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Author : Matej Langer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (495 download)
Download or read book Origine du champ magnétique en cosmologie et formation des galaxies written by Matej Langer and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yohan Dubois
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Etude de l'évolution cosmologique du champ magnétique written by Yohan Dubois and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans les modèles numériques s'inscrivant dans le cadre standard de la formation hiérarchique des structures, les galaxies se trouvent constituées d'une trop grande quantité d'étoiles comparativement aux observations. C'est le problème du sur-refroidissement. J'ai étudié la formation des vents galactiques produits par les explosions de supernovae à l'aide du code numérique RAMSES et d'outils analytiques. Il est apparu que, en l'absence de période de flambée de formation d'étoiles, les vents galactiques sont incapables de répondre à l'énigme du sur—refroidissement. J'ai souligné le rôle central de l'accrétion de gaz sur les disques galactiques, et déterminé dans quelles conditions celle-ci peut annihiler toute éjection de matière à grande échelle. Cependant les galaxies naines, capables de former de tels super-vents, sont responsables de l'enrichissement métallique et magnétique du milieu extra-galactique. Des simulations de formation de vent galactique en présence de champ magnétique ont permis de souligner la nécessité des processus d'amplifications dans les galaxies : associées à une dynamo stellaire efficace, les explosions de supernovae peuvent être à l'origine du champ magnétique résiduel de l'Univers. Le champ magnétique présent aux grandes échelles est ensuite amplifié lors de l'effondrement du gaz chaud contenu dans les amas de galaxies. En réalisant la première simulation cosmologique et magnétique de la formation d'un amas et de ses galaxies, j'ai pu montrer qu'il est nécessaire de tenir compte des processus de refroidissement pour décrire complètement l'évolution du champ magnétique au coeur des amas et retrouver les valeurs observées aujourd'hui.
Author : Ulrich Klein
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319089420
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Galactic and Intergalactic Magnetic Fields written by Ulrich Klein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This course-tested textbook conveys the fundamentals of magnetic fields and relativistic plasma in diffuse cosmic media, with a primary focus on phenomena that have been observed at different wavelengths. Theoretical concepts are addressed wherever necessary, with derivations presented in sufficient detail to be generally accessible. In the first few chapters the authors present an introduction to various astrophysical phenomena related to cosmic magnetism, with scales ranging from molecular clouds in star-forming regions and supernova remnants in the Milky Way, to clusters of galaxies. Later chapters address the role of magnetic fields in the evolution of the interstellar medium, galaxies and galaxy clusters. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in astronomy and physics and will serve as an entry point for those starting their first research projects in the field.
Author : DAVID.. LEMOINE
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (49 download)
Download or read book PRIMORDIAL MAGNETIC FIELDS written by DAVID.. LEMOINE and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LES GALAXIES SPIRALES SONT DOTEES D'UN CHAMP MAGNETIQUE DE FAIBLE AMPLITUDE MAIS COHERENT SUR DE GRANDES ECHELLES SPATIALES. SON EXISTENCE EST ATTRIBUEE A L'AMPLIFICATION D'UN FAIBLE CHAMP INITIAL SOUS L'ACTION D'UNE DYNAMO GALACTIQUE. L'ORIGINE DU CHAMP MAGNETIQUE INITIAL DEMEURE CEPENDANT INCERTAINE: NOUS CONSIDERONS DANS CETTE THESE LA POSSIBILITE QUE CELUI-CI AIT ETE PRODUIT DANS UN PASSE RECULE, ANTERIEUREMENT A LA FORMATION DES GALAXIES. NOUS ETUDIONS EN PREMIER LIEU LA SUGGESTION DE TAJIMA ET AL. (1992), SELON LAQUELLE LE CHAMP MAGNETIQUE PRIMORDIAL RESULTE DE FLUCTUATIONS THERMIQUES DANS LE PLASMA ELECTRON-PROTON (AVANT LA RECOMBINAISON DE