Parameters Facilitating Lexical Processing And Syntactic Retrieval In Neurotypical Adults And Individuals With Aphasia

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Parameters Facilitating Lexical Processing and Syntactic Retrieval in Neurotypical Adults and Individuals with Aphasia

Author : Carolyn June Baker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Parameters Facilitating Lexical Processing and Syntactic Retrieval in Neurotypical Adults and Individuals with Aphasia by : Carolyn June Baker

Download or read book Parameters Facilitating Lexical Processing and Syntactic Retrieval in Neurotypical Adults and Individuals with Aphasia written by Carolyn June Baker and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aphasia is a language disorder that affects approximately 1 million US stroke survivors and results in impaired communication across modalities, often with detrimental effects on autonomy and quality of life. While the extent to which these domains are affected vary from person to person, a common symptom found in many individuals with aphasia is sentence comprehension impairment, which are most notable with complex (noncanonical) sentences that require establishing a long-distance relationship between non-adjacent sentence constituents. Of interest to the work presented here are the ways in which auditory sentence input is processed and interpreted. Evidence in the literature implicates lexical-level processing impairments, such as delayed and/or reduced activation of lexico-semantic information, as contributors to syntactic processing disruptions and sentence comprehension deficits. By limiting timely lexical activation during sentence processing, these impairments can also preclude successful lexical encoding and amplify the processing costs of similarity-based interference during syntactic retrieval (i.e., dependency linking). A series of studies are presented to explore three different approaches (processing time, attentional engagement, and semantic pre-activation) to facilitate lexical access and strengthen concomitant encoding of a target word in a sentence. The effects of these approaches on real-time lexical and syntactic processing during complex (object-relative) sentence processing was examined using eye-tracking-while-listening methodology in neurotypical college-age adults (YNC), older adults (age-matched controls, AMC) and individuals with aphasia (IWA). In each of these approaches, I ask whether enhancing the processing of a target lexical item during sentence processing will 1) facilitate its lexical access and encoding, 2) increase its availability for downstream syntactic retrieval operations, and 3) improve sentence comprehension. This novel area of exploration has the potential to improve our understanding of the interaction between lexical and syntactic levels within sentence processing and the cognitive and linguistic factors promoting lexical processing within a sentence context.

Determiner Primes as Facilitators of Lexical Retrieval in Healthy Speakers and Individuals with Aphasia

Author : Emma Joanne Gregory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (857 download)

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Book Synopsis Determiner Primes as Facilitators of Lexical Retrieval in Healthy Speakers and Individuals with Aphasia by : Emma Joanne Gregory

Download or read book Determiner Primes as Facilitators of Lexical Retrieval in Healthy Speakers and Individuals with Aphasia written by Emma Joanne Gregory and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Assessment and intervention for word finding deficits in aphasia address lexical retrieval in isolation from syntactic processing. Theories in linguistics and psycholinguistics, however, are increasingly adopting a more integrated approach to lexical and syntactic processing. Prominent models of spoken word production suggest that syntactic information relating to nouns is represented within the lexical architecture. Activation of such syntactic information may influence noun production. Only a small number of studies have explored the inf1uence of syntax on noun production in English. Even fewer studies have explored the influence of syntactic cues on noun production in aphasia. Aims & Methods The study included two phases: a normative phase and a therapy study. The aim of the first phase was to investigate the effects of different syntactic primes on naming accuracy and reaction times in healthy speakers. In a series of three experiments, participants named pictures of mass and count nouns following exposure to phrasal or clausal primes. The implications for models of spoken word production were considered. The data from the normative phase informed the construction of a syntactic cueing assessment and therapy program for word-finding in aphasia. The aims of this phase were to explore the effect of syntactic cues on immediate and longer-term naming and noun production in connected speech for three individuals with aphasia. Outcomes and Results Experiments I and 2 showed facilitation of noun production for healthy speakers following exposure to determiners which frequently paired with target nouns. Experiment 3 also demonstrated speeded naming following primes containing determiners. These effects were most marked when the determiner was presented within a clause. Findings from the aphasia case studies showed facilitation of immediate naming following syntactic cues for two individuals with aphasia. The pattern observed mirrored the results from healthy speakers. Following therapy, all three participants showed gains for words treated in picture naming. Improvements in untreated words 2 were observed for one participant. Two participants showed improved noun production in connected speech. Conclusion Evidence from both healthy speakers and individuals with aphasia indicates that lexical and syntactic processes interact in noun production. Models of spoken word production need to account for the influence of syntax on single word processing. It is possible that anomia therapies which target lexical and syntactic structures together increase the likelihood of generalization of therapy effects to untreated words and to noun production in connected speech.

