Offshore Wind Turbine Nonlinear Wave Loads And Their Statistics

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Offshore Wind Turbine Nonlinear Wave Loads and Their Statistics

Author : Yu Zhang (Ph.D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshore Wind Turbine Nonlinear Wave Loads and Their Statistics by : Yu Zhang (Ph.D.)

Download or read book Offshore Wind Turbine Nonlinear Wave Loads and Their Statistics written by Yu Zhang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the large influence of lateral flexible vibrations on offshore wind turbine foundations and the higher natural frequencies of the offshore wind turbine foundation relative to the dominant frequencies of the linear wave load model, the modeling of the dynamic behavior of the foundation under nonlinear wave loads and analysis of their statistical characteristics have become an important issue for offshore wind turbine design. This thesis derives an approximate model of the nonlinear wave loads in the time domain by Fluid Impulse Theory, verifies it with a boundary element method software WAMIT and validates it with experimental measurements. The load level crossing rates and the load power spectral density is obtained in multiple sea states. The simulated nonlinear wave loads are applied as the forcing mechanism on the offshore wind turbine and its foundation, and the mudline bending moments are computed and compared with experimental measurements. The system identification is conducted by fitting the model with the experimental data using linear regression method. The analytical extreme and fatigue prediction of the offshore wind turbine system are derived and evaluated in waters of finite depth and in multiple seastates. Key words: Nonlinear wave loads, nonlinear wave loads statistics, system identification, extremes and fatigue

An Integrated Nonlinear Wind-Waves Model for Offshore Wind Turbines

Author : Enzo Marino
Publisher : Firenze University Press
ISBN 13 : 8866550515
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis An Integrated Nonlinear Wind-Waves Model for Offshore Wind Turbines by : Enzo Marino

Download or read book An Integrated Nonlinear Wind-Waves Model for Offshore Wind Turbines written by Enzo Marino and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a numerical model capable of simulating offshore wind turbines exposed to extreme loading conditions. External condition-based extreme responses are reproduced by coupling a fully nonlinear wave kinematic solver with a hydro-aero-elastic simulator. First, a two-dimensional fully nonlinear wave simulator is developed. The transient nonlinear free surface problem is formulated assuming the potential theory and a high-order boundary element method is implemented to discretize Laplace's equation. For temporal evolution a second-order Taylor series expansion is used. The code, after validation with experimental data, is successfully adopted to simulate overturning plunging breakers which give rise to dangerous impact loads when they break against wind turbine substructures. Emphasis is then placed on the random nature of the waves. Indeed, through a domain decomposition technique a global simulation framework embedding the numerical wave simulator into a more general stochastic environment is developed. The proposed model is meant as a contribution to meet the more and more pressing demand for research in the offshore wind energy sector as it permits taking into account dangerous effects on the structural response so as to increase the global structural safety level.

Structural Reliability of Offshore Wind Turbines

Author : Puneet Agarwal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (259 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Reliability of Offshore Wind Turbines by : Puneet Agarwal

Download or read book Structural Reliability of Offshore Wind Turbines written by Puneet Agarwal and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical extrapolation is required to predict extreme loads, associated with a target return period, for offshore wind turbines. In statistical extrapolation, "short-term" distributions of the load random variable(s) conditional on the environment are integrated with the joint probability distribution of environmental random variables (from wind, waves, current etc.) to obtain the so-called "long-term" distribution, from which long-term loads may be obtained for any return period. The accurate prediction of long-term extreme loads for offshore wind turbines, using efficient extrapolation procedures, is our main goal. While loads data, needed for extrapolation, are obtained by simulations in a design scenario, field data can be valuable for understanding the offshore environment and the resulting turbine response. We use limited field data from a 2MW turbine at the Blyth site in the United Kingdom, and study the influence of contrasting environmental (wind) regimes and associated waves at this site on long-term loads, derived using extrapolation. This study also highlights the need for efficient extrapolation procedures and for modeling nonlinear waves at sites with shallow water depths. An important first step in extrapolation is to establish robust short-term distributions of load extremes. Using data from simulations of a 5MW onshore turbine model, we compare empirical short-term load distributions when two alternative models for extremes--global and block maxima--are used. We develop a convergence criterion, based on controlling the uncertainty in rare load fractiles, which serves to assess whether or not an adequate number of simulations has been performed. To establish long-term loads for a 5MW offshore wind turbine, we employ an inverse reliability approach, which is shown to predict reasonably accurate long-term loads, compared to a more expensive direct integration approach. We show that blade pitching control actions can be a major source of response variability, due to which a large number of simulations may be required to obtain stable tails of short-term load distributions, and to predict accurate ultimate loads. We address model uncertainty as it pertains to wave models. We investigate the effect of using irregular nonlinear (second-order) waves, compared to irregular linear waves, on loads for an offshore wind turbine. We incorporate this nonlinear irregular wave model into a procedure for integrated wind-wave-response analysis of offshore wind turbines. We show that computed loads are generally somewhat larger with nonlinear waves and, hence, that modeling nonlinear waves is important is response simulations of offshore wind turbines and prediction of long-term loads.

