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Patterns Of Grassland Shrubland And Woodland Vegetation Abundance In Relation To Landscape Scale Environmental And Disturbance Variables Applegate Watershed Southwest Oregon
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Book Synopsis Patterns of Grassland, Shrubland, and Woodland Vegetation Abundance in Relation to Landscape-scale Environmental and Disturbance Variables, Applegate Watershed Southwest, Oregon by : Eric Pfaff
Download or read book Patterns of Grassland, Shrubland, and Woodland Vegetation Abundance in Relation to Landscape-scale Environmental and Disturbance Variables, Applegate Watershed Southwest, Oregon written by Eric Pfaff and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rangeland Ecology & Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Landscape Level Patterns in Biodiversity by : Christopher Heider
Download or read book Landscape Level Patterns in Biodiversity written by Christopher Heider and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the tropics, widespread deforestation and conversion of primary forests to agricultural and pasture lands has resulted in losses of composition, structure, and functions of forest landscapes. Deforestation in the tropics is typically preformed via slash-and-burn practices; the byproducts from combustion have been identified as the second-highest form of anthropogenically derived 'greenhouse-gases' (such as carbon dioxide) to the atmosphere, and have been linked to the warming of the earth. Landscape-scale measures of species composition and biomass structure of primary forests are important for two reasons: (i) they provide accurate, land-based measures to predict what has been lost due to land-uses, and (ii) they aid in the discovery of key factors which explain patterns in compositional and structural diversity that are useful for defining conservation objectives. In this thesis, I enumerate the landscape-level patterns in species composition and biomass and C structure for 20-0.79 ha primary tropical forest stands within the region of "Los Tuxtlas", Veracruz, Mexico. These 20 sites were selected to capture the variability in composition and structure with respect to an array of environmental variables. These variables included a wide elevational range (15-1280 m.a.s.l.), variable slopes (Range: 3-41% slope), 3 soil-types (ash derived, lava flows, and weathered soils), a gradient of mean annual temperatures (~19.5-25.7°C), a broad precipitation range (2500 - 4000 mm year−1), a rainfall frequency range (i.e. max rainfall in 24 hours; ranged 30->100 mm day−1), and 3 Holdridge Life Zones (Tropical Moist Forest, Subtropical Wet Forest, and Subtropical Lower Montane Rain Forest). Species composition was highly correlated with the environmental variables, particularly elevation. In general for plants ≥10 cm dbh, site species richness declined at a rate of ~2 species per 100 m rise in elevation. Forest sites located at similar elevations were most similar in their species compositions as compared with sites separated by large elevational differences. Despite the gradual change in species richness and composition, four sub-regions, or forest environments, within Los Tuxtlas were identified that had different species compositions and distinct combinations of elevation, soil-types, and climates. These four sub-regions were described as community-types according to their geographic location: Lowland-Reserve (LR), La Perla Plateau (LP), Volcanic Upslope (VU), and Cloud Forests (CF). The LR, LP, and VU community-types were coarsely described as Tropical Evergreen Forests (TEF's; INEGI 2001). All community-types corresponded with classifications within the Holdridge Life Zone System; the LR community-type was classified as Tropical (transition to Subtropical) Moist Forest; LP and VU community-types were classified as Subtropical Wet Forest, and the Cloud Forest community-type was classified as Subtropical Lower Montane Rain Forest. These community-types and Life Zones are useful tools for conservation, as they represent unique forests that collectively capture much of the variation in the species richness and compositional diversity of the Los Tuxtlas region. Unlike species composition, the variability in forest structure among the 18 TEF sites was not associated with the environmental variables of the Los Tuxtlas landscape. On average, TEF's had a total aboveground biomass (TAGB) of 422 ± 17 Mg ha−1 and 205 ± 8 Mg ha−1 total aboveground carbon (C). The TAGB and C pools for Cloud Forests was ~18% lower than TEF's, and averaged 346 ± 1 and 168 ± 1 Mg ha−1, respectively. The majority of this biomass difference was due to large trees within the forest structure. Cloud Forests had generally fewer trees ≥70 cm dbh, and a more even distribution of trees 30-70 cm dbh than TEF's. The biomass contribution of large trees (≥70 cm dbh) accounted for most, if not all, of the variation in TAGB and C for these tropical forests. The relatively high TAGB and C pools implicates Los Tuxtlas forests as a significant pool of aboveground biomass and C within the Neotropics.
