modes of payments from exchanging cash and coins to the use of cards, wire transfers and other new types of payment instruments or services (e.g. bitcoins or QR code payments). As the nature of payment services is to move money from one place to another, it naturally attracts fraudsters. Even with advanced computer technology, payment fraud is still rampant in the market, causing billions of dollars in losses globally per annum. Through an examination of payment instruments and associated frauds over time, the book illustrates a shifting trend of legal solutions from criminal sanctions and civil compensation to a gradual focus on regulations of payment intermediaries. This trend reflects the complexity of payment systems and the challenge of protecting them. The book also identifies the underlying actors and institutional characteristics driving the evolution of legal institutions to deal with payment fraud and illustrates how the arrival of new technology may affect the market and thus the evolution of legal institutions. The book will help readers to better understand the interaction between technology, the market and law and help regulators, financial institutions, practitioners and end users, as well as about payment fraud and corresponding legal responses.