Modeling Nonlinear Stochastic Ocean Loads as Diffusive Stochastic Differential Equations to Derive the Dynamic Responses of Offshore Wind Turbines

Download Modeling Nonlinear Stochastic Ocean Loads as Diffusive Stochastic Differential Equations to Derive the Dynamic Responses of Offshore Wind Turbines PDF Online Free

Author : David F. H. Larson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (964 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Nonlinear Stochastic Ocean Loads as Diffusive Stochastic Differential Equations to Derive the Dynamic Responses of Offshore Wind Turbines by : David F. H. Larson

Download or read book Modeling Nonlinear Stochastic Ocean Loads as Diffusive Stochastic Differential Equations to Derive the Dynamic Responses of Offshore Wind Turbines written by David F. H. Larson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A procedure is developed for modeling stochastic ocean wave and wind loads as diffusive stochastic differential equations (SDE) in a state space form to derive the response statistics of offshore structures, specifically wind turbines. Often, severe wind and wave systems are highly nonlinear and thus treatment as linear systems is not applicable, leading to computationally expensive Monte Carlo simulations. Using Stratonovich-form diffusive stochastic differential equations, both linear and nonlinear components of the wind thrust can be modeled as 2 state SDE. These processes can be superposed with both the linear and nonlinear (inertial and viscous) wave forces, also modeled as a multi-dimensional state space SDE. Furthermore, upon implementing the ESPRIT algorithm to fit the autocorrelation function of any real sea state spectrum, a simple 2-state space model can be derived to completely describe the wave forces. The resulting compound state-space SDE model forms the input to a multi-dimension state-space Fokker-Planck equation, governing the dynamical response of the wind turbine structure. Its solution yields response, fatigue and failure statistics-information critical to the design of any offshore structure. The resulting Fokker-Planck equation can be solved using existing numerical schemes.

Wave Loads on Offshore Wind Turbines

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Wave Loads on Offshore Wind Turbines by :

Download or read book Wave Loads on Offshore Wind Turbines written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean energy is one of the most important sources of alternative energy and offshore floating wind turbines are considered viable and economical means of harnessing ocean energy. The accurate prediction of nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear motion and tether tension is of crucial importance in the design of floating wind turbines. A new theoretical framework is presented for analyzing hydrodynamic forces on floating bodies which is potentially applicable in a wide range of problems in ocean engineering. The total fluid force acting on a floating body is obtained by the time rate of change of the impulse of the velocity potential flow around the body. This new model called Fluid Impulse Theory is used to address the nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear responses of floating wind turbine for various wave conditions in a highly efficient and robust manner in time domain. A three-dimensional time domain hydrodynamic wave-body interaction computational solver is developed in the frame work of a boundary element method based on the transient free-surface Green-function. By applying a numerical treatment that takes the free-surface boundary conditions linearized at the incident wave surface and takes the body boundary condition satisfied on the instantaneous underwater surface of the moving body, it simulates a potential flow in conjunction with the Fluid Impulse Theory for nonlinear wave-body interaction problems of large amplitude waves and motions in time domain. Several results are presented from the application of the Fluid Impulse Theory to the extreme and fatigue wave load model: the time domain analysis of nonlinear dynamic response of floating wind turbine for extreme wave events and the time domain analysis of nonlinear wave load for an irregular sea state followed by a power spectral density analysis.

