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Author : David S. F. Portree
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris and Near-Earth Environmental Management written by David S. F. Portree and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309051258
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-07-07 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309219744
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-12-16 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derelict satellites, equipment and other debris orbiting Earth (aka space junk) have been accumulating for many decades and could damage or even possibly destroy satellites and human spacecraft if they collide. During the past 50 years, various National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) communities have contributed significantly to maturing meteoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) programs to their current state. Satellites have been redesigned to protect critical components from MMOD damage by moving critical components from exterior surfaces to deep inside a satellite's structure. Orbits are monitored and altered to minimize the risk of collision with tracked orbital debris. MMOD shielding added to the International Space Station (ISS) protects critical components and astronauts from potentially catastrophic damage that might result from smaller, untracked debris and meteoroid impacts. Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft: An Assessment of NASA's Meteoroid and Orbital Debris Program examines NASA's efforts to understand the meteoroid and orbital debris environment, identifies what NASA is and is not doing to mitigate the risks posed by this threat, and makes recommendations as to how they can improve their programs. While the report identified many positive aspects of NASA's MMOD programs and efforts including responsible use of resources, it recommends that the agency develop a formal strategic plan that provides the basis for prioritizing the allocation of funds and effort over various MMOD program needs. Other necessary steps include improvements in long-term modeling, better measurements, more regular updates of the debris environmental models, and other actions to better characterize the long-term evolution of the debris environment.
Author : Donald J. Kessler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris Environment for Spacecraft Designed to Operate in Low Earth Orbit written by Donald J. Kessler and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The orbital debris environment model contained in this report is intended to be used by the spacecraft community for the design and operation of spacecraft in low Earth orbit. This environment, when combined with material dependent impact tests and spacecraft failure analysis, is intended to be used to evaluate spacecraft vulnerability, reliability, and shielding requirements. The environment represents a compromise between existing data to measure the environment, modeling of these data to predict the future environment, the uncertainty in both measurements and modeling, and the need to describe the environment so that various options concerning spacecraft design and operations can be easily evaluated.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Orbiting Debris written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309056306
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Protecting the Space Station from Meteoroids and Orbital Debris written by Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-02-02 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David S. F. Portree
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris: A Chronology written by David S. F. Portree and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 37-year (1961-1998) history of orbital debris concerns. Tracks orbital debris hazard creation, research, observation, experimentation, management, mitigation, protection, and policy. Includes debris-producing, events; U.N. orbital debris treaties, Space Shuttle and space station orbital debris issues; ASAT tests; milestones in theory and modeling; uncontrolled reentries; detection system development; shielding development; geosynchronous debris issues, including reboost policies: returned surfaces studies, seminar papers reports, conferences, and studies; the increasing effect of space activities on astronomy; and growing international awareness of the near-Earth environment.
Author : US Cong Off Tech Assess ...
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428921990
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)
Download or read book Orbiting debris : a space environmental problem. written by US Cong Off Tech Assess ... and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309176808
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-06-07 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (126 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309219779
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derelict satellites, equipment and other debris orbiting Earth (aka space junk) have been accumulating for many decades and could damage or even possibly destroy satellites and human spacecraft if they collide. During the past 50 years, various National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) communities have contributed significantly to maturing meteoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) programs to their current state. Satellites have been redesigned to protect critical components from MMOD damage by moving critical components from exterior surfaces to deep inside a satellite's structure. Orbits are monitored and altered to minimize the risk of collision with tracked orbital debris. MMOD shielding added to the International Space Station (ISS) protects critical components and astronauts from potentially catastrophic damage that might result from smaller, untracked debris and meteoroid impacts. Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft: An Assessment of NASA's Meteoroid and Orbital Debris Program examines NASA's efforts to understand the meteoroid and orbital debris environment, identifies what NASA is and is not doing to mitigate the risks posed by this threat, and makes recommendations as to how they can improve their programs. While the report identified many positive aspects of NASA's MMOD programs and efforts including responsible use of resources, it recommends that the agency develop a formal strategic plan that provides the basis for prioritizing the allocation of funds and effort over various MMOD program needs. Other necessary steps include improvements in long-term modeling, better measurements, more regular updates of the debris environmental models, and other actions to better characterize the long-term evolution of the debris environment.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Orbital Debris: Technical Issues and Future Directions written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jer-Chyi Liou
