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Author : Igor de Rachewiltz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780571082933
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (829 download)
Download or read book Papal Envoys to the Great Khans written by Igor de Rachewiltz and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bolesław Szcześniak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (864 download)
Download or read book "Papal Envoys to the Great Khans" by I. de Rachewiltz written by Bolesław Szcześniak and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Hope
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191081086
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Power, Politics, and Tradition in the Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate of Iran written by Michael Hope and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a new interpretation of how political authority was conceived and transmitted in the Early Mongol Empire (1227-1259) and its successor state in the Middle East, the Īlkhānate (1258-1335). Authority within the Mongol Empire was intimately tied to the character of its founder, Chinggis Khan, whose reign served as an idealized model for the exercise of legitimate authority amongst his political successors. Yet Chinggis Khan's legacy was interpreted differently by the various factions within his army. In the years after his death, two distinct political traditions emerged within the Mongol Empire, the collegial and the patrimonialist. Each of these streams represented the economic and political interests of different groups within the Mongol Empire, respectively, the military aristocracy and the central government. The supporters of both streams claimed to adhere to the ideal of Chinggisid rule, but their different statuses within the Mongol community led them to hold divergent views of what constituted legitimate political authority. Michael Hope's study details the origin of, and the differences between, these two streams of tradition; analyzing the role that these streams played in the political development of the Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate; and assessing the role that ideological tension between the two streams played in the events leading up to the division of the Īlkhānate. Hope demonstrates that the policy and identity of both the Early Mongol Empire and the Īlkhānate were defined by the conflict between these competing streams of Chinggisid authority.
Author : Robert Marshall
Publisher : Canelo + ORM
ISBN 13 : 1800326459
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Storm from the East written by Robert Marshall and published by Canelo + ORM. This book was released on 2022-06-13 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest conquest in history Genghis Khan left an empire more than twice the size of Alexander’s: his successors went on to conquer and govern an area stretching from Korea to the River Danube. How did a band of nomadic herdsmen achieve so much, so fast? Despite these stunning achievements, many writers dismiss the Mongols as just ferocious barbarians. This bestselling book sets the record straight. The epic starts in 1206 - when Genghis became master of ‘all the people with felt tents’ and an unknown tribe took the first steps towards world domination - and ends with the empire’s decline and fall, after Khubilai Khan’s triumphant unification with China. Robert Marshall describes their devastating invasions, including that of feudal Europe and Christendom’s clumsy attempts to understand and fend off these legendary warriors. Full of extraordinary events, painted on a vast and colourful canvas, Storm from the East brings to life a time when East and West finally came face to face and the contours of modern Asia were set. ‘Storm from the East does not seek to excuse Mongol excesses - yet Robert Marshall appears to speak for the Mongols... A fascinating voyage through time and space’ Thomas Nivison Haining in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
Author : Matthew J. Flynn
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1438121318
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (381 download)
Download or read book China Contested written by Matthew J. Flynn and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International in scope and analytical in approach,
Author : Chris Peers
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1783400560
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (834 download)
Download or read book Genghis Khan and the Mongol War Machine written by Chris Peers and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a soldier and general, statesman and empire-builder, Genghis Khan is an almost legendary figure. His remarkable achievements and his ruthless methods have given rise to a sinister reputation. As Chris Peers shows, in this concise and authoritative study, he possessed exceptional gifts as a leader and manager of men - he ranks among the greatest military commanders - but he can only be properly understood in terms of the Mongol society and traditions he was born into. So the military and cultural background of the Mongols, and the nature of steppe societies and their armies, are major themes of his book. He looks in detail at the military skills, tactics and ethos of the Mongol soldiers, and at the advantages and disadvantages they had in combat with the soldiers of more settled societies. His book offers a fascinating fresh perspective on Genghis Khan the man and on the armies he led.
Author : Morris Rossabi
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520261321
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Khubilai Khan written by Morris Rossabi and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-11-02 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living from 1215 to 1294, Khubilai Khan is one of history’s most renowned figures. Morris Rossabi draws on sources from a variety of East Asian, Middle Eastern, and European languages as he focuses on the life and times of the great Mongol monarch. This 20th anniversary edition is updated with a new preface examining how twenty years of scholarly and popular portraits of Khubilai have shaped our understanding of the man and his time.
Author : John Block Friedman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135591016
Total Pages : 1446 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (355 download)
Download or read book Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages written by John Block Friedman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 1446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade, Travel, and Exploration: An Encyclopedia is a reference book that covers the peoples, places, technologies, and intellectual concepts that contributed to trade, travel and exploration during the Middle Ages, from the years A.D. 525 to 1492.
