Osce Office For Democratic Institutions And Human Rights Election Observation Mission Republic Of Belarus Presidential Election 19 December 2010

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The Success of Sanctions

Author : Francesco Giumelli
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317014642
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Success of Sanctions by : Francesco Giumelli

Download or read book The Success of Sanctions written by Francesco Giumelli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effectiveness of sanctions cannot purely be measured by the way they change the behaviour of their intended target. The degree to which sanctions constrain a rogue state's behaviour and the signals they send to future targets should also be prime considerations. In this thought provoking book Francesco Giumelli measures the true effectiveness of EU sanctions against a range of states including Belarus, Zimbabwe, Moldova, Uzbekistan, the USA and China. He demonstrates that focussing purely on behavioural change is limiting, especially when considering the actions and motivations of an international organisation, and develops a process to evaluate the direct and indirect impact of EU sanctions. Giumelli demonstrates the many different ways sanctions have been used by the EU to produce positive direct and indirect results and provides a multi-level framework to assess the success of sanctions in the future.

Election Watchdogs

Author : Pippa Norris
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190677821
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Election Watchdogs by : Pippa Norris

Download or read book Election Watchdogs written by Pippa Norris and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent decades have seen growing concern regarding problems of electoral integrity. The most overt malpractices used by rulers include imprisoning dissidents, harassing adversaries, coercing voters, vote-rigging counts, and even blatant disregard for the popular vote. Elsewhere minor irregularities are common, exemplified by inaccurate voter registers, maladministration of polling facilities, lack of security in absentee ballots, pro-government media bias, ballot miscounts, and gerrymandering. Serious violations of human rights that undermine electoral credibility are widely condemned by domestic observers and the international community. Recent protests about integrity have mobilized in countries as diverse as Russia, Mexico, and Egypt. However, long-standing democracies are far from immune to these ills; past problems include the notorious hanging chads in Florida in 2000 and more recent accusations of voter fraud and voter suppression during the Obama-Romney contest. When problems come to light, however, is anyone held to account and are effective remedies implemented? In response to these developments, there have been growing attempts to analyze flaws in electoral integrity and transparency using systematic data from cross-national time-series, forensic analysis, field experiments, case studies, and new instruments monitoring mass and elite perceptions of malpractices. This volume collects essays from international experts who evaluate the robustness, conceptual validity, and reliability of the growing body of evidence. The essays compare alternative approaches and apply these methods to evaluate the quality of elections in several areas, including the United States, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America. Election Watchdogs:Transparency, Accountability and Integrity presents new insights into the importance of diverse actors who promote electoral transparency, accountability, and ultimately the integrity of electoral governance.

Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries

Author : Valerie J. Bunce
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107006856
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries by : Valerie J. Bunce

Download or read book Defeating Authoritarian Leaders in Postcommunist Countries written by Valerie J. Bunce and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-30 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1998 to 2005, six elections took place in postcommunist Europe that had the surprising outcome of empowering the opposition and defeating authoritarian incumbents or their designated successors. Valerie J. Bunce and Sharon L. Wolchik compare these unexpected electoral breakthroughs. They draw three conclusions. First, the opposition was victorious because of the hard and creative work of a transnational network composed of local opposition and civil society groups, members of the international democracy assistance community and graduates of successful electoral challenges to authoritarian rule in other countries. Second, the remarkable run of these upset elections reflected the ability of this network to diffuse an ensemble of innovative electoral strategies across state boundaries. Finally, elections can serve as a powerful mechanism for democratic change. This is especially the case when civil society is strong, the transfer of political power is through constitutional means, and opposition leaders win with small mandates.

Ethics and Professionalism in Healthcare

Author : Sabine Salloch
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131714130X
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Professionalism in Healthcare by : Sabine Salloch

Download or read book Ethics and Professionalism in Healthcare written by Sabine Salloch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent social developments, such as demographic change, skill shortages and new medical technologies, have necessitated a transition in the traditional roles of health-care professions. New forms of division of labour and inter-professional health-care education are emerging while at the same time ethical challenges, such as corruption and conflicts of interest, have to be mastered. This book addresses historical, conceptual and empirical aspects of professionalism and inter-professionalism in health care from an international and interdisciplinary perspective. The work is divided into five sections: historical and societal aspects of health care professions; learning and teaching medical professionalism; transformation of health care professions; professional leadership and team decision-making in health care; and ethical challenges to health care professionalism. The final chapter integrates the main ideas and perspectives on health-care professionalism which have been developed throughout the book and highlights how the work in the diverse disciplines is interrelated. The book will be a valuable reference for the many researchers and students with an interest in medical ethics, professionalism and comparative systems of healthcare.

International Organizations and Internal Conditionality

Author : R. Fawn
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137305495
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis International Organizations and Internal Conditionality by : R. Fawn

Download or read book International Organizations and Internal Conditionality written by R. Fawn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how norms-based international organizations, namely the Council of Europe and the OSCE, are still able to win in world politics. Fawn uses the concept of internal conditionality to explain how these organizations have been able to respond to members with a lack of material incentives or instruments of coercion.

Regional Integration Processes in the Commonwealth of Independent States

Author : Katarzyna Czerewacz-Filipowicz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319475630
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Integration Processes in the Commonwealth of Independent States by : Katarzyna Czerewacz-Filipowicz

Download or read book Regional Integration Processes in the Commonwealth of Independent States written by Katarzyna Czerewacz-Filipowicz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-26 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the economic, political and cultural factors that influence regional economic integration processes as well as international political cooperation in the area of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The authors analyze market integration manifested in interregional trade, investment and service connections. Taking a constructivist approach, they shed new light on how national, ethnic, religious and linguistic factors as well as systems of government, political regimes and models of leadership shape foreign-policy decision-making in various post-Soviet countries.

