Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism

Download Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003848206
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism by : Malgorzata Rozkwitalska-Welenc

Download or read book Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism written by Malgorzata Rozkwitalska-Welenc and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although ‘VUCA’ is not a new term, the features of the world it describes, a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment, have never been more valid. The VUCA world has become the new reality for business, specifically for hospitality and tourism organizations that are more vulnerable than any other sector due to the historically-recognized turbulent environment in which they operate. In this book, the authors present unique factors that make hospitality and tourism organizations resilient in the VUCA world. With contacts at the center of their hospitality and tourism organizational resilience model, the organizational and psychological perspectives are also incorporated. This innovative volume tests the model of organizational resilience in hospitality and tourism organizations. The study identifies and validates organizational and individual factors that create a resilient organization in the hospitality and tourism sector. It will be of interest to researchers, academics, practitioners, and advanced students in the fields of organizational studies, strategic management, hospitality, and tourism management.

Resiliency Models and Addressing Future Risks for Family Firms in the Tourism Industry

Download Resiliency Models and Addressing Future Risks for Family Firms in the Tourism Industry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799873544
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Resiliency Models and Addressing Future Risks for Family Firms in the Tourism Industry by : Zehrer, Anita

Download or read book Resiliency Models and Addressing Future Risks for Family Firms in the Tourism Industry written by Zehrer, Anita and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Family-owned and family-run firms, which are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises, are important when it comes to tourist destinations. It is therefore essential to understand how family firms address future risks and the challenges they face as part of the tourism industry. Since family businesses play such an important role for the entire tourism industry, it is worthwhile to analyze this business type when it comes to organizational resilience. Further, the development of practical solutions from field or case studies are beneficial for creating valuable learning effects for both firms and destinations alike. The examination of one risk scenario and its successful or missing management might be beneficial to create useful learning effects for the future. Therefore, it is essential to understand contemporary issues and future challenges of family firms in the hospitality/service industry and to examine different perspectives at an individual, firm, and destination management level. Resiliency Models and Addressing Future Risks for Family Firms in the Tourism Industry provides an in-depth examination of tourism family firms, since these firms are essential for supplying solutions for challenges such as dealing with uncertainty, becoming or remaining resilient, and creating sustainable tourism destinations. The chapters address the challenges of sustainability and resilience in an uncertain world and connects knowledge from family business research to tourism research, focusing on hospitality. Highlighted topics include organization ambidexterity, pandemic risk, firm management and leadership, and technology use in firm operations. This book is essential for family firms, hotel management, entrepreneurs, restaurateurs, tourism professionals, academicians, researchers, and students seeking the most advanced research on family firm’s resilience and risk management within the tourism industry.

Organizational learning in tourism and hospitality crisis management

Download Organizational learning in tourism and hospitality crisis management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110679124
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Organizational learning in tourism and hospitality crisis management by : Zahed Ghaderi

Download or read book Organizational learning in tourism and hospitality crisis management written by Zahed Ghaderi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in an uncertain world characterized by the occurrence of unexpected incidents in different corners of the globe which can have widespread adverse consequences. It is therefore vital to be prepared for, and attempt to prevent or mitigate the negative effects of such crises through crisis management tools and organizational learning practices. According to the current literature, the tourism and hospitality industry has been exposed to dramatic impacts from human-induced crises and natural disasters during past decades. The repercussions are manifested in the form of business failure, economic losses, tarnished destination image, physical damage to infrastructure and facilities, psychological effects, and other undesirable outcomes. Many of these crisis events are recurrent and their effects can be averted or ameliorated through practicing organizational learning and engaging in preparation activities. However, limited attempts have been made by industry players to detect early warning signals, learn from crises and prepare for the next ones. Despite the important contributions in terms of 'lessons learned' from historical analyses, they usually provide little information on how tourism organizations facing the crisis attempted to manage it proactively and what they did reactively (Paraskevas and Quek, 2019). Comprehensive sources in this field is thus necessary to fill this gap. Few research studies are available to discuss organizational learning in the process of tourism crisis management. A comprehensive collection of book chapters concentrating on both theory and practice will shed some light on this issue and propose recommendations for future investigation. Hence, the aim of this publication is to discover various aspects of organizational learning in tourism and hospitality crisis management and discuss future prospects. The book will be the main resource for future research in the field of tourism crisis management and organizational learning. There would be several reasons for such demand. First, this subject is relatively new in the hospitality and tourism field, covering many critical aspects of organizational learning in tourism crisis management. This novelty and in-depth discussions of practical lessons across the globe could be of great interest to both academics and practitioners alike. In recent years, many tourism and hospitality firms have applied the essence of crisis management and organizational learning in their contingency planning and crisis management frameworks. Tourism and hospitality managers have fully realized the importance of learning from previous crises and thus applied these learning strategies in their preparation programs. Therefore, they would be very eager more than before to use this material and recommend it to colleagues, employees, etc. Another potential demand would be academics, students and researchers in the both fields of organizational learning and tourism crisis management. Most universities and tourism institutions either directly or indirectly have developed new curriculums on tourism crisis management at Masters and PhD levels with special focus on organizational learning and preparation. This book will be of great interest for these people as previous resources are relatively outdated and furthermore, they did not cover the subject of organizational learning in details.

