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Offshoring And Employment Trends And Impacts
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Book Synopsis Offshoring and Employment Trends and Impacts by : OECD
Download or read book Offshoring and Employment Trends and Impacts written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2007-07-13 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report defines offshoring in detail, describes the wide-ranging effects that offshoring can have on employment both positively and negatively, and outlines the policy implications, suggesting ways to limit the downside of offshoring while building trust among stakeholders.
Book Synopsis Impacts of Offshoring on Jobs and Small U.S. Manufacturers by : Jonathan S. Krekl
Download or read book Impacts of Offshoring on Jobs and Small U.S. Manufacturers written by Jonathan S. Krekl and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offshoring, also known as offshore outsourcing, is the term now being used to describe a practice among companies located in the United States of contracting with businesses beyond U.S. borders to perform services that would otherwise have been provided by in-house employees in white-collar occupations. The term is equally applicable to U.S. firms offshoring the jobs of blue-collar workers on textile and auto assembly lines, for example, which has been taking place for decades. The extension of offshoring from U.S. manufacturers to service providers has heightened public policy concerns about the extent of job loss and foregone employment opportunities among U.S. workers. This concern is especially pertinent to policymakers because of a national unemployment rate persistently exceeding 9 per cent despite the end of the latest recession. This book discusses the impacts of offshoring on jobs and small U.S. manufacturers.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Offshoring and Global Employment by : Ashok Bardhan
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Offshoring and Global Employment written by Ashok Bardhan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Offshoring and Global Employment deals with a key issue of our time: How do globalization, economic growth and technological developments interact to impact employment? The book brings together eminent authors from a wide range of countries around the world, drawing on their diverse academic and policymaking backgrounds, and specific national or regional settings to assess how global economic changes have affected employment opportunities. The book is unique in a number of ways - It has a global reach, presenting analyses and viewpoints from both developed and developing countries, from all continents; its timing and context is particularly instructive, since most papers are located in the aftermath of the global financial crisis; and it addresses a wide range of questions-How do different types of offshoring and global linkages impact employment? How is the skill mix of the labor force impacted by globalization? How do institutional structures and regulations influence the outcome of globalization in developed and developing countries? Individual chapters analyze how the impact of global linkages on national economies is mediated through a number of structural aspects of the economy - its institutional and industrial structure, its resource base, its predominant firm type, its comparative advantage, and its regulatory practices. The chapters in the book cover both manufacturing and services sectors, and many chapters also address policy issues regarding innovation and job creation.
Book Synopsis Offshoring of Services by : Sigurd R. Nilsen
Download or read book Offshoring of Services written by Sigurd R. Nilsen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006-04 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much attention has focused on the offshoringÓ of services to lower-wage locations abroad. Offshoring generally refers to an org. purchase of goods or services from abroad that were previously produced domestically. Extensive public debate has arisen about both the potential benefits of services offshoring, such as lower consumer prices & higher U.S. productivity, as well as the potential costs, such as increased job displacement for selected U.S. workers. This report: provides an overview of experts' views on the potential impacts of services offshoring; describes the types of policies that have been proposed in response to offshoring; & highlights some key areas where add'l. research might help advance the debate about offshoring. Illus.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Offshoring on the Information Technology Sector by : Mohammed K. Yusuf
Download or read book The Effect of Offshoring on the Information Technology Sector written by Mohammed K. Yusuf and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2011-02-08 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is generated from a thesis written by this author in 2009 and provides an insight into the myth that is offshore outsourcing. The Information Technology field has often been criticized for its offshore outsourcing strategy and the negative impact it has on the American Economy. This book however, will provide insight and data gathered over the last twenty years, to show the true effects of offshore outsourcing. The advantages provided by offshore outsourcing are evident through the research in this book. Are we really losing all our jobs to offshore outsourcing? The rapid deployment of call centers to Asia Pac, has many claiming that all our jobs are overseas, this book gives you an insight into how globalization has affected the Information Technology field. The results might surprise you.
Book Synopsis Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment by : Peter Auer
Download or read book Offshoring and the Internationalization of Employment written by Peter Auer and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers examines key trends in the internationalisation of employment, drawing on the proceedings of an ILO conference held in Annecy, France in April 2005. The papers focus on three related issues: the impacts of trade and investment abroad, including the offshoring of production of goods and services, and effects on the winners and losers in terms of employment; adjustment methods for coping with the short and medium term problems related to the globalisation of employment; and the importance of international instruments to help ensure a level playing field in trade and promote development, drawing on established rights and international labour standards.
