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On The Effect Of Surfactants On Drop Coalescence At Liquid Liquid Interfaces
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Book Synopsis On the Effect of Surfactants on Drop Coalescence at Liquid/liquid Interfaces by :
Download or read book On the Effect of Surfactants on Drop Coalescence at Liquid/liquid Interfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drop Coalescence with Liquid/liquid Interfaces in the Presence of Surfactants by : Teng Dong
Download or read book Drop Coalescence with Liquid/liquid Interfaces in the Presence of Surfactants written by Teng Dong and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation describes the experimental investigations on the effect of surfactants on drop coalescence with liquid/liquid interfaces. Different coalescence events are carried out in two unique-designed vessels at different dimensions. Optical methods including high-speed shadowgraphy and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) are applied to detect the drop surface behaviour and the drop inner dynamics. Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) is also utilized to detect the spatio-temporal distribution of surfactants on the coalescing drop surface. A novel flow channel is developed to investigate the surfing drops at moving liquid/liquid interfaces at last. Initially, the total coalescence of drops with the liquid/liquid interfaces, both packed with surfactants at concentrations up to the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC), are studied. It is found that the increase of the surfactant concentration promotes the deformation of the interface before the film that separates the drop from the interface drains and ruptures. After the film rupture, two counter-rotating vortices appear inside the drop, which move faster at low surfactant concentrations. The intensities of the two counter-rotating vortices significantly decrease at increasing surfactant concentration. In the second part of the dissertation, the experimental results on the partial coalescence of drops are presented. The coalescence map based on the dimensionless numbers Oh=AÌ‚Î1⁄4_d/(Ï _mσD)^1/2 and Bo = (ΆϠgD^2)/σ is plotted to distinguish the partial coalescence region, which is found to reduce in the presence of surfactants. The size ratios of the daughter to the mother drop are measured and plotted against the Bo and Oh as well. In the gravity dominant regime, the surfactants have a negligible effect on the drop ratio, while in the inertia-capillary regime the drop size ratio decreases with increasing surfactant concentration. The velocity fields inside the partial coalescing drop are acquired. In the surfactant-free system, it is found that the inward motion of the fluids at the upper part of the drop favours the generation of a liquid cylinder in the early stages. The pressure gradient created by the downward stream at the bottom of the liquid cylinder is believed to cause the pinch-off of the cylinder and the formation of the secondary droplet. The surfactants tend to make the coalescence non-symmetric resulting in total coalescence. The spatiotemporal distributions of surfactants on the merging interfaces are presented in the following part. It is found that when a drop rests on an interface, the surfactants that have been adsorbed on the interfaces are swept outwards by the draining liquid film between the drop and the flat interface and reach a peak value at about 0.75R away from the center, where R is the horizontal drop radius. After the film ruptures, the surfactant concentration at the tip of the retreating meniscus continues to increase. Once the film has retracted to the drop sides, the concentration of the surfactants peaks at the meniscus at the bottom of the drop. The variation of the surfactant concentration along the merging interfaces in the later stages is presented as well. In the end, the delayed coalescence of drops with moving liquid-liquid interfaces is experimentally investigated. Drops are released onto the moving interfaces at velocities from 0 cm/s up to 3.4 cm/s. Drop coalescence is found to be largely delayed at increasing interface speed, which is attributed to the lubrication pressure developed in the draining film. Numerical simulations are conducted for a half-pendent drop levitating on a moving liquid-liquid interface. The results indicate that the minimum pressure appears at the front bottom of the moving drop, where most of the film ruptures are observed to take place. Also, the pressure in the film is calculated based on the local curvature of the drop surface and the tangential velocities on the drop surface and on the interface in the film region. It is found that the lubrication pressure increases with the interface speed. The PLIF technique is used to measure the drop shape and the film thickness between the drop and the interface. A dimple structure in the film is more likely to form at lower interface speeds, while the film tends to be flat when the interfaces move with high speed. During coalescence of drops with moving interfaces, in some cases when films are thicker, the liquid in the film cannot completely drain out but form drops-on-string resulting in the oil entrainment in the aqueous phase.
