Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Optical Study Of Shear And Longitudinal Acoustic Waves And Complex Relaxation Dynamics Of Glass Forming Liquids
Download Optical Study Of Shear And Longitudinal Acoustic Waves And Complex Relaxation Dynamics Of Glass Forming Liquids full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Optical Study Of Shear And Longitudinal Acoustic Waves And Complex Relaxation Dynamics Of Glass Forming Liquids ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Optical Study of Shear and Longitudinal Acoustic Waves and Complex Relaxation Dynamics of Glass Forming Liquids by : Darius H. Torchinsky
Download or read book Optical Study of Shear and Longitudinal Acoustic Waves and Complex Relaxation Dynamics of Glass Forming Liquids written by Darius H. Torchinsky and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) Finally, results of ISS acoustic measurements of thin films and their relationship with the study of glass forming liquids are briefly discussed.
Book Synopsis Ultrafast Photo-acoustic Spectroscopy of Super-cooled Liquids by : Christoph Klieber
Download or read book Ultrafast Photo-acoustic Spectroscopy of Super-cooled Liquids written by Christoph Klieber and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Picosecond laser ultrasonic techniques for acoustic wave generation and detection were adapted to probe longitudinal and transverse acoustic waves in liquids at gigahertz frequencies. The experimental effort was designed for the study of supercooled liquids whose slower relaxation dynamics extend to gigahertz frequencies at high temperatures and whose faster dynamics are centered uniquely in the gigahertz frequency range. The experimental approach used a unique laser pulse shaping technique and, in the case of shear acoustic waves, a crystallographically canted metal transducer layer, to generate frequency tunable compressional and shear acoustic waves. Either time-domain coherent Brillouin scattering or interferometry was used to detect the waves in or after propagation through a liquid layer. The study of liquid-state gigahertz acoustic behavior required advances in both the experimental methodology and in the theoretical modeling of the results. A particular challenge was posed by the extraordinarily strong damping of gigahertz-frequency acoustic waves in liquids at some temperature ranges. This demanded the design and construction of a liquid sample cell allowing access to a wide range of liquid thicknesses, from less than a nanometer up to several microns. This was achieved by squeezing the liquid between two specially prepared high quality optical substrates held in a non-parallel configuration by a custom-designed sample holder jig. Several metallic layer materials were used for conversion of optical pulse energy into acoustic waves that were launched into the liquid samples, and different probe geometries were developed to enable access to a wide frequency range. The developed spectroscopic strategies were then applied to the study of two liquids, glycerol and tetramethyl tetraphenyl trisiloxane (DC704). Measurements of the density responses of both liquids from 400 K to below their respective glass transition temperatures were carried out. Longitudinal acoustic waves were either monitored via time-domain Brillouin scattering in the liquid or via interferometry after transmission through variably thick liquid layers, granting access to longitudinal acoustic frequencies from 10 GHz up to about 200 GHz. The information obtained on gigahertz frequency liquid relaxation was pieced together with data from several other techniques to create broadband relaxation spectra (from millihertz up to gigahertz), allowing characterization of the complex structural relaxation dynamics over many orders of magnitude and enabling both empirical modeling and testing of the predictions of the mode-coupling theory of supercooled liquids. The requirements for gigahertz shear wave generation and detection, including the properties of the photo-acoustic transducer materials, the sample and experimental geometry, and the detection material choices, are discussed. Results on shear wave propagation in glycerol and DC704 are presented. The technique for shear wave generation and detection is not limited to the study of viscous liquids but can also be applied to liquids like water, from which initial results are presented.
Download or read book The Glass Transition written by E. Donth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes and interrelates the following processes: cooperative alpha processes in a cold liquid, structural relaxation in the glass near Tg, the Johari-Goldstein beta process, the Williams-Götze process in a warm liquid, fast nonactivated cage rattling and boson peak, and ultraslow Fischer modes.
