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Ontology And The Logistic Analysis Of Language
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Book Synopsis Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language by : Guido Küng
Download or read book Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language written by Guido Küng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is the aim of the present study to introduce the reader to the ways of thinking of those contemporary philosophers who apply the tools of symbolic logic to classical philosophical problems. Unlike the "conti nental" reader for whom this work was originally written, the English speaking reader will be more familiar with most of the philosophers dis cussed in this book, and he will in general not be tempted to dismiss them indiscriminately as "positivists" and "nominalists". But the English version of this study may help to redress the balance in another respect. In view of the present emphasis on ordinary language and the wide spread tendency to leave the mathematical logicians alone with their technicalities, it seems not without merit to revive the interest in formal ontology and the construction of formal systems. A closer look at the historical account which will be given here, may convince the reader that there are several points in the historical develop ment whose consequences have not yet been fully assessed: I mention, e. g. , the shift from the traditional three-level semantics of sense and deno tation to the contemporary two-level semantics of representation; the relation of extensional structure and intensional content in the extensional systems of Wittgenstein and Carnap; the confusing changes in labelling the different kinds of analytic and apriori true sentences; etc. Among the philosophically interesting tools of symbolic logic Lesniewski's calculus of names deserves special attention.
Book Synopsis Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language by : Guido KÜNG
Download or read book Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language written by Guido KÜNG and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ontology and the logistic analysis of language by : Guido Küng
Download or read book Ontology and the logistic analysis of language written by Guido Küng and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language and Ontology by : Kanti Lal Das
Download or read book Language and Ontology written by Kanti Lal Das and published by Northern Book Centre. This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights the concept of ontology, relationship between language and ontology, the distinction between ontology and reality, the role of linguistic philosophers in dealing with ontology etc. Apart from these, the eminent scholars address themselves with the ontology behind the value of valuation, exclusion and discrimination, inter-religious dialogue, Indian theories of language, values in cinema, poetic language etc.
Book Synopsis Language and Ontology by : Jack Kaminsky
Download or read book Language and Ontology written by Jack Kaminsky and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ontology-Based Interpretation of Natural Language by : Philipp Cimiano
Download or read book Ontology-Based Interpretation of Natural Language written by Philipp Cimiano and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2014-03-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For humans, understanding a natural language sentence or discourse is so effortless that we hardly ever think about it. For machines, however, the task of interpreting natural language, especially grasping meaning beyond the literal content, has proven extremely difficult and requires a large amount of background knowledge. This book focuses on the interpretation of natural language with respect to specific domain knowledge captured in ontologies. The main contribution is an approach that puts ontologies at the center of the interpretation process. This means that ontologies not only provide a formalization of domain knowledge necessary for interpretation but also support and guide the construction of meaning representations. We start with an introduction to ontologies and demonstrate how linguistic information can be attached to them by means of the ontology lexicon model lemon. These lexica then serve as basis for the automatic generation of grammars, which we use to compositionally construct meaning representations that conform with the vocabulary of an underlying ontology. As a result, the level of representational granularity is not driven by language but by the semantic distinctions made in the underlying ontology and thus by distinctions that are relevant in the context of a particular domain. We highlight some of the challenges involved in the construction of ontology-based meaning representations, and show how ontologies can be exploited for ambiguity resolution and the interpretation of temporal expressions. Finally, we present a question answering system that combines all tools and techniques introduced throughout the book in a real-world application, and sketch how the presented approach can scale to larger, multi-domain scenarios in the context of the Semantic Web.
Book Synopsis The Language of Ontology by : J. T. M. Miller
Download or read book The Language of Ontology written by J. T. M. Miller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Metaphysical and ontological debates - debates about what exists and the nature of reality - have long been among the most discussed topics in philosophy. However, some argue that ontological debates are non-substantive, pointless, trivial, incoherent, or impossible. Debates about whether tables exist, or about the nature of reality, are taken to be defective in some way. This has led to a burgeoning literature studying the nature of metaphysical and ontological disputes themselves. A prominent line of argument in that literature has focused on questions concerning the language in which metaphysical disputes are conducted. Is there a 'fundamental' or 'best' language for ontology, or does the nature of language render metaphysical and ontological disputes non-substantive? This volume brings together new work from established and emerging authors on a range of questions relating to the relationship between language and ontology. More specifically, essays in this volume consider, amongst others, the following topics: whether there can be an 'objectively best' or privileged language of ontology; how we might compare languages to see which language is the language of ontology; whether positing an 'objectively best' language is required of a substantive realist metaphysics; whether metaphysical debates are meaningless; the role of existence and truth in ontological theorising; whether metaphysical claims should be interpreted as attempts to express truths about the nature of reality; and the relationship between natural language and theoretical metaphysics. Collectively, these essays advance a range of debates in metametaphysics and metaontology, and will be an invaluable resource for students and academics interested in the relationship between metaphysics and language"--
Book Synopsis Ontological Semantics by : Sergei Nirenburg
Download or read book Ontological Semantics written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive theory-based approach to the treatment of text meaning in natural language processing applications.
Book Synopsis Ontology and the Lexicon by : Chu-ren Huang
Download or read book Ontology and the Lexicon written by Chu-ren Huang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An edited collection focusing on the technology involved in enabling integration between lexical resources and semantic technologies.
