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Osteoclast And Osteoblast Activities During Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement And Acceleration Of Tooth Movement Through The Targeting Of Preosteoclasts With Exogenous Recombinant Mouse M Csf
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Book Synopsis Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activities During Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Acceleration of Tooth Movement Through the Targeting of Preosteoclasts with Exogenous Recombinant Mouse M-CSF by : Patricia Joyce Brooks
Download or read book Osteoclast and Osteoblast Activities During Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Acceleration of Tooth Movement Through the Targeting of Preosteoclasts with Exogenous Recombinant Mouse M-CSF written by Patricia Joyce Brooks and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play critical roles in remodelling alveolar bone during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The objectives of this study were (i) To characterize the spatial/temporal pattern of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during OTM, and (ii) To determine if OTM acceleration could occur with PDL administration of an osteoclastic differentiation factor, Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF). Rat/mouse OTM models were used to characterize the expression of osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation markers. Expression of markers involved in recruiting osteoclast precursors and markers found on preosteoclasts, but not monocytes, were found in the PDL during early stages of OTM. We found up-regulated expression of genes downstream of M-CSF and an increase in OTM rate after M-CSF administration. Taken together, our results showed that improved knowledge of the molecular basis of cellular activities is critical towards the development and testing of pharmacological strategies as a means to accelerate OTM.
Book Synopsis Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Osteoclastogenesis and Orthodontic Tooth Movement by : Dorrin Nilforoushan
Download or read book Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Osteoclastogenesis and Orthodontic Tooth Movement written by Dorrin Nilforoushan and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Osteoclast Formation and Orthodontic Tooth Movement by : Dorrin Nilforoushan
Download or read book Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Osteoclast Formation and Orthodontic Tooth Movement written by Dorrin Nilforoushan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric oxide (NO) is a short lived free radical regulating bone turnover and bone cell function (1, 2). Osteoclasts are multinucleated bone resorbing cells which form by fusion of pre-osteoclasts. In addition, NO is a signaling molecule in mechanical loading of the bone (3), and in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) (4). In OTM, force is applied to the tooth and transferred to the bone resulting in bone remodeling leading to tooth movement. This project has two parts: (1) NO in osteoclastogenesis: (a) An intense NO signal was observed in pre-osteoclasts preceding cell fusion. (b) Osteoclastogenesis increased when cells were exposed to the NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, during their differentiation phase. (c) In contrast, pre-osteoclast fusion decreased in presence of to L-NMMA during the fusion phase. (d) NOS inhibitors, decreased osteoclast formation. (e) The inhibitory effect of L-NMMA on osteoclast formation was abolished with increasing concentrations of sRANKL. (f) NO donors increased osteoclast formation. (g) An increase in NO production coincided with pre-osteoclasts fusion. (h) Inhibiting fusion decreased osteoclast formation and NO production. (i) L-NMMA decreased, while NO donors increased actin free barbed ends. Conclusion: While NO initially negatively regulates pre-osteoclast differentiation, it later facilitates the fusion of mononuclear pre-osteoclasts, possibly by up regulating actin remodeling. (2) Involvement of NO in OTM: Differential expression of NOS isoforms was investigated in periodontal ligament (PDL) and bone in tension and pressure sides using immunohistochemistry with NOS isoforms in a rat model of OTM. (a) Expression of all isoforms was increased in the tension side. (b) iNOS and nNOS expressions in the pressure side with the cell free zone were decreased while in the pressure side without the cell free zone were increased. (c) The intensity of eNOS staining was increased in the tension side. (d) Duration of force only changed the pattern of nNOS expression. (e) Osteocyte NOS expression did not change. Conclusion: All NOS isoforms are involved in OTM with different expression patterns between the tension and pressure with nNOS being more involved in early OTM. PDL cells, rather than osteocytes are the mechanosensors in early OTM with regards to NO signaling.