Tourism and Resilience

Download Tourism and Resilience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Channel View Publications
ISBN 13 : 1845416325
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (454 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tourism and Resilience by : C. Michael Hall

Download or read book Tourism and Resilience written by C. Michael Hall and published by Channel View Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first authored overview of resilience in tourism and its relationship to the broader resilience literature. The volume takes a multi-scaled approach to examine resilience at the individual, organisation and destination levels, and with respect to the wider tourism system. It covers the different approaches to understanding resilience (the ecological and engineering approaches) and identifies issues with their understanding and application. The book connects issues of resilience to related key concepts such as vulnerability, adaptation, networks, systems, change and social capital. It is designed to be an upper level undergraduate and postgraduate primer on resilience in a tourism context and will be of interest to tourism researchers in planning, development, geography, impacts, sustainability, disaster management and environmental studies.

Destination Resilience

Download Destination Resilience PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351331922
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Destination Resilience by : Elisa Innerhofer

Download or read book Destination Resilience written by Elisa Innerhofer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book calls for rethinking the meaning of sustainable development in tourism and explores how sustainability and resilience could be integrated. It argues that these concepts should be seen as interwoven processes, rather than alternative approaches. Resilience should be understood as a fundamental part of sustainable tourism thinking for destination systems. This can be achieved by calling for better governance in implementation and management. With insights from leading experts, chapters focus on resilient destinations from this governance perspective, in which tourism resilience is contextualized as an integral part of pathway creation in the process of moving towards sustainable tourism. The chapters represent a range of theoretical and empirical approaches with a wide international scope to demonstrate how governance is the key issue in sustainable tourism development. This book will appeal to a wide range of research disciplines and students whose modules focus on the relationship between tourism with respect to sustainability planning, governance, environment, and hazards and disasters.

Crisis Management in Tourism

Download Crisis Management in Tourism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845930479
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Crisis Management in Tourism by : Eric Laws

Download or read book Crisis Management in Tourism written by Eric Laws and published by CABI. This book was released on 2007 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using examples from the UK, Europe, America, Australia and Asia, this book provides an analysis of the latest thinking and practice in dealing with extreme and sudden reductions in demand for specific tourist destinations or products. It shows that managerial responses, including problem solving and market recovery steps, vary in effectiveness and that recovery may be slow after initial problems are overcome.

Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry

Download Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113641312X
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry by : Dirk Glaesser

Download or read book Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry written by Dirk Glaesser and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-10-19 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tourism industry is arguably one of the most important sources of income and foreign exchange, and is growing rapidly. However, national and international crises have huge negative economic consequences. Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry aims to illustrate the theories and actions that can be taken to better understand consumer, economic and environmental reaction, in order for the businesses involved to be more prepared for such events. Now in its second edition, this text has been fully revised and extended to include recent events such as Bali, SARS and international terrorism, expanding sections such as: * Terrorism and criminal activities * Risk perceptions and the influencing variables * The stakeholder concepts * Analysis methods- visibility of advantages/disadvantages of methods * Marketing instruments and best practices Written by one of the world’s leading experts from the World Tourism Organisation, the book has global coverage, and presents international, up-to-date case studies and examples from countries such as the UK, Australia and USA. The book provides discussion of: * The influential effect of the mass media How crises effect the purchase decision process Destination branding/image and its manipulation Preventative crises management and strategies Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry is an essential guide to explaining how the tourism industry can prepare and succeed in the face of the effects of crises.

Risk, Crisis, and Disaster Management in Small and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises

Download Risk, Crisis, and Disaster Management in Small and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799869989
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Risk, Crisis, and Disaster Management in Small and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises by : Toubes, Diego R.