Book Synopsis Ontology and the Analysis of Language by : Guido Kung
Download or read book Ontology and the Analysis of Language written by Guido Kung and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ontolinguistics by : Andrea C. Schalley
Download or read book Ontolinguistics written by Andrea C. Schalley and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current progress in linguistic theorizing is more and more informed by cross-linguistic (including cross-modal) investigation. Comparison of languages relies crucially on the concepts that can be coded with similar effort in all languages. These concepts are part of every language user's ontology, the network of cross-connected conceptualizations the mind uses in coping with the world. Assuming that language comparability is rooted in the comparability of user ontologies, the idea of the present volume is to further instigate progress in linguistics by looking behind the interface with the conceptual-intentional system and asking a still underexplored question: How are ontological structures reflected in intra- and cross-linguistic regularities? This question defines the research program of ontology based linguistics or ontolinguistics. Recent advances in the theory of language have been characterized by an emphasis on external explanatory adequacy and thus on relating language to other phenomena. The research program introduced in this volume adds a decisively distinct and fresh aspect to this emerging new contextualization of the field by bringing together insights from different areas, mainly linguistics, but also neuroscience, philosophy, and artificial intelligence. In providing these disciplines with a new common task, the exploration of the impact of ontological structures on linguistic regularities, the ontolinguistic approach promises to develop into a vital branch of cognitive science. Documenting the beginnings, the book aims to instigate future interdisciplinary research in this area. It will be of interest to researchers in linguistics, artificial intelligence, philosophy, and cognitive science in general.
Author :Chris Fox Publisher :Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications ISBN 13 : Total Pages :228 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The Ontology of Language by : Chris Fox
Download or read book The Ontology of Language written by Chris Fox and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 2000-05-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers contributions to a number of topics in semantics, while at the same time providing an engaging discussion of key foundational issues and of what Property Theory can contribute to them. The book starts from a version of Property Theory which stems out of a combination of the lambda calculus with Aczel's Frege structures (a combination originally developed by Raymond Turner). Fox improves on it and substantially extends it with original applications to plurals and mass nouns, to 'intensional individuals' and to the dynamics of discourse. Some useful appendixes on further extensions and alternatives are added. While being formally highly sophisticated, it manages to give a sense of the elegance and flexibility of the underlying theory. This volume should be of interest to researchers engaged in the cognitive science arena.
Book Synopsis Carnap and the Vienna Circle by : Ramon Cirera
Download or read book Carnap and the Vienna Circle written by Ramon Cirera and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-06-08 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is not inacurate to say that from 1928 to 1936 Carnap was a member of the Vienna Circle, even though during this period he was not always present in Vienna. During this years, which spanned roughly the period from the Aufbau to Testability and Meaning, he worked or at least discussed frequently with the members of the group. However, traditionally it has been difficult to form a proper view of the development of Carnap's ideas throughout this period, mainly because of three errors which have persisted in the commonly accepted historical interpretation of Carnap and the Vienna Circle: emphasis on the Circle as a unit rather than a collective of individuals; insistence on verificationism as the defining characteristic of Logical Positivism; and the systematic abstraction of the work of the Circle from its historical context. As against this historically distorted image, this book argues for an alternative reading, evaluating the different influences on Carnap of Schlick, Wittgenstein, Neurath and Popper, and making sense of Carnap's evolution from physicalism to phenomenalism and the syntactic point of view.
Book Synopsis A Critical Introduction to Properties by : Sophie Allen
Download or read book A Critical Introduction to Properties written by Sophie Allen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do blue things have in common? Or electrons? Or planets? Distinct things appear to share properties; but what are properties and what is the best philosophical account of them? A Critical Introduction to Properties introduces different ontological accounts of properties, exploring how their formulation is shaped by the explanatory demands placed upon them. This accessible introduction begins with a discussion of universals, tropes, sets and resemblance classes, the major objections to them and their responses, providing readers with a firm grasp on the competing ontological accounts of what (if anything) grounds similarity and difference. It then explores issues concerning the formulation and justification of property theories such as: how many properties are there? Should we accept a sparse ontology of properties, or an abundant one? Can we make a distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic properties? Do properties have their causal roles necessarily? What is the relationship between properties and other metaphysical phenomena such as causality, laws and modality? These questions get to the heart of why a coherent theory of properties is so important to metaphysics, and to philosophy more generally. By concluding with the question of the ontological status of properties, the reader is introduced to some Carnapian and contemporary themes about the content and methodology of metaphysics. For students looking for an accessible resource and a more comprehensive understanding of contemporary metaphysics, A Critical Introduction to Properties is a valuable starting point.
Book Synopsis Relations and Predicates by : Herbert Hochberg
Download or read book Relations and Predicates written by Herbert Hochberg and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the age-old problems of universals and individuation has received a new impetus from the current revival of ontology in the analytic tradition, the development of theories of individual properties (and the related application of mereological calculi to the analysis of predication), and the particular problems posed by relational predication and the nature of particulars. The essays explore aspects of the history of the issues and attempt to deal with the issues and with challenges to the distinctions that give rise to them. They continue the debates stemming from the revival of metaphysics rooted in Freges realism, the Austrian tradition of Brentano-Husserl-Meinong, and the early 20th century revolt against idealism embodied in writings of Moore and Russell and culminating in Wittgensteins Tractatus.
Book Synopsis Particulars, Actuality, and Identity over Time, vol 4 by : Michael Tooley
Download or read book Particulars, Actuality, and Identity over Time, vol 4 written by Michael Tooley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 4 in the 5-volume series titled Analytical Metaphysics. The essays in this volume are concerned with three main issues. First, what account can be given of the nature of a particular? Second, is identity over time a basic and irreducible relation, or can it be analysed? If so, what is the correct analysis? Third, what account can be offered of what it is to be actual? The final account of this volume involves the claim that actuality is a special property that is possessed by one, and only one, possible world.
Book Synopsis Particulars, Actuality, and Identity Over Time by : Michael Tooley
Download or read book Particulars, Actuality, and Identity Over Time written by Michael Tooley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1999 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