Author : John Man
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 144648615X
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (464 download)
Download or read book Kublai Khan written by John Man and published by Random House. This book was released on 2012-03-31 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure dome decree Kublai Khan lives on in the popular imagination thanks to these two lines of poetry by Coleridge. But the true story behind this legend is even more fantastic than the poem would have us believe. He inherited the second largest land empire in history from his grandfather, Genghis Khan. He promptly set about extending this into the biggest empire the world has ever seen, extending his rule from China to Iraq, from Siberia to Afghanistan. His personal domain covered sixty-percent of all Asia, and one-fifth of the world's land area. The West first learnt of this great Khan through the reports of Marco Polo. Kublai had not been born to rule, but had clawed his way to leadership, achieving power only in his 40s. He had inherited Genghis Khan's great dream of world domination. But unlike his grandfather he saw China and not Mongolia as the key to controlling power and turned Genghis' unwieldy empire into a federation. Using China's great wealth, coupled with his shrewd and subtle government, he created an empire that was the greatest since the fall of Rome, and shaped the modern world as we know it today. He gave China its modern-day borders and his legacy is that country's resurgence, and the superpower China of tomorrow.
Author : Ahmed M. A. Sheir
Publisher : Trivent Publishing
ISBN 13 : 6156405291
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (564 download)
Download or read book The Prester John Legend between East and West During the Crusades written by Ahmed M. A. Sheir and published by Trivent Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-22 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book considers the history of the Prester John legend and its impact on the Crusades, investigating its entangled mythical history between East and West during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The present study thus responds to the still pressing need for a comprehensive historical investigation of the twelfth and thirteenth crusading history of the legend and its impact on the Muslim-Crusader encounters, examining various Latin, Arabic, Syriac, and Coptic accounts. It further reflects on new eastern aspects of the legend, presenting a new Arab scholarly view. This book first charts a pre-history of the legend in the late ancient Christian prophecy of the Last Emperor down to the emergence of the legend in the mid-twelfth century. Second, the work presents a historical discussion of the legend and its association with actual occurrences in the Far East and the Levant, analysing the legend history under the crusading crisis and the imperial papal schism in Europe. Meanwhile, the work considers the vague Prester John Letter addressed to Manuel I Komnenus, Byzantine Emperor, and its elaborate conception of a mythical eastern kingdom, revealing imaginative parallels on the wondrous East and legendary Eastern Christian kings in Arabic Muslim and Christian accounts of the Muslim geographer and cartographer al-Idrisi, the Coptic Abu al-Makarim and the Syriac Ibn al-'Ibri (Bar Hebraeus), among others. Moreover, the book examines how the legend impacted war and peace processes between the Ayyubids and the Crusaders during the Fifth Crusade against Egypt (1217-1221), revealing how it was mingled with Arabic and Eastern Christian prophecies at the time. The study concludes by investigating the perception of Prester John by the papal and European envoys to the Mongols in the thirteenth century, revealing how the legend was instrumentalised (and even weaponised) to establish a Latin-Mongol crusade through a parallel exploration of relevant Latin, Arabic and Syriac sources.
Author : Brian Spooner
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 1934536563
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (345 download)
Download or read book Literacy in the Persianate World written by Brian Spooner and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Persian has been a written language since the sixth century B.C. Only Chinese, Greek, and Latin have comparable histories of literacy. Although Persian script changed—first from cuneiform to a modified Aramaic, then to Arabic—from the ninth to the nineteenth centuries it served a broader geographical area than any language in world history. It was the primary language of administration and belles lettres from the Balkans under the earlier Ottoman Empire to Central China under the Mongols, and from the northern branches of the Silk Road in Central Asia to southern India under the Mughal Empire. Its history is therefore crucial for understanding the function of writing in world history. Each of the chapters of Literacy in the Persianate World opens a window onto a particular stage of this history, starting from the reemergence of Persian in the Arabic script after the Arab-Islamic conquest in the seventh century A.D., through the establishment of its administrative vocabulary, its literary tradition, its expansion as the language of trade in the thirteenth century, and its adoption by the British imperial administration in India, before being reduced to the modern role of national language in three countries (Afghanistan, Iran, and Tajikistan) in the twentieth century. Two concluding chapters compare the history of written Persian with the parallel histories of Chinese and Latin, with special attention to the way its use was restricted and channeled by social practice. This is the first comparative study of the historical role of writing in three languages, including two in non-Roman scripts, over a period of two and a half millennia, providing an opportunity for reassessment of the work on literacy in English that has accumulated over the past half century. The editors take full advantage of this opportunity in their introductory essay.
Author : Judith Kolbas
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136802894
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)
Download or read book The Mongols in Iran written by Judith Kolbas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the administration of Iran under Mongol rule through taxation and monetary policy. A consistent development is evident only from abundant numismatic material, from the conquest of Samarqand by Chingiz Khan to the reign of the penultimate ruler, Uljaytu. In many cases, the individuals responsible for initiating and conducting the policies can be identified from the histories or remarks of the mint master. The structure of the empire is clearly demarcated by mint production, coin styles and type of metal. This illuminates many controversial historical points such as the meaning and function of an Il-khan and the establishment of the Toluid dynasty under Hulagu. The Mongols broke the crust of an inflexible and archaic Islamic monetary tradition that had hampered economic development by encouraging extensive trade and the sciences (especially astronomy and higher mathematics) through determined and always pragmatic programmes.