Book Synopsis Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes by : Laurence R. Weatherley
Download or read book Intensification of Liquid–Liquid Processes written by Laurence R. Weatherley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore and review novel techniques for intensifying transport and reaction in liquid-liquid and related systems with this essential toolkit. Topics include discussion of the principles of process intensification, the nexus between process intensification and sustainable engineering, and the fundamentals of liquid-liquid contacting, from an expert with over forty-five years' experience in the field. Providing promising directions for investment and for new research in process intensification, in addition to a unique review of the fundamentals of the topic, this book is the perfect guide for senior undergraduate students, graduate students, developers, and research staff in chemical engineering and biochemical engineering.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Surfactant Adsorption at a Liquid-liquid Interface by Drop Volume Tensiometry by : Xiaohong Wang
Download or read book Characterization of Surfactant Adsorption at a Liquid-liquid Interface by Drop Volume Tensiometry written by Xiaohong Wang and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Interfacial Transport Phenomena by : John C. Slattery
Download or read book Interfacial Transport Phenomena written by John C. Slattery and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-13 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an extensively revised second edition of "Interfacial Transport Phenomena", a unique presentation of transport phenomena or continuum mechanics focused on momentum, energy, and mass transfer at interfaces. It discusses transport phenomena at common lines or three-phase lines of contact. The emphasis is upon achieving an in-depth understanding based upon first principles. It includes exercises and answers, and can serve as a graduate level textbook.
Book Synopsis Advances in Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer by : Lixin Cheng
Download or read book Advances in Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer written by Lixin Cheng and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012-04-05 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Multiphase flow and heat transfer have found a wide range of applications in several engineering and science fields such as mechanical engineering, chemical and petrochemical engineering, nuclear engineering, energy engineering, material engineering, ocea"
Book Synopsis The Effect of Velocity on the Coalescence of Liquid Drops Impacting a Liquid-liquid Interface by : David Bradley Clark
Download or read book The Effect of Velocity on the Coalescence of Liquid Drops Impacting a Liquid-liquid Interface written by David Bradley Clark and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thin Liquid Films written by Ivan Ivanov and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 1141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provided a systematic examination of both the theory and applications of thin liquid films - giving a critical review of major concepts and unresolved or controversial problems, as well as revealing experimental methods. It includes results previously unpublished. Combining the work of 20 leading researchers, Thin Liquid Films furnishes a fundamental overview of thermodynamics of thin liquid films. Generously illustrated with equations, tables and drawling and containing more than 2,200 citations to pertinent literature, this is an authoritative reference for physical, surface, and colloid chemists, biophysicists and physicists; chemical engineers and advanced graduate students in chemistry, chemical engineering, biophysics and physics.
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Drop Impact and Coalescence at a Liquid/liquid Interface by : Ahmad Zulfaa Mohamed-Kassim
Download or read book Dynamics of Drop Impact and Coalescence at a Liquid/liquid Interface written by Ahmad Zulfaa Mohamed-Kassim and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surfactants written by Bob Aveyard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surfactants... today you have probably eaten some, or rubbed others on your body. Plants, animals (including you) and microorganisms make them, and many everyday products (e.g. detergents, cosmetics, foodstuffs) contain them. Surfactant molecules have one part which is soluble in water and another which is not. This gives surfactant molecules two valuable properties: 1) they adsorb at surfaces (e.g. of an oil droplet in water), and 2) they stick together (aggregate) in water. The aggregates (micelles) are able to dissolve materials not soluble in water alone, and adsorbed surfactant layers, at the surfaces of particles or (say) oil droplets in water, stop the particles or drops sticking together. This is why stable emulsions such as milk do not separate into layers. This book treats the basic physical chemistry and physics underlying the behaviour of surfactant systems. In this book, you will first learn about some background material including hydrophobic hydration, interfacial tension and capillarity (Section I). Discussion of surfactant adsorption at liquid/fluid and solid/liquid interfaces is given in Section II, and includes thermodynamics of adsorption, dynamic and rheological aspects of liquid interfaces and the direct characterisation of surfactant monolayers. In Section III, a description is given of surfactant aggregation to give micelles, lyotropic liquid crystals, microemulsions and Winsor systems. There follows a discussion of surface forces and the way they confer stability on lyophobic colloids and thin liquid films (Section IV). Various dispersions stabilised by adsorbed surfactant or polymer (including solid in liquid dispersions, emulsions and foams) are considered in Section V. The wetting of solids and liquids is explored in Section VI. Like surfactants, small solid particles can adsorb at liquid/fluid interfaces, form monolayers and stabilise emulsions and foams. Such behaviour is covered in Section VII. It is assumed the reader has a knowledge of undergraduate physical chemistry, particularly chemical thermodynamics, and of simple physics. Mathematics (elementary algebra and calculus) is kept at a level consistent with the straightforward derivation of many of the equations presented.