Book Synopsis Conserving Biodiversity Outside Protected Areas by : Patricia Halladay
Download or read book Conserving Biodiversity Outside Protected Areas written by Patricia Halladay and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1995 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Limits to expansion of protected area systems underline the importance of seeking new ways to conserve biodiversity. The twelve case studies ranging from the High Andes to Viet Nam support the view that certain traditional agricultural and pastoral systems can succeed in attaining a sustainable level of production while at the same time maintaining both a high level of biodiversity and most functional aspects of the ecosystems.
Book Synopsis PRAIRIEMAP, a GIS Database for Prairie Grassland Management in Western North America by :
Download or read book PRAIRIEMAP, a GIS Database for Prairie Grassland Management in Western North America written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The PRAIRIEMAP web site (http://prairiemap.wr.usgs.gov) contains links to partners, documentation of the data, and a directory of GIS data that can be downloaded.
Book Synopsis Management of wildlife and fish habitats in forests of western Oregon and Washington by :
Download or read book Management of wildlife and fish habitats in forests of western Oregon and Washington written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applying Nature's Design by : Anthony Bennett Anderson
Download or read book Applying Nature's Design written by Anthony Bennett Anderson and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human actions are fragmenting habitats throughout the world. To address this problem, conservationists have set up biological corridors, areas of land set aside to facilitate the movement of species and ecological processes. This book offers an overview of the design and effectiveness of these corridors.
Book Synopsis Earth Observation of Wildland Fires in Mediterranean Ecosystems by : Emilio Chuvieco
Download or read book Earth Observation of Wildland Fires in Mediterranean Ecosystems written by Emilio Chuvieco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-25 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires are becoming one of the most critical environmental factors affecting a wide range of ecosystems worldwide. In Mediterranean ecosystems (including also South-Africa, California, parts of Chile and Australia), wildland fires are recurrent phenomena every summer, following the seasonal drought. As a result of changes in traditional land use practices, and the impact of recent climate warming, fires have more negative impacts in the last years, threatening lives, socio-economic and ecological values. The book describes the ecological context of fires in the Mediterranean ecosystems, and provides methods to observe fire danger conditions and fire impacts using Earth Observation and Geographic Information System technologies.
Download or read book Turning the Tide written by C. R. Veitch and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes papers and abstracts dealing with eradication of invasive species in Alaska, Australia, Baker Island, California, Christmas Island, Enderby and Rose Islands, Galapagos Islands, Hawaii, Howland Island, Japan, Jarvis Island, Laysan Island, Lord Howe Island, Mauritius, Mexico, Nauru, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Northern Mariana Islands, Saint-Paul Island, Seychelles, West Indies.
Author :Robert K. Hitchcock Publisher :Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press ISBN 13 :193877020X Total Pages :387 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (387 download)
Book Synopsis Information and Its Role in Hunter-Gatherer Bands by : Robert K. Hitchcock
Download or read book Information and Its Role in Hunter-Gatherer Bands written by Robert K. Hitchcock and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2011-12-31 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information and its Role in Hunter-Gatherer Bands explores the question of how information, broadly conceived, is acquired, stored, circulated, and utilized in small-scale hunter-gatherer societies, or bands. Given the nature of this question, the volume brings together a group of scholars from multiple disciplines, including archaeology, ethnography, linguistics, and evolutionary ecology. Each of these specialties deals with the question of information in different ways and with different sets of data given different primacy. The fundamental goal of the volume is to bridge disciplines and subdisciplines, open discussion, and see if some common ground-either theoretical perspectives, general principles, or methodologies-can be developed upon which to build future research on the role of information in hunter-gatherer bands.
Book Synopsis Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science by : Mark D. Schwartz
Download or read book Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science written by Mark D. Schwartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenology is the study of plant and animal life cycle events, which are triggered by environmental changes, especially temperature. Wide ranges of phenomena are included, from first openings of leaf and flower buds, to insect hatchings and return of birds. Each one gives a ready measure of the environment as viewed by the associated organism. Thus, phenological events are ideal indicators of the impact of local and global changes in weather and climate on the earth's biosphere. Assessing our changing world is a complex task that requires close cooperation from experts in biology, climatology, ecology, geography, oceanography, remote sensing and other areas. This book is a synthesis of current phenological knowledge, designed as a primer on the field for global change and general scientists, students and interested members of the public. With contributions from a diverse group of over fifty phenological experts, covering data collection, current research, methods and applications, it demonstrates the accomplishments and potential of phenology as an integrative environmental science.