Publisher : BiblioGov
ISBN 13 : 9781289113988
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (139 download)
Download or read book The Near-Earth Orbital Debris Problem and the Challenges for Environment Remediation written by Jer-Chyi Liou and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The near-Earth space environment has been gradually polluted with orbital debris (OD) since the beginning of space activities 55 years ago. Although this problem has been known to the research community for decades, the public was, in general, unaware of the issue until the anti-satellite test conducted by China in 2007 and the collision between Cosmos 2251 and the operational Iridium 33 in 2009. The latter also underlined the potential of an ongoing collision cascade effect (the "Kessler Syndrome") in the low Earth orbit (LEO, the region below 2000 km altitude). Recent modeling results have indicated that mitigation measures commonly adopted by the international space community will be insufficient to stabilize the LEO debris population. To better limit the OD population increase, more aggressive actions must be considered. There are three options for OD environment remediation-removal of large/massive intact objects to address the root cause of the OD population growth problem, removal of 5-mm-to-1 cm debris to mitigate the main mission-ending threats for the majority of operational spacecraft, and prevention of major debris-generating collisions as a temporary means to slow down the OD population increase. The technology, engineering, and cost challenges to carry out any of these three options are monumental. It will require innovative ideas, game-changing technologies, and major collaborations at the international level to address the OD problem and preserve the near-Earth environment for future generations.
Author : Kai-Uwe Schrogl
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461420286
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Space Security written by Kai-Uwe Schrogl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space Security involves the use of space (in particular communication, navigation, earth observation, and electronic intelligence satellites) for military and security purposes on earth and also the maintenance of space (in particular the earth orbits) as safe and secure areas for conducting peaceful activities. The two aspects can be summarized as "space for security on earth" and “the safeguarding of space for peaceful endeavors.” The Handbook will provide a sophisticated, cutting-edge resource on the space security policy portfolio and the associated assets, assisting fellow members of the global space community and other interested policy-making and academic audiences in keeping abreast of the current and future directions of this vital dimension of international space policy. The debate on coordinated space security measures, including relevant 'Transparency and Confidence-Building Measures,' remains at a relatively early stage of development. The book offers a comprehensive description of the various components of space security and how these challenges are being addressed today. It will also provide a number of recommendations concerning how best to advance this space policy area, given the often competing objectives of the world's major space-faring nations. The critical role to be played by the United States and Europe as an intermediary and "middle diplomat" in promoting sustainable norms of behavior for space will likewise be highlighted. In providing a global and coherent analytical approach to space security today, the Handbook focuses on four areas that together define the entire space security area: policies, technologies, applications, and programs. This structure will assure the overall view of the subject from its political to its technical aspects. Internationally recognized experts in each of the above fields contribute, with their analytical synthesis assured by the section editors.
Author : Cynthia A. Belk
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Meteoroids and Orbital Debris written by Cynthia A. Belk and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Descriptions are presented of orbital debris source, distribution, size, lifetime, and mitigation measures.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 892 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)
Download or read book Confronting Space Debris: Strategies and Warnings from Comparable Examples Including Deepwater Horizon written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Orbital (space) debris represents a growing threat to the operation of man-made objects in space. According to Nick Johnson, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) chief scientist for orbital debris, "[T]he current orbital debris environment poses a real, albeit low level, threat to the operation of spacecraft" in both low earth orbit (LEO) and geosynchronous orbit (GEO) (Johnson, 2010). There are currently hundreds of thousands of objects greater than one centimeter in diameter in Earth's orbit. The collision of any one of these objects with an operational satellite would cause catastrophic failure of that satellite. This monograph presents a new way of thinking about the orbital debris problem. It should be of interest to space-faring nation-states and commercial firms, the legislative and executive branches of the U.S. government, the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and the general public. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and conducted within the Acquisition and Technology Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the Defense Intelligence Community.