L'HYDROGENE) OU ELECTRON-POSITRON (AVANT LA NUCLEOSYNTHESE PRIMORDIALE). IL EST MONTRE QUE LES CONCLUSIONS DE TAJIMA ET AL. QUANT A L'EXISTENCE DE FORTES FLUCTUATIONS MAGNETIQUES A L'EPOQUE DE LA NUCLEOSYNTHESE SONT ERRONEES. D'AUTRE PART, LE CHAMP PRODUIT EST COHERENT SUR DE TROP PETITES ECHELLES. NOUS CONSIDERONS ENSUITE LA POSSIBILITE SUGGEREE PAR TURNER ET WIDROW (1988) D'AMPLIFIER DES FLUCTUATIONS ELECTROMAGNETIQUES DURANT UNE PERIODE D'INFLATION, EN COUPLANT LE CHAMP DE JAUGE A UN CHAMP SCALAIRE, LE DILATON, DONT L'EXISTENCE EST PREDITE PAR LES THEORIES DE SUPERCORDES. LE CHAMP MAGNETIQUE RESULTANT EST ENCORE UNE FOIS TRES FAIBLE. FINALEMENT, LES RECENTES OBSERVATIONS DU FOND COSMIQUE DE RAYONNEMENT DIFFUS OBTENUES PAR LE SATELLITE COBE SONT UTILISEES POUR CONTRAINDRE L'INTENSITE D'UN EVENTUEL CHAMP PRIMORDIAL. LES LIMITES DEDUITES DE CES OBSERVATIONS SONT, DANS CERTAINS CAS, EXTREMEMENT SEVERES ET ELIMINENT LA CLASSE DE MODELES OU LE CHAMP EST GENERE LORS DE L'INFLATION
Author : A.A. Ruzmaikin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400928351
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Magnetic Fields of Galaxies written by A.A. Ruzmaikin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetism, when extended beyond normal frameworks into cosmic space is characterized by an enormous spatial scale. Because of their large sizes the nature of magnets such as the Earth and the Sun is entirely different from the nature of a horseshoe magnet. The source of cosmic magnetism is associated with the hydrodynamic motions of a highly conductive medium. In this aspect, cosmic magnets resemble a dynamo. However, currents in the dynamo flow along properly ordered wires, while chaotic, turbulent motions are dominant inside stars and liquid planetary cores. This makes more intriguing and surprising the fact that these motions maintain a regular magnetic field. Maintenance of magnetic fields is even more impressive in huge magnets, i.e. galaxies. In fact, we are living inside a giant dynamo machine, the Milky Way galaxy. Although the idea of the global magnetic field of our Galaxy was clearly proposed almost 40 years ago, firm observational evidence and definite theoretical concepts of galactic magnetism have been developed only in the last decade. This book is the first attempt at a full and consistent presentation of this problem. We discuss both theoretical views on the origin of galactic magnetism and the methods of observational study. Previous discussions were on the level of review articles or separate chapters in monographs devoted to cosmic magnetic fields (see, e.g., H. K. Moffatt, 1978, E. N. Parker, 1979 and Zeldovich et aI., 1983).
Author : J. AUDOUZE (Ed)
Publisher : Atlantica Séguier Frontières
ISBN 13 : 9782863320150
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)
Download or read book The Birth of the Universe written by J. AUDOUZE (Ed) and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1982 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rainer Beck
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461457282
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (572 download)
Download or read book Large-scale Magnetic Fields in the Universe written by Rainer Beck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of sixteen coordinated reviews on the origins of large-scale magnetic fields in the Universe, this book discusses magnetic fields in all relevant astrophysical contexts, from the interstellar medium to the scales of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. Magnetic fields are described in their very diverse environments, from stellar winds to galactic haloes and astrophysical jets; together with the roles they play in forming the structures and shaping the dynamics of these objects. Both observational evidence and its theoretical interpretations are covered up to the largest scales in the Universe. The authors are all leading scientists in their fields, making this book an authoritative, up-to-date and enduring contribution to astrophysics. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in astrophysics. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 166/1-4 and Vol. 169/1-4, 2012.