A Nonlinear Wave Load Model for Extreme and Fatigue Responses of Offshore Floating Wind Turbines

Author : Sungho Lee (Ph. D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (815 download)

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Book Synopsis A Nonlinear Wave Load Model for Extreme and Fatigue Responses of Offshore Floating Wind Turbines by : Sungho Lee (Ph. D.)

Download or read book A Nonlinear Wave Load Model for Extreme and Fatigue Responses of Offshore Floating Wind Turbines written by Sungho Lee (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean energy is one of the most important sources of alternative energy and offshore floating wind turbines are considered viable and economical means of harnessing ocean energy. The accurate prediction of nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear motion and tether tension is of crucial importance in the design of floating wind turbines. A new theoretical framework is presented for analyzing hydrodynamic forces on floating bodies which is potentially applicable in a wide range of problems in ocean engineering. The total fluid force acting on a floating body is obtained by the time rate of change of the impulse of the velocity potential flow around the body. This new model called Fluid Impulse Theory is used to address the nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear responses of floating wind turbine for various wave conditions in a highly efficient and robust manner in time domain. A three-dimensional time domain hydrodynamic wave-body interaction computational solver is developed in the frame work of a boundary element method based on the transient free-surface Green-function. By applying a numerical treatment that takes the free-surface boundary conditions linearized at the incident wave surface and takes the body boundary condition satisfied on the instantaneous underwater surface of the moving body, it simulates a potential flow in conjunction with the Fluid Impulse Theory for nonlinear wave-body interaction problems of large-amplitude waves and motions in time domain. Several results are presented from the application of the Fluid Impulse Theory to the extreme and fatigue wave load model: the time domain analysis of nonlinear dynamic response of floating wind turbine for extreme wave events and the time domain analysis of nonlinear wave load for an irregular sea state followed by a power spectral density analysis.

Fatigue and Extreme Wave Loads on Bottom Fixed Offshore Wind Turbines

Author : Signe Schløer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788792896476
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (964 download)

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Book Synopsis Fatigue and Extreme Wave Loads on Bottom Fixed Offshore Wind Turbines by : Signe Schløer

Download or read book Fatigue and Extreme Wave Loads on Bottom Fixed Offshore Wind Turbines written by Signe Schløer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

DTU Wind Energy PhD.

Author : Signe Schløer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis DTU Wind Energy PhD. by : Signe Schløer

Download or read book DTU Wind Energy PhD. written by Signe Schløer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Impulse Wave-Load Model for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Induced by Nonlinear Wave Groups

Author : 呂柏穎
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Impulse Wave-Load Model for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Induced by Nonlinear Wave Groups by : 呂柏穎

Download or read book Development of Impulse Wave-Load Model for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations Induced by Nonlinear Wave Groups written by 呂柏穎 and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

MARE-WINT

Author : Wiesław Ostachowicz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319390953
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis MARE-WINT by : Wiesław Ostachowicz

Download or read book MARE-WINT written by Wiesław Ostachowicz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-30 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a holistic, interdisciplinary overview of offshore wind energy, and is a must-read for advanced researchers. Topics, from the design and analysis of future turbines, to the decommissioning of wind farms, are covered. The scope of the work ranges from analytical, numerical and experimental advancements in structural and fluid mechanics, to novel developments in risk, safety & reliability engineering for offshore wind.The core objective of the current work is to make offshore wind energy more competitive, by improving the reliability, and operations and maintenance (O&M) strategies of wind turbines. The research was carried out under the auspices of the EU-funded project, MARE-WINT. The project provided a unique opportunity for a group of researchers to work closely together, undergo multidisciplinary doctoral training, and conduct research in the area of offshore wind energy generation. Contributions from expert, external authors are also included, and the complete work seeks to bridge the gap between research and a rapidly-evolving industry.

Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Vibration Problems

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819959225
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Vibration Problems by :

Download or read book Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Vibration Problems written by and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Vibration Problems (ICoVP 2023) and covers vibration problems of engineering both in theoretical and applied fields. Various topics covered in this volume are Vibration in Oil and Gas, Structural Dynamics, Structural Health Monitoring, Rotor Dynamics, Measurement Diagnostics in Vibration, Computational methods in Vibration and Wave Mechanics, Dynamics of Coupled Systems, Dynamics of Micro and Macro Systems, Multi-body dynamics, Nonlinear dynamics Reliability of dynamic systems, Vibrations due to solid/liquid phase interaction, Vibrations of transport systems, Seismic Isolation, Soil dynamics, Geotechnical earthquake engineering Dynamics of concrete structures, Underwater shock waves (Tsunami), Vibration control, uncertainty quantification and reliability analysis of dynamic structures, Vibration problems associated with nuclear power reactors, Earthquake engineering, impact and wind loading and vibration in composite structures and fracture mechanics. This book will be useful for both professionals and researchers working on vibrations problems in multidisciplinary areas.