Download or read book Risk, Crisis, and Disaster Management in Small and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises written by Toubes, Diego R. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tourism destinations are traditionally dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises that provide a wide range of products to tourists such as accommodation, travel services, transportation, recreation and entertainment, and food and beverage services. New knowledge and global risks have emerged, and small and medium-sized tourism enterprises (SMTEs) are now highly vulnerable. Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the whole world and caused a change in the tourism paradigm. Many SMTEs around the world have been severely affected by the need to completely shut down their activities for months, and expectations for recovery in the medium term are not optimistic. SMTEs do not have the capacity and increased resources—financial, human, operational—of large companies to prepare for crisis contingencies (planning) and respond to the challenges they face. They simply do not have the resources or knowledge for risk analysis and the creation of crisis teams or plans. This is an area of growing importance and concern, both in the public and private sectors, where specific research and more in-depth knowledge are needed. Risk, Crisis, and Disaster Management in Small and Medium-Sized Tourism Enterprises connects research in the field of crisis management with the risks affecting small and medium-sized tourism enterprises. The book presents prevailing research on SME-related planning, response, and recovery during crisis situations, further propelling much-needed literature on these challenges in today’s tourism industry. The chapters cover important topics such as terrorism threats, disaster management, resilient strategies, pandemic management, and risk analysis. The target audience of this book will be composed of professionals working in the tourism and hospitality industries, restaurateurs, travel agencies, hotel executives, directors, managers, crisis and risk planners, policymakers, government officials, researchers, and academicians who are interested in the threats to tourism businesses and how small and medium-sized enterprises can manage and navigate these risks.

Sustainability in Hospitality

Download Sustainability in Hospitality PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351285343
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainability in Hospitality by : Miguel Angel Gardetti

Download or read book Sustainability in Hospitality written by Miguel Angel Gardetti and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking research represents the most complete collection yet on how the hospitality industry is addressing sustainability and ethical issues. Covering supply chain management, innovative sustainability initiatives, CSR programmes, biologically-respectful tourism and Value Creation, Sustainability in Hospitality: How Innovative Hotels are Transforming the Industry presents valuable global viewpoints on embedding sustainability into all aspects of the hospitality industry, and the impact this could have on transforming the sector into an advocate for more sustainable, eco-conscious tourism.The chapters in this edited collection span organizational governance, human rights and labour practices, environment and climate change, fair operating practices, stakeholder engagement, CSR and strategic management. The global reach of the collection brings case studies from China, the US, the UK, Mexico and Italy, while company case studies include Fairmont Luxury Hotels and Sextantio.Sustainability in Hospitality: How Innovative Hotels are Transforming the Industry will be an essential read for academics researching the development of ethically-conscious and sustainable hospitality, and for hotel managers and group CEOs who want to know how sustainability and CSR can be embedded in their day-to-day operations.

Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism

Download Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9781032270968
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (79 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism by : Malgorzata Rozkwitalska-Welenc

Download or read book Organizational Resilience in Hospitality and Tourism written by Malgorzata Rozkwitalska-Welenc and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the authors present unique factors that make hospitality and tourism organizations resilient in the VUCA world.

Tourism, Resilience and Sustainability

Download Tourism, Resilience and Sustainability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315464039
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tourism, Resilience and Sustainability by : Joseph M. Cheer

Download or read book Tourism, Resilience and Sustainability written by Joseph M. Cheer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world increasingly faced with, and divided by, regional and global crises, resilience has emerged as a key concept with significant relevance for tourism. A paradigmatic shift is taking place in the long-term planning of tourism development, in which the prevailing focus on sustainability is being enhanced with the practical application of resilience planning. This book provides a critical appraisal of sustainability and resilience, and the relationship between the two. Contributions highlight the complexity of addressing social change with resilience planning in a range of tourism contexts, from islands to mountains, from urban to remote environments, and in a range of international settings. Case studies articulate how tourism is both an agent of social change and a victim of larger change processes, and provide important lessons on how to deal with increasingly unstable economic, social and environmental systems. This is the first book to specifically examine social change and sustainability in tourism through a resilience lens. This much-needed contribution to the literature will be a key resource for those working in tourism studies, tourism planning and management, social geography, and development studies, among others.

Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry

Download Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351947389
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry by : Peter Hosie

Download or read book Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry written by Peter Hosie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important challenge facing tourism is the anticipation of the threat of crises precipitated by natural and people-made catastrophes, and being adequately prepared for them. Despite an increase in research on this issue there is still a considerable lack of clarity on the impacts of crises on the tourism industry. Illustrated by a range of international case studies, this book provides a systematic and conceptual approach to questions such as how tourism businesses prepare for and react to crisis, which measures are taken and what impact they have, and which strategies can be employed to overcome them. By discussing, analyzing and synthesizing the literature on crisis management, the authors question how business can become more proactive in preparing and dealing with crises in the tourism industry.

Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry

Download Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Goodfellow Publishers Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1911396692
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry by : Gabby Walters

Download or read book Reputation and Image Recovery for the Tourism Industry written by Gabby Walters and published by Goodfellow Publishers Ltd. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crises and disasters that impact tourism can have extensive reputational implications for the organisations and destinations involved. This text uses real life cases studies to contextualise the relevant theories and unpacks examples of best practice to show how carefully managed response strategies can ensure the organisation’s future survival.