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Dynamics of Glass-Forming Systems by : George Floudas
Download or read book Molecular Dynamics of Glass-Forming Systems written by George Floudas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pressure is one of the essential thermodynamic variables that, due to some former experimental difficulties, was long known as the “forgotten variable.” But this has changed over the last decade. This book includes the most essential first experiments from the 1960's and reviews the progress made in understanding glass formation with the application of pressure in the last ten years. The systems include amorphous polymers and glass-forming liquids, polypeptides and polymer blends. The thermodynamics of these systems, the relation of the structural relaxation to the chemical specificity, and their present and future potential applications are discussed in detail. The book provides (a) an overview of systems exhibiting glassy behavior in relation to their molecular structure and provides readers with the current state of knowledge on the liquid-to-glass transformation, (b) emphasizes the relation between thermodynamic state and dynamic response and (c) shows that the information on the pressure effects on dynamics can be employed in the design of materials for particular applications. It is meant to serve as an advanced introductory book for scientists and graduate students working or planning to work with dynamics. Several scientific papers dealing with the effects of pressure on dynamics have appeared in leading journals in the fields of physics in the last ten years. The book provides researchers and students new to the field with an overview of the knowledge that has been gained in a coherent and comprehensive way.
Book Synopsis Glassy Disordered Systems by : Michael I. Klinger
Download or read book Glassy Disordered Systems written by Michael I. Klinger and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book describes the fundamental features of glassy disordered systems at high temperatures (close to the liquid-to-glass transition) and for the first time in a book, the universal anomalous properties of glasses at low energies (i.e. temperatures/frequencies lower than the Debye values) are depicted. Several important theoretical models for both the glass formation and the universal anomalous properties of glasses are described and analyzed. The origin and main features of soft atomic-motion modes and their excitations, as well as their role in the anomalous properties, are considered in detail. It is shown particularly that the soft-mode model gives rise to a consistent description of the anomalous properties. Additional manifestations of the soft modes in glassy phenomena are described. Other models of the anomalous glassy properties can be considered as limit cases of the soft-mode model for either very low or moderately low temperatures/frequencies.
Book Synopsis Molecular Dynamics and Relaxation Phenomena in Glasses by : Thomas Dorfmüller
Download or read book Molecular Dynamics and Relaxation Phenomena in Glasses written by Thomas Dorfmüller and published by Springer. This book was released on 1987-04-23 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of a workshop on glass-forming liquids held at the University of Bielefeld in 1985. The aim of the meeting was to seek unifying interpretations which may apply to all glass-forming materials like inorganic and polymer glasses. Also, new data was presented and modern interpretations were applied which represent the state-of-the-art knowledge about the unusual physical properties of these chemically-diverse glass-forming materials. The book should be of interest to specialists in the subject, to polymer scientists, glass technologists and materials scientists, but also - and most importantly - to researchers and teachers who wish to become informed on some of the most recent fundamental research in the fields.
Book Synopsis Study of the Dynamics of Glass Forming Liquids Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations by : Christopher Henry Sokolowski
Download or read book Study of the Dynamics of Glass Forming Liquids Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations written by Christopher Henry Sokolowski and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Glasses and the Glass Transition by : Ivan S. Gutzow
Download or read book Glasses and the Glass Transition written by Ivan S. Gutzow and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by renowned researchers in the field, this up-to-date treatise fills the gap for a high-level work discussing current materials and processes. It covers all the steps involved, from vitrification, relaxation and viscosity, right up to the prediction of glass properties, paving the way for improved methods and applications. For solid state physicists and chemists, materials scientists, and those working in the ceramics industry. With a preface by L. David Pye and a foreword by Edgar D. Zanotto
Book Synopsis Molecular Dynamics and Relaxation Phenomena in Glasses by : Thomas Dorfmüller
Download or read book Molecular Dynamics and Relaxation Phenomena in Glasses written by Thomas Dorfmüller and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of a workshop on glass-forming liquids held at the University of Bielefeld in 1985. The aim of the meeting was to seek unifying interpretations which may apply to all glass-forming materials like inorganic and polymer glasses. Also, new data was presented and modern interpretations were applied which represent the state-of-the-art knowledge about the unusual physical properties of these chemically-diverse glass-forming materials. The book should be of interest to specialists in the subject, to polymer scientists, glass technologists and materials scientists, but also - and most importantly - to researchers and teachers who wish to become informed on some of the most recent fundamental research in the fields.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Nonexponential Relaxation in Glass Forming Systems by : Karan Doss