Processing Relationships Between the Comprehension of Syntax and Lexical-semantics in Adult Aphasia

Author : Katharine H. Odell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Processing Relationships Between the Comprehension of Syntax and Lexical-semantics in Adult Aphasia by : Katharine H. Odell

Download or read book Processing Relationships Between the Comprehension of Syntax and Lexical-semantics in Adult Aphasia written by Katharine H. Odell and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effects of Emotional Stimuli on Language Processing in Aging Adults and People with Aphasia

Author : Deena Schwen Blackett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Emotional Stimuli on Language Processing in Aging Adults and People with Aphasia by : Deena Schwen Blackett

Download or read book The Effects of Emotional Stimuli on Language Processing in Aging Adults and People with Aphasia written by Deena Schwen Blackett and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Word retrieval is a vital language process that we use every day to communicate. Various factors affect how quickly and accurately we retrieve words, such as word frequency, concreteness, and word length. Emotionality of stimuli has been shown to affect other language processes, such as word recognition, but few studies have investigated the impact of emotional stimuli on word retrieval. This dissertation, comprised of three manuscripts, examines this question in neurotypical adults and people with aphasia (PWA) for whom word retrieval problems (anomia) are pervasive. The first manuscript is a scoping review of the current literature on the effects of emotional stimuli on language processing, revealing the state of the evidence in this population, which is sparse. Results showed that emotional stimuli result in better language performance for several different language processes, but findings were inconsistent.

Facilitating Word Retrieval in People with Aphasia

Author : J. Grassly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Facilitating Word Retrieval in People with Aphasia by : J. Grassly

Download or read book Facilitating Word Retrieval in People with Aphasia written by J. Grassly and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Anomia

Author : Matti Laine
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134839936
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Anomia by : Matti Laine

Download or read book Anomia written by Matti Laine and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naming is a fundamental aspect of language. Word-finding deficit, anomia, is the most common symptom of language dysfunction occurring after brain damage. Besides its practical importance, anomia gives a fascinating view on the inner workings of language in the brain. There has been significant progress in the study of anomia in recent years, including advances in neuroimaging research and in psycholinguistic modelling. Written by two internationally known researchers in the field, this book provides a broad, integrated overview of current research on anomia. Beginning with an overview of psycholinguistic research on normal word retrieval as well as the influential cognitive models of naming, the book goes on to review the major forms of anomia. Neuroanatomical aspects, clinical assessment, and therapeutic approaches are reviewed and evaluated. Anomia: Theoretical and Clinical Aspects gives a thorough and up-to-date examination of the research and treatment of naming disorders in neurological patients. It covers both theory and practice and provides invaluable reading for researchers and practitioners in speech and language disorders, neuropsychology and neurology, as well for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students in the field.

