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Occupational Choice And Matching In The Labor Market
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Book Synopsis Occupational Choice and Matching in the Labor Market by : Aloysius Siow
Download or read book Occupational Choice and Matching in the Labor Market written by Aloysius Siow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating Roy with Becker, this paper studies occupational choice and matching in the labor market. Our model generates occupation earnings distributions which are right skewed, have firm fixed effects, and large changes in aggregate earnings inequality without significant changes in within firm inequality. The estimated model fits the earnings distribution both across and within firms in Brazil in 1999. It shows that the recent decrease in aggregate Brazilian earnings inequality is largely due to the increase in her educational attainment over the same years. A simulation of skilled biased technical change in the model also qualitatively fits the recent changes in earnings inequality in the United States.
Book Synopsis Occupational Mobility and Occupational Matching by : René Fahr
Download or read book Occupational Mobility and Occupational Matching written by René Fahr and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Causal Effects of Early Career Sorting on Labor and Marriage Market Choices by : Itzik Fadlon
Download or read book Causal Effects of Early Career Sorting on Labor and Marriage Market Choices written by Itzik Fadlon and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study whether and how early labor market choices determine longer-run career versus family outcomes differentially for male and female professionals. We analyze the physician labor market by exploiting a randomized lottery that determines the sorting of Danish physicians into internships across local labor markets. Using administrative data spanning ten years after physicians' graduations, we find causal effects of early-career sorting on a range of life cycle outcomes that cascade from labor market choices, including human capital accumulation and occupational choice, to marriage market choices, including matching and fertility. The persistent effects are entirely concentrated among women, whereas men experience only temporary career disruptions. The evidence points to differential family-career tradeoffs and the mentorship employers provide as channels underlying this gender divergence. Our findings have implications for policies aimed at gender equality in outcomes, as they reveal how persistent gaps can arise even in institutionally gender-neutral settings with early-stage equality of opportunity.
Book Synopsis Looking Into the Black Box by : Barbara Petrongolo
Download or read book Looking Into the Black Box written by Barbara Petrongolo and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy by : Susan L. Averett
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy written by Susan L. Averett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.
Book Synopsis International Historical Statistics by : Brian Mitchell
Download or read book International Historical Statistics written by Brian Mitchell and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-07-29 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Historical Statistics: Africa, Asia, Oceania is the latest edition of the most authoritative collection of statistics available. Fully updated to 1993, it provides key economic and social indicators for the last 250 years. The volume includes both hard to find historical data, and the latest figures available.
Book Synopsis Occupational Careers by : Walter L. Slocum
Download or read book Occupational Careers written by Walter L. Slocum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Slocum uses the concept of career as the central integrating idea for a wide range of information about contemporary work and occupations from current social science research, from historical sources, and from his own considerable personal experience and that of his students.This second edition incorporates much new data and many new approaches that provide insight or raise significant questions about the validity of conventional attitudes toward occupational careers. Greater emphasis is placed on the rapid changes that have taken place in recent years in attitudes toward work, on the continuing impact of scientific and technological developments on occupations and work organizations, on new trends in the demand for academic and professional personnel, and on the career-related problems of women and minority groups. In addition, Professor Slocum now presents a more fully developed overview of the major social and cultural factors and processes involved in occupational choice, preparation, and achievement. After introducing the notion of an occupational career as a sequence of increasingly responsible roles and discussing the changing contemporary meanings of work, the author proceeds to analyses of the impact of scientific and technological change on career planning, the occupational requirements of work organizations, occupational status levels, the labor force and employment trends, and recent trends and future prospects in major occupational categories. Chapters are devoted to detailed discussions of the characteristics of professional and scientific occupations, the relationship between education and occupation, special problems of intergenerational and individual occupational mobility, and the dynamics of educational and occupational aspirations and decisions. The final chapter is directed toward the problems of career choice and planning that are likely to confront the young adults for whom the book will be especially useful.The book is brief but com
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309440068 Total Pages :259 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skilled technical occupationsâ€"defined as occupations that require a high level of knowledge in a technical domain but do not require a bachelor's degree for entryâ€"are a key component of the U.S. economy. In response to globalization and advances in science and technology, American firms are demanding workers with greater proficiency in literacy and numeracy, as well as strong interpersonal, technical, and problem-solving skills. However, employer surveys and industry and government reports have raised concerns that the nation may not have an adequate supply of skilled technical workers to achieve its competitiveness and economic growth objectives. In response to the broader need for policy information and advice, Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce examines the coverage, effectiveness, flexibility, and coordination of the policies and various programs that prepare Americans for skilled technical jobs. This report provides action-oriented recommendations for improving the American system of technical education, training, and certification.
Book Synopsis Hours, Occupations, and Gender Differences in Labor Market Outcomes by : Andrés Erosa
Download or read book Hours, Occupations, and Gender Differences in Labor Market Outcomes written by Andrés Erosa and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We document a robust negative relationship between the log of mean annual hours in an occupation and the standard deviation of log annual hours within that occupation. We develop a unified model of occupational choice and labor supply that features heterogeneity across occupations in the return to working additional hours and show that it can match the key features of the data both qualitatively and quantitatively. We use the model to shed light on gender differences in labor market outcomes that arise because of gender asymmetries in home production responsibilities. Our model generates large gender gaps in hours of work, occupational choices, and wages. In particular, an exogenous difference in time devoted to home production of ten hours per week increases the observed gender wage gap by roughly eleven percentage points and decreases the share of females in high hours occupations by fourteen percentage points. The implied misallocation of talent across occupations has significant aggregate effects on productivity and welfare.