European Electoral Heritage

Author : European Commission for Democracy through Law
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis European Electoral Heritage by : European Commission for Democracy through Law

Download or read book European Electoral Heritage written by European Commission for Democracy through Law and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters, which was adopted by the Venice Commission in 2002, is the reference document of the Council of Europe in the electoral field. It defines in detail the standards of European electoral heritage: universal, equal, free, secret and direct suffrage, as well as the frequency of elections, including the framework conditions that are necessary for the organisation of proper elections, such as respect for human rights, particularly in the political field, the organisation of elections by an impartial body and an effective appeals system. This publication contains the reports presented at the seminar organised under the Albanian Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on the occasion of the 1Oth anniversary of the code. It focuses in particular on the main problems of electoral law and administration, including the composition and functioning of electoral administration, as well as the representation of women and minorities. It also refers to the importance of the code for the other Council of Europe bodies, including the European Court of Human Rights, when ensuring the right to free elections

Freedom in the World 2011

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442209941
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2011 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2011 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2011-11 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 194 countries and 14 territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE

Author : United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE by : United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe

Download or read book Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE written by United States. Congress. Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters

Author : European Commission for Democracy through Law
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9789287151919
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters by : European Commission for Democracy through Law

Download or read book Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters written by European Commission for Democracy through Law and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains a set of guidelines for good practice in the conduct of elections, based on Europe's electoral heritage, as well as an explanatory report which explains the key principles on which they are based. The guidelines and report were adopted in 2002 by the Council for Democratic Elections and by the European Commission for Democracy through Law (also known as the Venice Commission); and approved in 2003 by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council Europe and by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities in Europe.

Freedom in the World 2012

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781442217942
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2012 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2012 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of the state of human freedom around the world investigates such crucial indicators as the status of civil and political liberties and provides individual country reports.

The Pseudo-Democrat's Dilemma

Author : Susan D. Hyde
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801461251
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pseudo-Democrat's Dilemma by : Susan D. Hyde

Download or read book The Pseudo-Democrat's Dilemma written by Susan D. Hyde and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-08 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did election monitoring become an international norm? Why do pseudo-democrats—undemocratic leaders who present themselves as democratic—invite international observers, even when they are likely to be caught manipulating elections? Is election observation an effective tool of democracy promotion, or is it simply a way to legitimize electoral autocracies? In The Pseudo-Democrat's Dilemma, Susan D. Hyde explains international election monitoring with a new theory of international norm formation. Hyde argues that election observation was initiated by states seeking international support. International benefits tied to democracy give some governments an incentive to signal their commitment to democratization without having to give up power. Invitations to nonpartisan foreigners to monitor elections, and avoiding their criticism, became a widely recognized and imitated signal of a government's purported commitment to democratic elections.Hyde draws on cross-national data on the global spread of election observation between 1960 and 2006, detailed descriptions of the characteristics of countries that do and do not invite observers, and evidence of three ways that election monitoring is costly to pseudo-democrats: micro-level experimental tests from elections in Armenia and Indonesia showing that observers can deter election-day fraud and otherwise improve the quality of elections; illustrative cases demonstrating that international benefits are contingent on democracy in countries like Haiti, Peru, Togo, and Zimbabwe; and qualitative evidence documenting the escalating game of strategic manipulation among pseudo-democrats, international monitors, and pro-democracy forces.

Strengthening Electoral Integrity

Author : Pippa Norris
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108508766
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Electoral Integrity by : Pippa Norris

Download or read book Strengthening Electoral Integrity written by Pippa Norris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today a general mood of pessimism surrounds Western efforts to strengthen elections and democracy abroad. If elections are often deeply flawed or even broken in many countries around the world, can anything be done to fix them? To counter the prevailing ethos, Pippa Norris presents new evidence for why programs of international electoral assistance work. She evaluates the effectiveness of several practical remedies, including efforts designed to reform electoral laws, strengthen women's representation, build effective electoral management bodies, promote balanced campaign communications, regulate political money, and improve voter registration. Pippa Norris argues that it would be a tragedy to undermine progress by withdrawing from international engagement. Instead, the international community needs to learn the lessons of what works best to strengthen electoral integrity, to focus activities and resources upon the most effective programs, and to innovate after a quarter century of efforts to strengthen electoral integrity.

World Report 2019

Author : Human Rights Watch
Publisher : Seven Stories Press
ISBN 13 : 1609808851
Total Pages : 847 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis World Report 2019 by : Human Rights Watch

Download or read book World Report 2019 written by Human Rights Watch and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best country-by-country assessment of human rights. The human rights records of more than ninety countries and territories are put into perspective in Human Rights Watch's signature yearly report. Reflecting extensive investigative work undertaken by Human Rights Watch staff, in close partnership with domestic human rights activists, the annual World Report is an invaluable resource for journalists, diplomats, and citizens, and is a must-read for anyone interested in the fight to protect human rights in every corner of the globe.

Freedom in the World 2009

Author : Arch Puddington
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9781442201224
Total Pages : 932 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2009 by : Arch Puddington

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2009 written by Arch Puddington and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 193 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Freedom in the World 2013

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 144222567X
Total Pages : 894 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2013 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2013 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 194 countries and 14 territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Freedom in the World 2015

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442254084
Total Pages : 877 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2015 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2015 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fourteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.