Simplified Signs

Author : John D.. Bonvillian
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Simplified Signs by : John D.. Bonvillian

Download or read book Simplified Signs written by John D.. Bonvillian and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simplified Signs presents a system of manual sign communication intended for special populations who have had limited success mastering spoken or full sign languages. It is the culmination of over twenty years of research and development by the authors. The Simplified Sign System has been developed and tested for ease of sign comprehension, memorization, and formation by limiting the complexity of the motor skills required to form each sign, and by ensuring that each sign visually resembles the meaning it conveys. Volume 1 outlines the research underpinning and informing the project, and places the Simplified Sign System in a wider context of sign usage, historically and by different populations. Volume 2 presents the lexicon of signs, totaling approximately 1000 signs, each with a clear illustration and a written description of how the sign is formed, as well as a memory aid that connects the sign visually to the meaning that it conveys. While the Simplified Sign System originally was developed to meet the needs of persons with intellectual disabilities, cerebral palsy, autism, or aphasia, it may also assist the communication needs of a wider audience - such as healthcare professionals, aid workers, military personnel, travellers or parents, and children who have not yet mastered spoken language. The system also has been shown to enhance learning for individuals studying a foreign language. Lucid and comprehensive, this work constitutes a valuable resource that will enhance the communicative interactions of many different people, and will be of great interest to researchers and educators alike. As with all Open Book publications, this entire book is available to read for free on the publisher's website. Printed and digital editions, together with supplementary digital material, can also be found at www.openbookpublishers.com.

Language Intervention Strategies in Adult Aphasia

Author : Roberta Chapey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Intervention Strategies in Adult Aphasia by : Roberta Chapey

Download or read book Language Intervention Strategies in Adult Aphasia written by Roberta Chapey and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly revised and updated Fourth Edition continues to focus on speech therapy, addressing concerns that aid in the rehabilitation and recovery of aphasia patients. Topics include: assessment of language and communication, principles of language intervention, restorative approaches to language intervention, cognitive neuropsychological approach implications, functional intervention, and treatment for each syndrome. Other approaches and therapy for associated neuropathologies of speech and language related functions are also discussed. For more information, visit http: //connection.LWW.com/go/chapey.

The Oscillatory Nature of Language

Author : Elliot Murphy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108836313
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oscillatory Nature of Language by : Elliot Murphy

Download or read book The Oscillatory Nature of Language written by Elliot Murphy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a theory of how language is processed in the brain and provides a state-of-the-art review of current neuroscientific debates.

Comprehensive Aphasia Test

Author : Taylor & Francis Group
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780367761615
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Aphasia Test by : Taylor & Francis Group

Download or read book Comprehensive Aphasia Test written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Object and Action Naming Battery

Author : Judit Druks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780863778889
Total Pages : 57 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis An Object and Action Naming Battery by : Judit Druks

Download or read book An Object and Action Naming Battery written by Judit Druks and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This test provides a resource for clinical practice, for aphasia research and for psycholinguistic research. It was developed in response to an acknowledgement of the need for the thorough assessment of verb knowledge in aphasic patients, and with an empasis on the design of therapies that specifically target verb deficits. The materials will also be useful for research into verb processing and representational differences between verbs and nouns, including brain imaging studies. The Battery consists of line drawings of 162 objects and 100 actions together with ratings for age-of-acquisition, familiarity and imageability of the verbal labels of the pictures. Visual complexity ratings for the pictures, printed word frequency values of the verbal labels, and information about the syntactic realisation of the action labels are also provided. At least 93% name agreement was achieved in collecting naming responses for each the pictures in the Battery from a group of respondents. The object and action pictures in the Battery are matched on printed word frequency, rated age-of-acquisition, and rated familiarity of the verbal labels. These psycholinguistic variables have been shown to be important predictors of naming performance. The pictures and printed verbal labels can be presented for picture naming, reading, writing to dictation, repetition, semantic classification and can easily be adapted for use in comprehension tests and word-picture verification tasks. The materials can also be used in lexical decision tasks and priming studies.