Download or read book Fundamentals of Nonexponential Relaxation in Glass Forming Systems written by Karan Doss and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable complexity in the emergent behaviors exhibited by glass-forming systems have captivated physicists for the better half of the 20th century and continue to be at the forefront of condensed matter research today. Glass-forming systems are atomically disordered and relax nonexponentially when perturbed out of equilibrium. Nonexponential relaxation attracts research interest from disparate fields and has been studied across multiple levels of abstraction. The complex nature of its origins has thus far precluded the derivation of first-principles models that establish a well-defined relationship between the glass-former chemistry and corresponding macroscopic properties of interest. This has inevitably yielded numerous phenomenological models that do not stand on strong theoretical foundations. The work presented herein establishes the thermodynamic foundations of structural relaxation and elucidates the origins of heuristic mathematical models that have been successful in modeling nonexponential relaxation in glass. In this dissertation, the mean relaxation time predicted by the Maxwell relation for stress relaxation is examined. The Maxwell relation is derived within the Markov Network Model framework which is rooted in the energy landscape description of a material. An expression for the average relaxation time under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions are presented. It is shown that relaxation time calculated using the Maxwell relation is mismatched with the structural relaxation time. Experimental evidence is presented to show that the relaxation time obtained from shear viscosity measurements must correspond to the stress relaxation time. Subsequently, a fundamental thermodynamic description of structural relaxation in glasses is developed by establishing a link between the Prony series solution to structural relaxation derived from the principles of irreversible thermodynamics and asymmetric Lévy stable distribution of relaxation rates. Additionally, it is shown that the bulk viscosity of glass, and not the shear viscosity, is the transport coefficient that is kinetically coupled to the structural relaxation process. The distribution of relaxation times and energy barrier heights underpinning stretched exponential relaxation are derived. It is shown that a stretched exponential response necessitates the generation of a power-law or fractal distribution of relaxation times, indicating an underlying symmetry of scale-invariance in time arising from heterogeneous dynamics. The presence of large scatter in linear response data has cast doubt on the existence of an inverse correlation between liquid fragility and nonexponentiality. In this light, a model for the temperature dependence of the stretching exponent is presented based on the MYEGA model for supercooled liquid viscosity. The factors impacting the relationship between fragility and the stretching exponent at the glass transition are elucidated using this model. It is shown that the dispersion in topological degrees of freedom is proportional to the deviation from exponential behavior at the glass transition for glass formers with identical fragilities. Lastly, this dissertation lays the groundwork for disambiguating the complex dynamics of glass through the use of data-driven modeling. While molecular dynamics simulations have provided invaluable insights into the atomic-scale dynamics underpinning a broad range of glass chemistries, they offer no direct insight into the collective modes underpinning the dynamics. Dynamic Mode Decomposition, an emerging data-driven technique, is used to recover the collective modes embedded in high-dimensional time-series data obtained from molecular dynamics simulations. The recovered modes are mined to study the relationship between structure and the dynamics using pressure quenched Silica as a model system. The proposed technique is easy to implement, scalable, and easily adapted to study the relationship between glass chemistry, thermal, and pressure histories, and the underlying dynamics.
Book Synopsis Glasses and Glass Formers - Current Issues: Volume 455 by : C. A. Angell
Download or read book Glasses and Glass Formers - Current Issues: Volume 455 written by C. A. Angell and published by . This book was released on 1997-07-08 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together researchers from various backgrounds dealing with the manifestations of the glassy or liquid state of matter, and with the ubiquitous characteristics of the structure and dynamic properties. The goal of this book is to compare the relative merits of different theoretical, computational and experimental approaches to the subject, and to promote the exchange of ideas between the individual disciplines. Papers reflect state-of-the-art knowledge on processes involved in glass formation, and on the relationships between structure and properties of glass-forming liquids, synthetic polymers and biopolymers. Emphasis is on novel experimental techniques, developments in computational methods, and on recent theoretical models which are improving the understanding of the observed phenomena. Topics include: short-time dynamics; relaxation dynamics of glasses and glass formers; glass-like systems, simulations and models; contrasting metallic, ionic, bio and polymer systems; structure, energetics and polyamorphism; and structure and dynamics of glasses and glass formers.
Book Synopsis Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses by : Punit Boolchand
Download or read book Insulating and Semiconducting Glasses written by Punit Boolchand and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of principle topical issues on the basic science of glasses and amorphous thin-films. It also includes select applications of these materials in current and evolving technologies, including optical recording, imaging, solar cells, battery technology and field-emission displays. The glass systems of interest include oxides, chalcogenides and chalcohalides of the group III, IV and V elements, as well as amorphous thin-films of the group IV elements. Glass formation in covalent melts can be understood in terms of new ideas based on constraint counting algorithms which have led to the fragile-strong classification and to the concept of rigidity transition. Vibrational excitations and characterization of the atomic scale structure at various length scales are addressed by an array of experimental probes, including X-ray and neutron scattering, Brillouin scattering, Raman scattering and infrared reflectance, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, nuclear quadrupole resonance and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Chapters are also devoted to the physics of electronic transport in amorphous materials, to the physics of tunnelling states in crystalline and amorphous solids, and the physics of light-induced effects in glasses. In addition, a chapter is devoted to the rapidly-evolving field of numerical simulations of disordered systems by computer modelling. Each of these topics is discussed by experts who have made contributions to the field.