Author : Christoph Baumer
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1838609393
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (386 download)
Download or read book The History of Central Asia written by Christoph Baumer and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-30 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the ninth and the fifteenth centuries, Central Asia was a major political, economic and cultural hub on the Eurasian continent. In the first half of the thirteenth century it was also the pre-eminent centre of power in the largest land-based empire the world has ever seen. This third volume of Christoph Baumer's extensively praised and lavishly illustrated new history of the region is above all a story of invasion, when tumultuous and often brutal conquest profoundly shaped the later history of the globe. The author explores the rise of Islam and the remarkable victories of the Arab armies which - inspired by their vital, austere and egalitarian desert faith - established important new dynasties like the Seljuks, Karakhanids and Ghaznavids. A golden age of artistic, literary and scientific innovation came to a sudden end when, between 1219 and 1260, Genghiz Khan and his successors overran the Chorasmian-Abbasid lands. Dr Baumer shows that the Mongol conquests, while shattering to their enemies, nevertheless resulted in much greater mercantile and cultural contact between Central Asia and Western Europe.
Author : John Block Friedman
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351661329
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Routledge Revivals: Trade, Travel and Exploration in the Middle Ages (2000) written by John Block Friedman and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2000, Trade, Travel, and Exploration: An Encyclopedia covers the people, places, technologies, and intellectual concepts that contributed to trade, travel and exploration during the Middle Ages, from the years C.E. 525 to 1492. This comprehensive reference work contains entries on a large number of subjects, including familiar topics such as the voyages of Columbus and Marco Polo, and also information that is more difficult to find, for example, the traditions of travel among Muslim women and the influence of Viking travel on navigation and geographical knowledge. Bringing together more than 175 scholars from a variety of disciplines, it minimizes Eurocentric bias and offers extensive coverage of such topics as travel within Inner Asia, Mongol society, and the spread of Buddhism. Including an extensive map program and more than 125 illustrations, as well as bibliographies, a comprehensive index and "see also" references, Medieval Trade, Travel, and Exploration is a valuable reference guide for undergraduate and graduate students, scholars and also the general reader.
Author : Jonathan Clements
Publisher : Robinson
ISBN 13 : 1472136543
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (721 download)
Download or read book A Brief History of Khubilai Khan written by Jonathan Clements and published by Robinson. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: His grandfather was the bloodthirsty Mongol leader Genghis Khan, his mother a Christian princess. Groomed from childhood for a position of authority, Khubilai snatched the position of Great Khan, becoming the overlord of a Mongol federation that stretched from the Balkans to the Korean coast. His armies conquered the Asian kingdom of Dali and brought down the last defenders of imperial China. Khubilai Khan presided over a glorious Asian renaissance, attracting emissaries from all across the continent, and opening his civil service to 'men with coloured eyes' - administrators from the far west. His reign began the glorious Yuan dynasty that ruled over China for only ninety years, but had a profound impact on Asian history, from international trade to cultural revolution. Jonathan Clements's insightful biography into the life and times of one of China's greatest leaders is a fascinating introduction to an important era, uncovering the man behind Marco Polo's mythic portrait.
Author : James Muldoon
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040242677
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Canon Law, the Expansion of Europe, and World Order written by James Muldoon and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this volume trace the development of the theory that humanity forms a single world community and that there exists a body of law governing the relations among the members of that community. These ideas first appeared in the writings of the medieval canon lawyers and received their fullest development in the writings of early modern Spanish intellectuals. Conflict and contact with ’the infidel’ provided a stimulus for the elaboration of these ideas in the later Middle Ages, but major impetus was given by the English subjugation of Ireland, and by the discovery of the Americas. This body of work paved the way for the modern notions of an international legal order and universal norms of behavior usually associated with the publication of Hugo Grotius’s work in the seventeenth century.
Author : J. R. S. Phillips
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198207405
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (74 download)
Download or read book The Medieval Expansion of Europe written by J. R. S. Phillips and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the year 1000 and the mid-14th century, several remarkable events unfolded as Europeans made contact with a very substantial part of the inhabited world, much of it never previously known or suspected to exist by them. Leif Ericsson and other Vikings discovered North America; European crusading armies established themselves in Syria and Palestine; Marco Polo and other Italian merchants, and missionaries such as John of Monte Corvino, penetrated the dominions of Mongolia and China; the Vivaldi brothers sought to open a sea route to India; Jaime Ferrer was lured by dreams of locating the source of West African gold; and the Atlantic island groups, the Canaries, Madeira, and the Azores, were all discovered. In this detailed survey, Phillips describes these exciting quests while also exploring their closely related myths and legends, all the while setting the stage for the even greater exploits of Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and their successors. For this new Clarendon Paperback edition, Phillips has added both an introduction and a bibliographical essay, the latter of which surveys recent work in what is becoming a thriving area of new research.