The Metaphorical Brain

Author : Seana Coulson
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889197727
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis The Metaphorical Brain by : Seana Coulson

Download or read book The Metaphorical Brain written by Seana Coulson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphor has been an issue of intense research and debate for decades (see, for example [1]). Researchers in various disciplines, including linguistics, psychology, computer science, education, and philosophy have developed a variety of theories, and much progress has been made [2]. For one, metaphor is no longer considered a rhetorical flourish that is found mainly in literary texts. Rather, linguists have shown that metaphor is a pervasive phenomenon in everyday language, a major force in the development of new word meanings, and the source of at least some grammatical function words [3]. Indeed, one of the most influential theories of metaphor involves the suggestion that the commonality of metaphoric language results because cross-domain mappings are a major determinant in the organization of semantic memory, as cognitive and neural resources for dealing with concrete domains are recruited for the conceptualization of more abstract ones [4]. Researchers in cognitive neuroscience have explored whether particular kinds of brain damage are associated with metaphor production and comprehension deficits, and whether similar brain regions are recruited when healthy adults understand the literal and metaphorical meanings of the same words (see [5] for a review) . Whereas early research on this topic focused on the issue of the role of hemispheric asymmetry in the comprehension and production of metaphors [6], in recent years cognitive neuroscientists have argued that metaphor is not a monolithic category, and that metaphor processing varies as a function of numerous factors, including the novelty or conventionality of a particular metaphoric expression, its part of speech, and the extent of contextual support for the metaphoric meaning (see, e.g., [7], [8], [9]). Moreover, recent developments in cognitive neuroscience point to a sensorimotor basis for many concrete concepts, and raise the issue of whether these mechanisms are ever recruited to process more abstract domains [10]. This Frontiers Research Topic brings together contributions from researchers in cognitive neuroscience whose work involves the study of metaphor in language and thought in order to promote the development of the neuroscientific investigation of metaphor. Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, it synthesizes current findings on the cognitive neuroscience of metaphor, provides a forum for voicing novel perspectives, and promotes avenues for new research on the metaphorical brain. [1] Arbib, M. A. (1989). The metaphorical brain 2: Neural networks and beyond. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [2] Gibbs Jr, R. W. (Ed.). (2008). The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought. Cambridge University Press. [3] Sweetser, Eve E. "Grammaticalization and semantic bleaching." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society. Vol. 14. 2011. [4] Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1999). Philosophy in the flesh: The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought. Basic books. [5] Coulson, S. (2008). Metaphor comprehension and the brain. The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought, 177-194. [6] Winner, E., & Gardner, H. (1977). The comprehension of metaphor in brain-damaged patients. Brain, 100(4), 717-729. [7] Coulson, S., & Van Petten, C. (2007). A special role for the right hemisphere in metaphor comprehension?: ERP evidence from hemifield presentation. Brain Research, 1146, 128-145. [8] Lai, V. T., Curran, T., & Menn, L. (2009). Comprehending conventional and novel metaphors: An ERP study. Brain Research, 1284, 145-155. [9] Schmidt, G. L., Kranjec, A., Cardillo, E. R., & Chatterjee, A. (2010). Beyond laterality: a critical assessment of research on the neural basis of metaphor. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16(01), 1-5. [10] Desai, R. H., Binder, J. R., Conant, L. L., Mano, Q. R., & Seidenberg, M. S. (2011). The neural career of sensory-motor metaphors. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(9), 2376-2386.

Understanding Aphasia

Author : Harold Goodglass
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Aphasia by : Harold Goodglass

Download or read book Understanding Aphasia written by Harold Goodglass and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive, interpretive account of aphasia written to appeal to a broad audience. It combines historical, anatomic, and psychological approaches toward understanding the nature of aphasia. Included is a discussion of the brain-language relationship, the symptoms and syndromes common to aphasia, and alternative approaches to classification. Integrates phenomenology of aphasic symptoms with the anatomy of language and current theories of brain-language relations Traces history of aphasic theory, from pre-Broca to contemporary theory Provides detailed review of manifestations of aphasia in every language modality Contains critical analysis of neurolinguistic inter-relations

The Cambridge Handbook of Communication Disorders

Author : Louise Cummings
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107470226
Total Pages : 730 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Communication Disorders by : Louise Cummings