Breaking Wave Loads and Stress Analysis of Jacket Structures Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines

Author : Louise Claire Devaney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking Wave Loads and Stress Analysis of Jacket Structures Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines by : Louise Claire Devaney

Download or read book Breaking Wave Loads and Stress Analysis of Jacket Structures Supporting Offshore Wind Turbines written by Louise Claire Devaney and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terms of future power generation in UK and Germany, offshore wind is the next big player with 40GW and 32GW capacity planned for installation in both countries respectively by 2030. The latest Round 3 of sites owned by the Crown Estate explore deeper water depths of up to 78m in the Irish Sea. Foundations for offshore wind structures consume around 25% of the total project cost therefore the design of support structures is the subject of this thesis. The current state-of-the-art support structure options available for offshore wind turbines have been outlined in this thesis with an evaluation of the preliminary design of monopile and jacket solutions. This assessment resulted in further studies into the loading acting on a monopile foundation along with research into the fatigue design of multiplanar tubular joints for jacket structures. Mathematical modelling of linear and nonlinear waves combined with the Morison equation was completed to check the effects of breaking waves on a monopile foundation. Results indicated that measured forces were up to a factor of 2.5 times greater than calculated values, which suggests that loads could be under predicted if the effects of breaking are not considered. The theoretical maximum wave height before breaking was then linked to wind speed and a comparison of overturning moments from the two loads was made. Wave loads dominated at water depths of around 30m for lower wind speeds but this depth decreased to around 12m as wind speeds approached cut-out of 25m/s. For deeper water depths and larger capacity turbines, jackets are the preferred design solution. Joint design in FLS is the critical aspect of jacket design with castings often required to provide adequate capacity. A review of stress concentration factors (SCF) for tubular joints indicated that the coded approach, which uses SCF equations for uniplanar joints, could be missing the multiplanar effects. Finite element (FE) modelling of multiplanar tubular joints was completed using ANSYS Workbench to examine the effects of loading in out-of plane braces. Carry-over of stress from the loaded brace of the joint to unloaded neighbouring braces was observed which implies the importance of modelling joints as multiplanar geometries. A parameter study in ANSYS Workbench covering 1806 different geometrical configurations and loads was carried out with a regression of the data to give new sets of SCF equations for multiplanar tubular joints. SCFs from these equations were improved compared to Efthymiou but difficulties were encountered when superimposing the output (including Efthymiou). Further work on the superposition of individual load cases was therefore recommended for future work.

Stochastic Dynamics of Marine Structures

Author : Arvid Naess
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521881552
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Stochastic Dynamics of Marine Structures by : Arvid Naess

Download or read book Stochastic Dynamics of Marine Structures written by Arvid Naess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For students and professionals, this covers theory and methods for stochastic modelling and analysis of marine structures under environmental loads.

Sloshing

Author : Odd M. Faltinsen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781107646735
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (467 download)

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Book Synopsis Sloshing by : Odd M. Faltinsen

Download or read book Sloshing written by Odd M. Faltinsen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents sloshing with marine and land-based applications, with a focus on ship tanks. It also includes the nonlinear multimodal method developed by the authors and an introduction to computational fluid dynamics. Emphasis is also placed on rational and simplified methods, including several experimental results. Topics of special interest include antirolling tanks, linear sloshing, viscous wave loads, damping, and slamming. The book contains numerous illustrations, examples, and exercises.