Author :National Academy of Engineering Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309114837 Total Pages :241 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis The Offshoring of Engineering by : National Academy of Engineering
Download or read book The Offshoring of Engineering written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-08-14 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The engineering enterprise is a pillar of U.S. national and homeland security, economic vitality, and innovation. But many engineering tasks can now be performed anywhere in the world. The emergence of "offshoring"- the transfer of work from the United States to affiliated and unaffiliated entities abroad - has raised concerns about the impacts of globalization. The Offshoring of Engineering helps to answer many questions about the scope, composition, and motivation for offshoring and considers the implications for the future of U.S. engineering practice, labor markets, education, and research. This book examines trends and impacts from a broad perspective and in six specific industries - software, semiconductors, personal computer manufacturing, construction engineering and services, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals. The Offshoring of Engineering will be of great interest to engineers, engineering professors and deans, and policy makers, as well as people outside the engineering community who are concerned with sustaining and strengthening U.S. engineering capabilities in support of homeland security, economic vitality, and innovation.
Book Synopsis Services Offshoring and its Impact on the Labor Market by : Deborah Winkler
Download or read book Services Offshoring and its Impact on the Labor Market written by Deborah Winkler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Services – from information technology to research to finance – are now as subject to international trade as goods have been for decades. What are the labor market consequences of the recent surge in services offshoring? While offshoring has traditionally been found to affect only less-skilled workers in industrialized countries, this study finds that services offshoring also has negative consequences for high-skilled workers. Focusing on the case of Germany, Deborah Winkler shows how services offshoring has grown, who is most affected and what policy makers can do. Winkler measures the impact of services offshoring on German productivity, employment, and employment structure. She provides a well-balanced synthesis of theoretical insights, detailed empirical analysis, and economic policy recommendations. Although her main focus is on the case of Germany, many insights are also applicable to other developed countries.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Impact of IT-Enabled Services Offshoring on U.S. Employment and Earnings by : Andrew Blair
Download or read book Assessing the Impact of IT-Enabled Services Offshoring on U.S. Employment and Earnings written by Andrew Blair and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the recent impact of what can be called the “IT-enabled services offshoring” process on U.S. domestic employment and earnings in relevant services sectors. It draws upon relatively new international services trade data sets developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), which are used in conjunction with service employment and real wage data from the U.S. Department of Labor's Current Employment Statistics (CES), and deals with the years since the turn of the new century, when concerns about the IT-enabled services offshoring process sparked intense professional discussion. The study documents that U.S. trade in IT-enabled services is generally a two-directional phenomenon, entailing both an import as well as an export dimension. While the overall U.S. trade balance for IT-enabled services has been consistently positive, consistently negative trade balances are observable in computer services, an indication of substantial offshoring in that area; moreover, the significant two-way trade pattern in the telecommunications area suggests the presence of offshoring in that area as well. With respect to the other IT-enabled categories (e.g., legal, accounting, and architectural and engineering services) consistent two-way trade has existed in all of the areas reviewed, thus suggesting the presence of some degree of offshoring across all areas. However, while not representing a congruent mapping of categories with the international trade in services data, the available occupational employment and earnings data indicate that the overall relative impact of the IT-enabled offshoring phenomenon has thus far apparently been modest, reflecting most notably the small shares that the relevant occupational categories represent in overall U.S. private employment. Moreover, the observable diverse annual fluctuations and trends in relative occupational employment and earnings in these services sectors are what one would reasonably expect in a huge continental labor market (with its numerous regional and local sub-markets) that is influenced by a variety of forces, including but beyond IT-enabled offshoring.
Download or read book Outsourcing America written by Ron Hira and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2008-04-30 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most controversial topics in the news is the outsourcing of American jobs to other countries. Outsourced jobs have extended well beyond the manufacturing sector to include white-collar professionals, particularly in information technology, financial services, and customer service. Outsourcing America reveals just how much outsourcing is taking place, what its impact has been and will continue to be, and what can be done about the loss of jobs. More than an exposé, Outsourcing America shows how offshoring is part of the historical economic shift toward globalism and free trade, and demonstrates its impact on individual lives and communities. In addition, the book now features a new chapter on immigration policies and outsourcing, and advice on how individuals can avoid becoming victims of outsourcing. The authors discuss policies that countries like India and China use to attract U.S. industries, and they offer frank recommendations that business and political leaders must consider in order to confront this crisis—and bring more high-paying jobs back to the U.S.A.