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Communication Disorders written by Louise Cummings and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many children and adults experience impairment of their communication skills. These communication disorders impact adversely on all aspects of these individuals' lives. In thirty dedicated chapters, The Cambridge Handbook of Communication Disorders examines the full range of developmental and acquired communication disorders and provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive guide to the epidemiology, aetiology and clinical features of these disorders. The volume also examines how these disorders are assessed and treated by speech and language therapists and addresses recent theoretical developments in the field. The handbook goes beyond well-known communication disorders to include populations such as children with emotional disturbance, adults with non-Alzheimer dementias and people with personality disorders. Each chapter describes in accessible terms the most recent thinking and research in communication disorders. The volume is an ideal guide for academic researchers, graduate students and professionals in speech and language therapy.

Biological Studies of Mental Processes

Author : David Caplan
Publisher : Mit Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262530415
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Studies of Mental Processes by : David Caplan

Download or read book Biological Studies of Mental Processes written by David Caplan and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1982-01-01 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These fifteen contributions by well-known linguists, psychologists, and neuroscientists explore the new concepts and themes that extend and revise previously held ideas about the biology of cognition.

Agrammatic Aphasia

Author : Lise Menn
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902722045X
Total Pages : 2014 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrammatic Aphasia by : Lise Menn

Download or read book Agrammatic Aphasia written by Lise Menn and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 2014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major reference work fills a need long recognized in neurolinguistics: a source for analyzable speech transcripts from agrammatic aphasic patients that provides detailed grammatical descriptions and distributional analyses. This 3-volume set is unique in that it presents narrative speech from carefully selected clinically comparable patients, speakers of 14 languages, and parallel narratives by normal speakers. For each of the 14 languages there is a case presentation chapter analyzing and discussing the language of agrammatic patients, followed by primary data, which are organized as follows: running text of speech by two patients; interlinear morphemic translations of those texts; running text of speech elicited from two normal control subjects (plus interlinear translations); tables and figures analyzing distributional properties of the patients' speech; results of comprehension tests of the patients; transcriptions of patients' oral reading and writing samples. Neurological information is included with the case presentations, and a short grammatical sketch of each language is added to make the work on all languages accessible even to those who only read English. Language findings are presented for English, Dutch, German, Icelandic, Swedish, French, Italian, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, Hindi, Finnish, Hebrew, Chinese and Japanese.The book is an indispensable reference work for all linguists, psycholinguists and neurolinguists who wish to test their theories against a massive body of data.

Clinical Aspects of Dysphasia

Author : M.L. Albert
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709186056
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Aspects of Dysphasia by : M.L. Albert

Download or read book Clinical Aspects of Dysphasia written by M.L. Albert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is one in a series of monographs being issued under the general title of "Disorders of Human Communication". Each monograph deals in detail with a particular aspect of vocal communication and its disorders, and is written by internationally distinguished experts. Therefore, the series will provide an authoritative source of up-to-date scientific and clinical informa tion relating to the whole field of normal and abnormal speech communication, and as such will succeed the earlier monumental work "Handbuch der Stimm und Sprachheilkunde" by R. Luchsinger and G. E. Arnold (last issued in 1970). This series will prove invaluable for clinicians, teachers and research workers in phoniatrics and logopaedics, phonetics and linguistics, speech pathology, otolaryngology, neurology and neurosurgery, psychology and psychiatry, paediatrics and audiology. Several of the monographs will also be useful to voice and singing teachers, and to their pupils. G. E. Arnold, Jackson, Miss. F. Winckel, Berlin B. D. Wyke, London Preface Neurologists, neuropsychologists, speech pathologists and other clinicians who care for dysphasic patients have often complained that available books on dysphasia tend to be parochially theoretical, and insufficiently directed towards clinical reality. These books provide the categories, labels, and theoretical speculations of one school or another; but dysphasic patients as often as not do not fit neatly into a specific theoretical category. Clinical patterns of dysphasic syndromes of most patients with dysphasia rarely conform fully to the pictures painted in the textbooks.