Author : Anvar Shukurov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781139046657
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (466 download)
Download or read book Astrophysical Magnetic Fields written by Anvar Shukurov and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic fields permeate space and affect many major astrophysical phenomena, but they are often ignored due to their perceived complexity. This self-contained introduction to astrophysical magnetic fields provides both a comprehensive review of the current state of the subject and a critical discussion of the latest research. It presents our knowledge of magnetic fields from the Early Universe, their evolution in cosmic time through to their roles in present-day galaxies, galaxy clusters and the wider intergalactic medium, with attention given to both theory and observations. This volume also contains an extensive introduction into magnetohydrodynamics, numerous worked examples, observational and mathematical techniques and interpretations of the observations. Its review of our current knowledge, with an emphasis on results that are likely to form the basis for future progress, benefits a broad audience of advanced students and active researchers, including those from fields such as cosmology and general relativity.
Author : Philippe Terral
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Structure du champ magnétique interstellaire dans le disque et le halo de notre galaxie written by Philippe Terral and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La caractérisation du champ magnétique interstellaire de notre Galaxie représente un enjeu majeur de l'astrophysique. Une meilleure connaissance de ses propriétés, en particulier de sa structure, constituerait en effet un atout important pour de nombreux domaines de recherche allant de l'étude des rayons cosmiques à la dynamique de la Galaxie en passant par l'évolution du milieu interstellaire et la formation stellaire. Des observations radio récentes ont permis de mettre en évidence des caractéristiques communes dans la structure magnétique de galaxies proches semblables à la Voie Lactée. Lorsque les galaxies sont vues de face, les lignes de champ magnétique forment un motif en spirale proche de celui observé dans le visible. Lorsque les galaxies sont vues par la tranche, les lignes de champ magnétique sont parallèles au plan galactique dans le disque et ont une forme dite en "X" dans le halo. Il est dès lors naturel de se poser la question de la présence d'une telle structure en X dans le halo de notre propre Galaxie. L'objectif du travail que j'ai effectué lors de mes trois années de thèse a consisté à tenter d'apporter des éléments de réponse à cette question. Les difficultés sont principalement de deux ordres : d'une part, notre position, à l'intérieur de la Voie Lactée ne nous permet pas d'avoir une vision globale de sa structure magnétique à grande échelle ; d'autre part, le champ magnétique est inaccessible à une observation directe, il est donc nécessaire de mettre en oeuvre des techniques indirectes estimant certaines des caractéristiques du champ magnétique à partir de l'effet qu'il peut avoir sur une observable donnée. Pour ma part, j'ai basé mon travail sur l'effet de rotation Faraday. J'ai tout d'abord constitué une carte de référence observationnelle de la profondeur Faraday de notre Galaxie associée au champ magnétique à grande échelle. Pour cela, j'ai dû développer un modèle simple de champ magnétique turbulent afin de pouvoir en soustraire sa contribution à la profondeur Faraday de celle du champ magnétique total. J'ai ensuite construit des cartes théoriques de la profondeur Faraday de notre Galaxie basées sur un ensemble de modèles analytiques du champ magnétique à grande échelle compatibles avec différentes contraintes (théoriques et observationnelles) et dépendant d'un nombre raisonnable de paramètres libres. J'ai finalement ajusté les valeurs de ces paramètres au travers d'une laborieuse phase d'optimisation. Mon manuscrit se décompose en quatre chapitres principaux. Au chapitre 1, je présenterai le contexte de mon travail et j'énoncerai divers résultats généraux utiles à mon étude. Au chapitre 2, je passerai en revue l'ensemble des éléments nécessaires à ma modélisation et j'insisterai particulièrement sur le jeu de modèles analytiques de champ magnétique que j'ai utilisés. Au chapitre 3, je décrirai les procédures de simulation et d'optimisation. Au chapitre 4, je présenterai mes résultats. Dans ce dernier chapitre, je dériverai les valeurs des paramètres des différents modèles de champ conduisant au meilleur accord avec les observations, je tâcherai de préciser le rôle de chaque paramètre et son impact sur la carte théorique, et je discuterai les géométries autorisées dans les différents cas. Je montrerai que l'accord modèle-observation est légèrement meilleur avec un champ du halo bisymétrique qu'avec un champ du halo axiisymétrique et que dans le premier cas, un motif en X apparaît naturellement dans les cartes de polarisation alors que le champ magnétique est horizontal dans le second cas.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book PASCAL. written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527345558