Book Synopsis Offshoring in the Global Economy by : Pablo Agnese
Download or read book Offshoring in the Global Economy written by Pablo Agnese and published by Fundacion BBVA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pesar de que los procesos de deslocalización (offshoring) no son un fenómeno del todo nuevo, la forma en que se llevan a cabo sí que lo es. El objetivo de este libro es ayudar a los directivos de empresa a tratar con los retos organizativos derivados del auge de la deslocalización que ahora nos espera.En vista de las dificultades de obtener un índice o medida directa sobre la deslocalización, de la heterogeneidad de las fuentes disponibles, y de la falta de consenso en torno a la terminología utilizada, este estudio se basa en gran medida en los datos recientes de la OCDE y la ORN (una red de investigación a la que pertenecen los autores), así como en informes sobre la inversión extranjera directa. El estudio se ofrece como una guía a los tres grandes grupos de interés implicados. En primer lugar, advierte a los gobiernos de no obstaculizar "el proceso económico natural" que el fenómeno significa. En segundo lugar, aconseja a las empresas a visualizar a la deslocalización como una parte integral de la estrategia global. Y en tercer lugar, resalta la necesidad de flexibilidad y formación para aquellos trabajadores que han podido verse afectados por el fenómeno de la deslocalización.Este libro se dirige fundamentalmente a aquellos investigadores en el campo de las instituciones, a los decisores de política, y a los directivos del sector privado, que puedan tener cierto interés en los recientes procesos de deslocalización, y en la creencia de que el mismo les pueda ser útil para el desarrollo de las estrategias adecuadas a escala mundial.
Book Synopsis The New Offshoring of Jobs and Global Development by : Gary Gereffi
Download or read book The New Offshoring of Jobs and Global Development written by Gary Gereffi and published by International Labour Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on the 7th ILO Social Policy Lectures, which are endowed with the ILO's Nobel Peace Prize, held in Kingston, Jamaica in December 2005. In keeping with the topics covered in the lecture series, it uses the global value chains perspective to look at how offshore outsourcing has affected the quantity and quality of jobs in the global economy. While offering an overview of the contemporary global labour market, the book examines the issue of global consolidation and industrial upgrading and its promise and perils for development. It introduces an analytical framework for linking jobs in the industrial structures of both advanced and developing economies through the dynamics of global value chains. It reviews the strategies of leading firms global retailers, branded marketers, and brand-name manufacturers and considers the conceptualisation of jobs in the global economy not by their location in particular industries or countries, but by their role in global value chains.The author argues that, given the special features of global value chains, there is a need to reconsider the contemporary notions of global corporate social responsibility and private as well as public governance
Book Synopsis Outsourcing and Offshoring by : Mari Sako
Download or read book Outsourcing and Offshoring written by Mari Sako and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a discussion of key issues which emerged from a review of the debate on offshoring and outsourcing. Although offshoring is not a new phenomenon, the current phase of offshoring is marked by the increased tradability of services enabled by ICT. The paper puts forward a clear definition of offshoring - defined as a combination of trade flows, FDI, and employment shifts - before doing three things. First, official statistics on international trade and FDI were examined to gauge the extent of offshoring in services. Second, the paper analyses the causes and consequences of different types of outsourcing seen as strategies for corporate restructuring. Third, the impact of outsourcing on jobs and professions is assessed in terms of the repackaging of tasks, skills and knowledge. Our challenge in having an informed debate about offshoring is (a) to articulate the benefits and costs of offshoring by linking the three areas, namely trade and FDI, corporate strategy, and employment; and (b) to collect better data - both official statistics and private surveys - that enable us to link micro-level business decisions on outsourcing and offshoring to sectoral and economy-wide outcomes. Even with inadequate data, however, this paper provides pointers to answer such questions as: *Why is outsourcing and offshoring happening now? *What is the impact of outsourcing/offshoring on home and host economies? *What policies should be devised to address the causes and consequences of offshoring? The key points raised in this paper are as follows. 1. Definitions: Offshoring happens when private firms or governments decide to import intermediate goods or services from overseas that they had previously obtained domestically. It is therefore about sourcing decisions which involve (a) imports, (b) displacement of domestic production and associated jobs, and sometimes (c) foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows if sourcing happens from overseas affiliates. It is difficult to combine three separate sources of data to measure the precise extent of offshoring defined in this way. 2. Trade and FDI: Bearing in mind the limitations to official statistics, they indicate that offshoring of services is quite small, relative to that in manufacturing. In particular: *World trade in services, valued at $1.8 trillion in 2003, is still only a fifth of that in manufacturing. *Only 10% of services output enter international trade, whereas 50% of manufacturing does, indicating that offshoring of services is small relative to outsourcing within national borders. 