Book Synopsis Vistas in Orthodontics by : Bertram S. Kraus
Download or read book Vistas in Orthodontics written by Bertram S. Kraus and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Periodontal Ligament in Health and Disease by : B. J. Moxham
Download or read book The Periodontal Ligament in Health and Disease written by B. J. Moxham and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1982 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis T Cells in Arthritis by : P. Miossec
Download or read book T Cells in Arthritis written by P. Miossec and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-07-21 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common and most severe form of inflammatory arthritis. The pathogenesis of RA has been the subject of intense research for several decades. The prevailing hypotheses have changed over the years, and have attempted to incorporate the most recent data. Although T cells represent an important component of the cells which infiltrate the joint synovium, their contribution at a late stage of the disease remains a matter of debate. The goal of this book is to outline the major arguments and data suggesting that T cells may, or may not, be central players in the pathogenesis of chronic RA. While each of the editors and authors has his/her own bias (as will be clear by reading the respective chapters), our hope is that the readers will enjoy a complete and balanced view of the critical questions and experiments. This is not just an intellectual exercise since the direction of future therapeutic interventions depends heavily on how one interprets the pathogenesis of RA and the contribution of T cells.
Book Synopsis The Biology of Tooth Movement by : Louis A. Norton
Download or read book The Biology of Tooth Movement written by Louis A. Norton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-11-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: :Written by a broad spectrum of dental, medical and basic science researchers from around the world, this book presents state-of-the-art knowledge concerning the biology of connective tissues and their response to exogenous mechanical stimulation at the cell biology level. The text goes well beyond the traditional morphologic descriptions of tooth movement, covering the cell biology of the connective tissues involved, the various in vitro and in vivo research models, possible pharmacological means of influencing tissue responses, and biophysical considerations. Many cellular events that occur during tooth movement are discussed, as well as the exciting challenges, unanswered questions and possibilities in the future. This publication is extremely relevant to the work of dental specialists in orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and periodontics plus orthopeadists and basic scientists working in connective tissue research.
Book Synopsis Developmental and Cellular Skeletal Biology by : Brian K. Hall
Download or read book Developmental and Cellular Skeletal Biology written by Brian K. Hall and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental and Cellular Skeletal Biology reviews the development, growth, and cell biology of the skeleton. The monograph provides a comprehensive overview of the aspects of skeletal biology, focusing mainly on the cellular level. It covers topics on the types of skeletal tissues, its evolution, and origin; location of the skeleton within the embryo; initiation of centers of skeletogenesis; and the initiation of skeletal growth. The book will be of great use to physiologists, cell biologists, hematologists, pathologists, orthopedic surgeons, and others whose professions are concerned with the study of the skeletal system.
Download or read book Osteoimmunology written by Joseph Lorenzo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-23 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Osteoimmunology: Interactions of the Immune and Skeletal Systems, Second Edition, explores the advancements that have been made in the field during the last 40 years, including valuable information on our understanding of the interactions between hematopoietic, immune, and bone cells, now known as the field of osteoimmunology. This comprehensive work offers the most extensive summaries of research trends in the field and their translation into new therapeutics. Early chapters deal with the development of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, hematopoietic stem cells, T and B-lymphocytes, and communications between these cellular elements, while later sections contain discussions of the signaling pathways by which RANKL influences osteoclast development and function. Subsequent chapters explore the effects that estrogen has on bone and the immune system, the development of pathologic conditions, and the growing research around osteoporosis, Paget’s disease, the genetics of bone disease, and bone cancer metastasis. Explains the intricate interaction between the immune system and bone Features detailed discussions of the key cellular and molecular mechanisms governing the homeostasis of the individual systems Facilitates greater understanding of osteoimmunologic networks, their environments, and how this understanding leads to better treatments for human diseases involving both systems
Book Synopsis Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration by : William S. Pietrzak
Download or read book Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration written by William S. Pietrzak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-04-11 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The repair of musculoskeletal tissue is a vital concern of all surgical specialties, orthopedics and related disciplines. Written by recognized experts, this book aims to provide both basic and advanced knowledge of the newer methodologies being developed and introduced to the clinical arena. A valuable resource for researchers, developers, and clinicians, the book presents a foundation to propel the technology and integration of the current state of knowledge into the 21st century.
Book Synopsis Handbook for New South Wales by : British Association for the Advancement of Science
Download or read book Handbook for New South Wales written by British Association for the Advancement of Science and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pp. 464-485 'The Aborigines of New South Wales' by W.W. Thorpe.
Book Synopsis Bone Formation and Repair by : Carl T. Brighton
Download or read book Bone Formation and Repair written by Carl T. Brighton and published by Amer Academy of Orthopaedic. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