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics, Volume 3 written by Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, third volume of Cohen-Tannoudji's groundbreaking textbook covers advanced topics of quantum mechanics such as uncorrelated and correlated identical particles, the quantum theory of the electromagnetic field, absorption, emission and scattering of photons by atoms, and quantum entanglement. Written in a didactically unrivalled manner, the textbook explains the fundamental concepts in seven chapters which are elaborated in accompanying complements that provide more detailed discussions, examples and applications. * Completing the success story: the third and final volume of the quantum mechanics textbook written by 1997 Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and his colleagues Bernard Diu and Franck Laloë * As easily comprehensible as possible: all steps of the physical background and its mathematical representation are spelled out explicitly * Comprehensive: in addition to the fundamentals themselves, the books comes with a wealth of elaborately explained examples and applications Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he also studied and received his PhD in 1962. In 1973 he became Professor of atomic and molecular physics at the Collège des France. His main research interests were optical pumping, quantum optics and atom-photon interactions. In 1997, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, together with Steven Chu and William D. Phillips, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his research on laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Bernard Diu was Professor at the Denis Diderot University (Paris VII). He was engaged in research at the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics and High Energy where his focus was on strong interactions physics and statistical mechanics. Franck Laloë was a researcher at the Kastler-Brossel laboratory of the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. His first assignment was with the University of Paris VI before he was appointed to the CNRS, the French National Research Center. His research was focused on optical pumping, statistical mechanics of quantum gases, musical acoustics and the foundations of quantum mechanics.
Author : European Southern Observatory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Report written by European Southern Observatory and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Flato
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401119384
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Physics on Manifolds written by M. Flato and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the Colloquium "Analysis, Manifolds and Physics" organized in honour of Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat by her friends, collaborators and former students, on June 3, 4 and 5, 1992 in Paris. Its title accurately reflects the domains to which Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat has made essential contributions. Since the rise of General Relativity, the geometry of Manifolds has become a non-trivial part of space-time physics. At the same time, Functional Analysis has been of enormous importance in Quantum Mechanics, and Quantum Field Theory. Its role becomes decisive when one considers the global behaviour of solutions of differential systems on manifolds. In this sense, General Relativity is an exceptional theory in which the solutions of a highly non-linear system of partial differential equations define by themselves the very manifold on which they are supposed to exist. This is why a solution of Einstein's equations cannot be physically interpreted before its global behaviour is known, taking into account the entire hypothetical underlying manifold. In her youth, Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat contributed in a spectacular way to this domain stretching between physics and mathematics, when she gave the proof of the existence of solutions to Einstein's equations on differential manifolds of a quite general type. The methods she created have been worked out by the French school of mathematics, principally by Jean Leray. Her first proof of the local existence and uniqueness of solutions of Einstein's equations inspired Jean Leray's theory of general hyperbolic systems.