4. Despite this small size, the tradability of services is expected to grow, especially in business services (including IT and professional services) which make use of ICT. *The top two exporters of computer services are Ireland and India, but the top two exports of other business services are the US and the UK. Unlike in manufacturing, the US and the UK maintain a trade surplus in business services. *In part because of such trade surplus, job losses embodied in offshoring is quite small, at 2.4% of total employment in the US in 2003. *For emerging markets, the Indian model of promoting export-platform FDI in software and business services provides one, but not the only, template for promoting them as offshore locations. 3. Corporate Strategies: Growth in outsourcing and offshoring of business services depends on the nature of corporate strategy and business models. Corporate strategies to outsource business services became established only in the late 1990s, driven primarily by the ICT revolution and the Anglo-American shareholder value business model, in which CEO/CFO takes a lead to reduce costs and improve return on assets. Asset sales are therefore just as important as relocating to low-cost areas. *The current phase of outsourcing and offshoring is marked by two distinct types of outsourcing: first, the unbundling and re-centralisation of corporate functions, and second, vertical dis-integration of inputs. The former affects all sectors of the economy, including manufacturing and the public sector. *These two distinct types of outsourcing offer emerging market suppliers different opportunities to upgrade their capabilities and to create higher value added. In particular, these suppliers that entered markets via the provision of low value added standardized services may move up the supply chain (e.g. in software) or deepen their functional knowledge in business services. 4. Jobs and Professions: The movement of service jobs from developed economies to low cost emerging market locations is being accompanied by significant repackaging of tasks, skills, and knowledge into a job, occupation, or profession. This is leading to changes in occupational and professional identity, and is creating new challenges for governments formulating their policies for education and training, and for professional associations thinking about the upgrading of capabilities.
Book Synopsis Offshoring (or Offshore Outsourcing) and Job Loss Among U. S. Workers by : Linda Levine
Download or read book Offshoring (or Offshore Outsourcing) and Job Loss Among U. S. Workers written by Linda Levine and published by . This book was released on 2012-10-06 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Macro Economic Issues of Offshore Outsourcing by : Manuel Knaus
Download or read book Macro Economic Issues of Offshore Outsourcing written by Manuel Knaus and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-07 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Computer Science - Commercial Information Technology, grade: 2 (B), University of Mannheim (Information Systems), course: Industrialization of Software Development, 27 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Topic of this paper are the macro economic issues of offshore outsourcing. First inland and offshore outsourcing are described, especially focused on IT outsourcing. Then reasons for IT offshore outsourcing are illustrated. Popular offshore markets are introduced and the advantages are shown. In the next chapter, problems and risks of offshore outsourcing are explained. Both the more general view and IT specific problems and risks are described. Here general problems as well as problems of IT outsourcing are mentioned. Then consequences of the offshoring trend are illustrated. Apart from consequences for IT branch, especially consequences for national economies of western countries, e.g. Germany, are viewed in detail. There can be short term and long term consequences. Future offshore outsourcing trends help to understand the effects. The development of unemployment caused by offshoring is one main focus. Furthermore offshoring trends in other white collar work besides IT are shortly described. At the end this the paper develops an idea about possible solutions for western countries. Potential reactions of the government and suggestions on how to create new jobs are presented in detail. The paper finally ends with a small conclusion.
Book Synopsis Offshoring Opportunities by : John Berry
Download or read book Offshoring Opportunities written by John Berry and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-11-08 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: offshoring opportunities is on target for today's marketplace "This book provides a much needed framework for offshoring that supports making sound business decisions in this area, and it can help guide the management of the resulting offshore relationship in an efficient and effective manner. John brings clarity and structure to this broad and complex subject." -Jim Maloney Chief Security Executive Corillian Corporation "An extremely well-written and researched book. Starts with a good background on the political and cultural implications of offshoring and proceeds to provide an invaluable guide to take the reader through the sourcing decision and how to make it." -Charly Paelinck Vice President of Application Development Harrah's Casino "We evaluate many different offshoring and site selection decisions each year for our clients, and I encourage every executive faced with these quandaries to consider the strategies discussed in this book. Offshoring Opportunities can be used as a practical review before investing millions, and it may just help you avoid several unintended consequences." -Jay Doherty Principal Mercer Human Resource Consulting
Book Synopsis The Factory-free Economy by : Lionel Fontagné
Download or read book The Factory-free Economy written by Lionel Fontagné and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic analysis of de-industrialization that considers the ongoing transformation of the industrial economies and the consequences for economic policy.