Book Synopsis Dynamical Heterogeneities in Glasses, Colloids, and Granular Media by : Ludovic Berthier
Download or read book Dynamical Heterogeneities in Glasses, Colloids, and Granular Media written by Ludovic Berthier and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the solid materials we use in everyday life, from plastics to cosmetic gels exist under a non-crystalline, amorphous form: they are glasses. Yet, we are still seeking a fundamental explanation as to what glasses really are and to why they form. In this book, we survey the most recent theoretical and experimental research dealing with glassy physics, from molecular to colloidal glasses and granular media. Leading experts in this field present broad and original perspectives on one of the deepest mysteries of condensed matter physics, with an emphasis on the key role played by heterogeneities in the dynamics of glassiness.
Book Synopsis Summary of Research on Structural Relaxation, Electrical Relaxation, Phase Separation and Microstructure in Glasses by : T. A. Litovitz
Download or read book Summary of Research on Structural Relaxation, Electrical Relaxation, Phase Separation and Microstructure in Glasses written by T. A. Litovitz and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of glasses and glass-forming liquids (vitreous materials) constituted an area of basic research in chemistry rich in immediate applications to technology of importance to the Air Force. The fundamental output of this contract has been 18 basic scientific publications in the general areas of (1) micro-structure and phase separation, (2) electrical relaxation phenomena and (3) viscoelastic and structural relaxation in molten glasses. (Author).
Book Synopsis A Computational Study of Glass-forming Ability and Relaxation in Silicate Glasses by : Zegao Liu
Download or read book A Computational Study of Glass-forming Ability and Relaxation in Silicate Glasses written by Zegao Liu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis summarizes a collection of computational studies on glass relaxation and glass-forming ability using the methodology of molecular dynamic simulation and topological constraint theory. As out-of-equilibrium materials, glasses continually tend to relax toward the metastable supercooled liquid state. Glass relaxation can result in a non-reversible glass transition upon a cooling/reheating cycle. With the help of molecular dynamic simulation, we present a novel methodology combining thermal cycles and inherent configuration analysis to investigate the features of relaxation and glass transition reversibility. By considering three archetypical silicate glasses, viz., silica, sodium silicate, and calcium aluminosilicate, we show that, for all the glasses considered herein, the enthalpy relaxation can be well described by mode-coupling theory.[1] Further, we demonstrate the existence of a decoupling between enthalpy and volume relaxation and show that enthalpy relaxation results in a non-reversible glass transition--the degree of non-reversibility being strongly system-specific. In addition to glass relaxation, we also investigate the narrow glass-forming ability window of calcium silicate glass which exhibits an interesting connection with the average number of constraints. By performing molecular dynamic simulations on calcium silicate glasses with a series of CaO composition, we compute the number of constraints as a function of CaO composition and illustrate the strong dependence between glass-forming ability and the rigidity of glass network.
Book Synopsis Complex Wave Dynamics on Thin Films by : Hen-hong Chang
Download or read book Complex Wave Dynamics on Thin Films written by Hen-hong Chang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-03-14 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wave evolution on a falling film is a classical hydrodynamic instability whose rich wave dynamics have been carefully recorded in the last fifty years. Such waves are known to profoundly affect the mass and heat transfer of multi-phase industrial units.This book describes the collective effort of both authors and their students in constructing a comprehensive theory to describe the complex wave evolution from nearly harmonic waves at the inlet to complex spatio-temporal patterns involving solitary waves downstream. The mathematical theory represents a significant breakthrough from classical linear stability theories, which can only describe the inlet harmonic waves and also extends classical soliton theory for integrable systems to real solitrary wave dynamics with dissipation. One unique feature of falling-film solitary wave dynamics, which drives much of the spatio-temporal wave evolution, is the irreversible coalescence of such localized wave structures. It represents the first full description of a hydrodynamic instability from inception to developed chaos. This approach should prove useful for other complex hydrodynamic instabilities and would allow industrial engineers to better design their multi-phase apparati by exploiting the deciphered wave dynamics. This publication gives a comprehensive review of all experimental records and existing theories and significantly advances state of the art on the subject and are complimented by complex and attractive graphics from computational fluid mechanics.