Human Resources and Tourism

Download Human Resources and Tourism PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Channel View Publications
ISBN 13 : 1845411390
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (454 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Human Resources and Tourism by : Darren Lee-Ross

Download or read book Human Resources and Tourism written by Darren Lee-Ross and published by Channel View Publications. This book was released on 2010 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines theoretical and practical aspects of applied human resources management using a critical lens. It is both a descriptive and analytical journey through the tourism sector which, due to its nature, may be described as a relatively deregulated and eclectic industry. In such a context, human resource practice as presented in this book reflects these extremes.

Resilient Organizations

Download Resilient Organizations PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN 13 : 074947856X
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (494 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Resilient Organizations by : Erica Seville

Download or read book Resilient Organizations written by Erica Seville and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What differentiates resilient organizations from those that are not? Do we need to wait until a crisis strikes to see how resilient an organization is? Resilient Organizations draws on primary research to reveal the answers to these questions and provides practical ideas and actions to make your own organization more resilient. Organizational resilience is about creating organizations with the agility to adapt to unexpected challenges and the capacity to seize opportunity out of adversity. Dr Erica Seville, founder of the Resilient Organizations research programme, provides readers with the essential knowledge required to enable organizations to thrive in a world of change and uncertainty. Drawing on a decade of research, her team have identified 13 indicators to diagnose an organization's resilience. Resilient Organizations draws out the top five ingredients and shows how organization resilience is a capability that can and must be proactively fostered and maintained over time. Using case studies, diagnostic tools and key actions and initiatives to develop and maintain organizational resilience, Resilient Organizations is essential reading for everyone tasked with developing strong organizations that can survive and thrive in crisis and change - from risk, resilience and business continuity professionals to leadership and management teams.

The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management

Download The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1526444496
Total Pages : 1629 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (264 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management by : Chris Cooper

Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management written by Chris Cooper and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2021-08-04 with total page 1629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Handbook of Tourism Management is a critical, authoritative review of tourism management, written by leading international thinkers and academics in the field. Arranged over two volumes, the chapters are framed as critical synoptic pieces covering key developments, current issues and debates, and emerging trends and future considerations for the field. The two volumes focus in turn on the theories, concepts and disciplines that underpin tourism management in volume one, followed by examinations of how those ideas and concepts have been applied in the second volume. Chapters are structured around twelve key themes: Volume One Part One: Researching Tourism Part Two: Social Analysis Part Three: Economic Analysis Part Four: Technological Analysis Part Five: Environmental Analysis Part Six: Political Analysis Volume Two Part One: Approaching Tourism Part Two: Destination Applications Part Three: Marketing Applications Part Four: Tourism Product Markets Part Five: Technological Applications Part Six: Environmental Applications This handbook offers a fresh, contemporary and definitive look at tourism management, making it an essential resource for academics, researchers and students.

Tourism and Hospitality in Conflict-ridden Destinations

Download Tourism and Hospitality in Conflict-ridden Destinations PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781138615212
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (152 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tourism and Hospitality in Conflict-ridden Destinations by : Rami K. Isaac

Download or read book Tourism and Hospitality in Conflict-ridden Destinations written by Rami K. Isaac and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Introduction -- Part 1. Contemporary issues in tourism and hospitality in conflict-ridden destinations -- 2. Tourism and conflict: A framework for examining risk versus satisfaction -- 3. Tourism, border disputes and claims to territorial sovereignty -- 4. The attitudes of the Dutch Market towards safety and security -- 5. Building destination resilience through community and organizational resilience -- Part 2. Tourism and hospitality in conflict situations -- 6. On killing the "toured object": Anti-terrorist fantasy, touristic edgework and morbid consumption in the illegal settlements in West Bank, Palestine -- 7. Tourism as a tool for peace? Between the lines - Thandaung Gyi in Kayin State, Myanmar -- 8. Tourism in Chilas, Pakistan: A destination under crises -- 9. The moderation effect of branding on destination image in a crisis-ridden destination, Zimbabwe -- 10. Dystopian dark tourism, fan subculture and the ongoing Nakba in Banksy's walled Off heterotopia -- 11. The PEGIDA movement and social conflict in Dresden, Germany: An investigation of the impacts of far right populism on tourism in Europe -- Part 3. Tourism and hospitality in post-conflict destinations -- 12. Memorial entrepreneurs and dissonances in post-conflict tourism -- 13. Taking tourism matters into own hands: Phoenix tourism in Moravia, Medellín, Colombia -- 14. Narrating the Scars of Sarajevo: Reminiscent Memories of War and Tragedy in the Landscape -- 15. Bangkok street food-conflicting visions of modernity -- 16. Post-conflict tourism development in Northern Ireland: moving beyond murals and dark sites associated with its past -- 17. Visitor-host encounters in post-conflict destinations: The case of Cyprus -- Part 4. Conclusion.