Book Synopsis Recent Developments in Separation Science by : Po Li. N N
Download or read book Recent Developments in Separation Science written by Po Li. N N and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume two of the series focuses on the topics of extraction, filtration, heatless adsorption, hydrometallurgical extraction, interfacial phenomena, separation of gases by regenerative sorption, various polymeric membrane systems, such as electrodialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis. Gas and liquid separations by selective permeation through polymeric membrane, and the origin of separate system. The last topic, as a special feature of interest, provides an analysis of the genesis and development of new separation techniques.
Book Synopsis Adsorption and Aggregation of Surfactants in Solution by : K.L. Mittal
Download or read book Adsorption and Aggregation of Surfactants in Solution written by K.L. Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-07 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering the latest research and developments in the understanding of surfactant behavior in solutions, this reference investigates the role and dynamics of surfactants and their solution properties in the formulation of paints, printing inks, paper coatings, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, cosmetics, liquid detergents, and lubricants. Exploring the science behind techniques from oil recovery to drug delivery, the book covers surfactant stabilized particles; solid particles at liquid interfaces; nanocapsules; aggregation behavior of surfactants; micellar catalysis; vesicles and liposomes; the clouding phenomena; viscoelasticity of micellar solutions; and more.
Book Synopsis Intermittency and Self-Organisation in Turbulence and Statistical Mechanics by : Eun-jin Kim
Download or read book Intermittency and Self-Organisation in Turbulence and Statistical Mechanics written by Eun-jin Kim and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-29 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Intermittency and Self-Organisation in Turbulence and Statistical Mechanics that was published in Entropy
Book Synopsis Bridging Scales in Modelling and Simulation of Non-Reacting and Reacting Flows. Part I by :
Download or read book Bridging Scales in Modelling and Simulation of Non-Reacting and Reacting Flows. Part I written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging Scales in Modelling and Simulating Reacting Flows, Part I , Volume 52 presents key methods to bridge scales in the simulation of reacting single phase flows. New sections in the updated release include topics such as quadrature-based moment methods for multiphase chemically reacting flows, the collaboration of experiments and simulations for the development of predictive models, a simulation of turbulent coalescence and breakage of bubbles and droplets in the presence of surfactants, a section on salts and contaminants, and information on the numerical simulation of reactive flows. Contains reviews by leading authorities in their respective areas Presents up-to-date reviews of the latest techniques in the modeling of catalytic processes Includes a broad mix of US and European authors, as well as academic, industrial and research institute perspectives Provides discussions on the connections between computational and experimental methods
Book Synopsis Applied Surfactants by : Tharwat F. Tadros
Download or read book Applied Surfactants written by Tharwat F. Tadros and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While currently available titles either focus on the basics or on very specific subtopics, this text meets the need for a comprehensive survey of surfactants and their properties, with a strong emphasis on applications and their correlation to the fundamentals. The author covers their classification, physical properties, phase behavior, adsorption, effects - such as wetting, spreading and adhesion - as well as industrial applications in personal care and cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and food products. Professor Tadros is a well-known expert on the topic of surfactants, with much experience in colloid science. Here, he uses his industrial experience to close the gap between fundamentals of surfactants and their relevance and applications in practice.
Download or read book Proceedings: Oil written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface and Interfacial Tension by : Stanley Hartland
Download or read book Surface and Interfacial Tension written by Stanley Hartland and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-11 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume offers complete coverage of the latest theoretical, experimental, and computer-based data as summarized by leading international researchers. It promotes full understanding of the physical phenomena and mechanisms at work in surface and interfacial tensions and gradients, their direct impact on interface shape and movement, and their significance to numerous applications. Assessing methods for the accurate measurement of surface tension, interfacial tension, and contact angles, Surface and Interfacial Tension presents modern simulations of complex interfacial motions, such as bubble motion in liquids, and authoritatively illuminates bubble nucleation and detachment.