Book Synopsis Fire Ecology and Management: Past, Present, and Future of US Forested Ecosystems by : Cathryn H. Greenberg
Download or read book Fire Ecology and Management: Past, Present, and Future of US Forested Ecosystems written by Cathryn H. Greenberg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume presents original scientific research and knowledge synthesis covering the past, present, and potential future fire ecology of major US forest types, with implications for forest management in a changing climate. The editors and authors highlight broad patterns among ecoregions and forest types, as well as detailed information for individual ecoregions, for fire frequencies and severities, fire effects on tree mortality and regeneration, and levels of fire-dependency by plant and animal communities. The foreword addresses emerging ecological and fire management challenges for forests, in relation to sustainable development goals as highlighted in recent government reports. An introductory chapter highlights patterns of variation in frequencies, severities, scales, and spatial patterns of fire across ecoregions and among forested ecosystems across the US in relation to climate, fuels, topography and soils, ignition sources (lightning or anthropogenic), and vegetation. Separate chapters by respected experts delve into the fire ecology of major forest types within US ecoregions, with a focus on the level of plant and animal fire-dependency, and the role of fire in maintaining forest composition and structure. The regional chapters also include discussion of historic natural (lightning-ignited) and anthropogenic (Native American; settlers) fire regimes, current fire regimes as influenced by recent decades of fire suppression and land use history, and fire management in relation to ecosystem integrity and restoration, wildfire threat, and climate change. The summary chapter combines the major points of each chapter, in a synthesis of US-wide fire ecology and forest management into the future. This book provides current, organized, readily accessible information for the conservation community, land managers, scientists, students and educators, and others interested in how fire behavior and effects on structure and composition differ among ecoregions and forest types, and what that means for forest management today and in the future.
Book Synopsis Inventory and Monitoring of Wildlife Habitat by : Allen Y. Cooperrider
Download or read book Inventory and Monitoring of Wildlife Habitat written by Allen Y. Cooperrider and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Integrated Coastal Zone Management by : Wim Salomons
Download or read book Perspectives on Integrated Coastal Zone Management written by Wim Salomons and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All coastal areas are facing a growing range of stresses and shocks, the scale of which now poses threats to the resilience of both human and environmental coastal systems. Responsible agencies are seeking better ways of managing the causes and consequences of the environmental change process in coastal zones. This volume discusses the basic principles underpinning a more integrated approach to coastal management and highlights the obstacles that may be met in practice in both developed and developing countries. Successful strategies will have to encompass all the elements of management, from planning and design through financing and implementation, as highlighted in this book.
Book Synopsis Tropical Fire Ecology by : Mark Cochrane
Download or read book Tropical Fire Ecology written by Mark Cochrane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-11 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tropics are home to most of the world’s biodiversity and are currently the frontier for human settlement. Tropical ecosystems are being converted to agricultural and other land uses at unprecedented rates. Land conversion and maintenance almost always rely on fire and, because of this, fire is now more prevalent in the tropics than anywhere else on Earth. Despite pervasive fire, human settlement and threatened biodiversity, there is little comprehensive information available on fire and its effects in tropical ecosystems. Tropical deforestation, especially in rainforests, has been widely documented for many years. Forests are cut down and allowed to dry before being burned to remove biomass and release nutrients to grow crops. However, fires do not always stop at the borders of cleared forests. Tremendously damaging fires are increasingly spreading into forests that were never evolutionarily prepared for wild fires. The largest fires on the planet in recent decades have occurred in tropical forests and burned millions of hectares in several countries. The numerous ecosystems of the tropics have differing levels of fire resistance, resilience or dependence. At present, there is little appreciation of the seriousness of the wild fire situation in tropical rainforests but there is even less understanding of the role that fire plays in the ecology of many fire adapted tropical ecosystems, such as savannas, grasslands and other forest types.
Book Synopsis Conservation Monitoring in Freshwater Habitats by : Clive Hurford
Download or read book Conservation Monitoring in Freshwater Habitats written by Clive Hurford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in the terrestrial environment, most data collection from freshwater habitats to date falls into the survey, surveillance or research categories. The critical difference between these exercises and a monitoring project is that a monitoring project will clearly identify when we need to make a management response. A Model for Conservation Management and Monitoring Monitoring (as defined by Hellawell) is essentially a tool of practical conservation management, and Fig. 1.1 shows a simple, but effective, model for nature conser- tion management and monitoring. The need for clear decision-making is implicit in this model. First we must decide what would represent a favourable state for the key habitat or species, and then we must decide when to intervene if the state is (or becomes) unfavourable. A third, often overlooked, but equally important, decision concerns when we would consider the habitat or species to have recovered; this is unlikely to be the same point that we became concerned about it. This decision not only has resource imp- cations, it can also have major implications for other habitats and species (prey species are an obvious example). All of these decisions are essential to the devel- ment of an efficient and effective monitoring project.
Book Synopsis Technologies to Benefit Agriculture and Wildlife by :
Download or read book Technologies to Benefit Agriculture and Wildlife written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