Offshore Mechanics

Author : Madjid Karimirad
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119216621
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Offshore Mechanics by : Madjid Karimirad

Download or read book Offshore Mechanics written by Madjid Karimirad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-07 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers theoretical concepts in offshore mechanics with consideration to new applications, including offshore wind farms, ocean energy devices, aquaculture, floating bridges, and submerged tunnels This comprehensive book covers important aspects of the required analysis and design of offshore structures and systems and the fundamental background material for offshore engineering. Whereas most of the books currently available in the field use traditional oil, gas, and ship industry examples in order to explain the fundamentals in offshore mechanics, this book uses more recent applications, including recent fixed-bottom and floating offshore platforms, ocean energy structures and systems such as wind turbines, wave energy converters, tidal turbines and hybrid marine platforms. Offshore Mechanics covers traditional and more recent methodologies used in offshore structure modelling (including SPH and hydroelasticity models). It also examines numerical techniques, including computational fluid dynamics and finite element method. Additionally, the book features easy-to-understand exercises and examples. Provides a comprehensive treatment for the case of recent applications in offshore mechanics for researchers and engineers Presents the subject of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element methods (FEM) along with the high fidelity numerical analysis of recent applications in offshore mechanics Offers insight into the philosophy and power of numerical simulations and an understanding of the mathematical nature of the fluid and structural dynamics with focus on offshore mechanic applications Offshore Mechanics: Structural and Fluid Dynamics for Recent Applications is an important book for graduate and senior undergraduate students in offshore engineering and for offshore engineers and researchers in the offshore industry.

Comparison of methods for the computation of wave forcing

Author : Olga Glöckner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 366870614X
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (687 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of methods for the computation of wave forcing by : Olga Glöckner

Download or read book Comparison of methods for the computation of wave forcing written by Olga Glöckner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presentation slides from the year 2014 in the subject Engineering - Civil Engineering, grade: 1,0, University of Hannover, language: English, abstract: Unlike fossil fuels (e.g. oil, coal and natural gas), wind energy is a renewable energy resource. Since winds at sea are stronger and more consistent than onshore winds, the demand for offshore wind turbines has increased over the last years. As energy can be produced more efficient in deeper water, several floating offshore wind turbine constructions, such as the OC3 Hywind spar-buoy, have been proposed. The design of floating wind turbines depends on the simulation of the system behavior caused by exciting forces. This thesis deals with the comparison between different methods for calculating wave forces and resulting platform motions of a floating offshore wind turbine. On the one hand, wave exciting loads computed with Morison’s equation are compared to the hydrodynamic forces simulated by the open source code FAST on the basis of the diffraction theory. On the other hand, response motions of the floating structure are simulated by the commercial offshore software SESAM in the frequency domain and compared with the motions calculated by FAST in the time domain.

Assessment and Nonlinear Modeling of Wave, Tidal and Wind Energy Converters and Turbines

Author : Madjid Karimirad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783039369126
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (691 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment and Nonlinear Modeling of Wave, Tidal and Wind Energy Converters and Turbines by : Madjid Karimirad

Download or read book Assessment and Nonlinear Modeling of Wave, Tidal and Wind Energy Converters and Turbines written by Madjid Karimirad and published by . This book was released on 2020-09-04 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Special Issue "Assessment and Nonlinear Modeling of Wave, Tidal, and Wind Energy Converters and Turbines" contributes original research to stimulate the continuing progress of the offshore renewable energy (ORE) field, with a focus on state-of-the-art numerical approaches developed for the design and analysis of ORE devices. Particularly, this collection provides new methodologies, analytical/numerical tools, and theoretical methods that deal with engineering problems in the ORE field of wave, wind, and current structures. This Special Issue covers a wide range of multidisciplinary aspects, such as the 1) study of generalized interaction wake model systems with elm variation for offshore wind farms; 2) a flower pollination method based on global maximum power point tracking strategy for point-absorbing type wave energy converters; 3) performance optimization of a Kirsten-Boeing turbine using a metamodel based on neural networks coupled with CFD; 4) proposal of a novel semi-submersible floating wind turbine platform composed of inclined columns and multi-segmented mooring lines; 5) reduction of tower fatigue through blade back twist and active pitch-to-stall control strategy for a semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine; 6) assessment of primary energy conversion of a closed-circuit OWC wave energy converter; 7) development and validation of a wave-to-wire model for two types of OWC wave energy converters; 8) assessment of a hydrokinetic energy converter based on vortex-induced angular oscillations of a cylinder; 9) application of wave-turbulence decomposition methods on a tidal energy site assessment; 10) parametric study for an oscillating water column wave energy conversion system installed on a breakwater; 11) optimal dimensions of a semisubmersible floating platform for a 10 MW wind turbine; 12) fatigue life assessment for power cables floating in offshore wind turbines.