Author : Jean de Climont
Publisher : Editions d Assailly
ISBN 13 : 2902425171
Total Pages : 2426 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (24 download)
Download or read book The Worldwide List of Alternative Theories and Critics written by Jean de Climont and published by Editions d Assailly. This book was released on 2020-11-01 with total page 2426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Worldwide List of Alternative Theories and Critics (only avalailable in english language) includes scientists involved in scientific fields. The 2023 issue of this directory includes the scientists found in the Internet. The scientists of the directory are only those involved in physics (natural philosophy). The list includes 9700 names of scientists (doctors or diplome engineers for more than 70%). Their position is shortly presented together with their proposed alternative theory when applicable. There are nearly 3500 authors of such theories, all amazingly very different from one another. The main categories of theories are presented in an other book of Jean de Climont THE ALTERNATIVE THEORIES
Author : Percy Seymour
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)
Download or read book Cosmic Magnetism, written by Percy Seymour and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of extraterrestrial magnetic fields is a relatively new one, confirmation of the existance of the first such field (that of our Sun) having come a s late as 1908. In the past 30 years a great ammount of knowledge has been accumulated on Cosmic Magnetism, which has turned out to be a truly fascinating topic for study. Percy Seymour's book is the first to deal with the topic in a non-mathematical way, and he offers a fine introduction to his subject. The first three chapters consolidate our knowledge on magnetism in general and the magnetic field of the Earth, as well as discussing the reasons for studying astronomy and cosmic magnetism in particular. The remainder of the book is devoted to the main areas of cosmic magnetism - solar, plantetary and interplanetary fields, fields in stars and pulsars, fields of the milky way and fields in other galaxies. Cosmic Magnetism in an ideal book for sixth-formers and undergraduates studying physics or astronomy and will also appeal to amateur astronomers. as previous work on this topic has been 'hidden' in specialised academic journals.
Author : J.V. Narlikar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400945086
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Gravity, Gauge Theories and Quantum Cosmology written by J.V. Narlikar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For several decades since its inception, Einstein's general theory of relativity stood somewhat aloof from the rest of physics. Paradoxically, the attributes which normally boost a physical theory - namely, its perfection as a theoreti cal framework and the extraordinary intellectual achievement underlying i- prevented the general theory from being assimilated in the mainstream of physics. It was as if theoreticians hesitated to tamper with something that is manifestly so beautiful. Happily, two developments in the 1970s have narrowed the gap. In 1974 Stephen Hawking arrived at the remarkable result that black holes radiate after all. And in the second half of the decade, particle physicists discovered that the only scenario for applying their grand unified theories was offered by the very early phase in the history of the Big Bang universe. In both cases, it was necessary to discuss the ideas of quantum field theory in the background of curved spacetime that is basic to general relativity. This is, however, only half the total story. If gravity is to be brought into the general fold of theoretical physics we have to know how to quantize it. To date this has proved a formidable task although most physicists would agree that, as in the case of grand unified theories, quantum gravity will have applications to cosmology, in the very early stages of the Big Bang universe. In fact, the present picture of the Big Bang universe necessarily forces us to think of quantum cosmology.
Author : James J. Condon
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069113779X
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Essential Radio Astronomy written by James J. Condon and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal text for a one-semester course in radio astronomy Essential Radio Astronomy is the only textbook on the subject specifically designed for a one-semester introductory course for advanced undergraduates or graduate students in astronomy and astrophysics. It starts from first principles in order to fill gaps in students' backgrounds, make teaching easier for professors who are not expert radio astronomers, and provide a useful reference to the essential equations used by practitioners. This unique textbook reflects the fact that students of multiwavelength astronomy typically can afford to spend only one semester studying the observational techniques particular to each wavelength band. Essential Radio Astronomy presents only the most crucial concepts—succinctly and accessibly. It covers the general principles behind radio telescopes, receivers, and digital backends without getting bogged down in engineering details. Emphasizing the physical processes in radio sources, the book's approach is shaped by the view that radio astrophysics owes more to thermodynamics than electromagnetism. Proven in the classroom and generously illustrated throughout, Essential Radio Astronomy is an invaluable resource for students and researchers alike. The only textbook specifically designed for a one-semester course in radio astronomy Starts from first principles Makes teaching easier for astronomy professors who are not expert radio astronomers Emphasizes the physical processes in radio sources Covers the principles behind radio telescopes and receivers Provides the essential equations and fundamental constants used by practitioners Supplementary website includes lecture notes, problem sets, exams, and links to interactive demonstrations An online illustration package is available to professors