Book Synopsis Theories of Occupational Choice and Vocational Development by : Joseph S. Zaccaria
Download or read book Theories of Occupational Choice and Vocational Development written by Joseph S. Zaccaria and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Occupational Self-Selection in a Labor Market With Moral Hazard by : Berna Demiralp
Download or read book Occupational Self-Selection in a Labor Market With Moral Hazard written by Berna Demiralp and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a model of occupational choice in a labor market characterized by moral hazard. The model demonstrates that in such a labor market, workers' occupational choices are determined by not only their comparative advantage but also their effort decisions in each occupation. The estimation results, based on data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, suggest that workers' self-selection into white collar and blue collar occupations leads to higher wages and lower dismissal rates in both occupations. Furthermore, analysis results reveal that these effects of self-selection diminish as the labor market becomes increasingly characterized by moral hazard.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Power and Occupational Choice by : Felipe Balmaceda
Download or read book Labor Market Power and Occupational Choice written by Felipe Balmaceda and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper integrates labor market power and occupational choice, specifically the choice between paid employment and self-employment, to examine the mutual effects between the two. Neglecting the consideration of occupational choice leads to upwardly biased estimates regarding the influence of labor market power on wages, while simultaneously underestimating the returns to skills. Similarly, disregarding labor market power results in biased estimates favoring increased participation in paid employment and higher-income individuals engaging in self-employment. The model employed in this paper allows for the investigation of how labor market power and occupational choice impact wage inequality, skill mismatch, and skills acquisition. Furthermore, the study examines the potential of minimum wages, taxes, and subsidies to mitigate labor market power and its associated consequences.
Book Synopsis The Equilibrium Approach to Labor Markets by : Sherwin Rosen
Download or read book The Equilibrium Approach to Labor Markets written by Sherwin Rosen and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper exposits the modern theory of equalizing differences, viewed as optimal assignments of workers to jobs. The basic ideas are first illustrated in a simple model with binary choices of work attributes. Multinominal choices are briefly considered after that. Empirical implications are stressed, with special emphasis on elements of selectivity and stratification by tastes and technology. Applications are sketched for certain aspects of the economics of discrimination, human capital, the value of safety and the theory of implicit contracts. Issues raised by assignment stratification according to worker traits and productivities are discussed, and the principle sorting model by comparative advantageis outlined. The implied valuation system on personal traits and its relationship to factor-analytic models, as well as selectivity issues in educational and occupational choice illustrate this aspect of the theory.
Book Synopsis Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs by : OECD
Download or read book Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication gathers the papers presented at the “OECD-EU dialogue on mobility and international migration: matching economic migration with labour market needs” (Brussels, 24-25 February 2014), a conference jointly organised by the European Commission and the OECD.
Book Synopsis Using Labor Market Information in Career Exploration and Decision Making by :
Download or read book Using Labor Market Information in Career Exploration and Decision Making written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-study curriculum guide is intended to assist counselors and teachers in learning to use labor market and career information with clients more effectively. The following topics are covered: understanding career development and the use of career and labor market information in career counseling (changing ideas about career development, the role of theory, classification of theories as structural or developmental, and career development theories and career counseling); understanding the labor market (the basic model of the labor market and modifications of the concepts of supply and demand); exploring labor market information sources and systems (major state and federal sources, career information delivery systems, and nongovernmental sources); exploring labor market information resources and products (including discussions of 17 major resources); using labor market information in career counseling (occupational questions and resources and career counseling case studies); and developing a professional plan of action (professional, information, and community development). Appendixes include additional labor market information resources, guidelines for preparing and evaluating career information literature, designated vocational/career competency areas, introductions to the military services and the American labor movement, networking resources for establishing lines of communication, a glossary, and lists of acronyms and additional resources. (MN)
Book Synopsis Ability Matching and Occupational Choice by : Jonathan James
Download or read book Ability Matching and Occupational Choice written by Jonathan James and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops and estimates an individual model of occupational choice and learning that allows for correlated learning across occupation-specific abilities. As an individual learns about their occupation-specific ability in one occupation, this experience will be broadly informative about their abilities in all occupations. Workers continually process their entire history of information, which they use to determine when to change careers, as well as which new career to go to. Endogenizing information in this manner has been computationally prohibitive in the past. I estimate the model in an innovative way using the Expectation and Maximization (EM) algorithm. The model is estimated on the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. The estimates suggest that both direct and indirect learning play an important role in early career wage growth, with those with the lowest levels of education achieving the largest increases.
Book Synopsis Monopsony in Motion by : Alan Manning
Download or read book Monopsony in Motion written by Alan Manning and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens if an employer cuts wages by one cent? Much of labor economics is built on the assumption that all the workers will quit immediately. Here, Alan Manning mounts a systematic challenge to the standard model of perfect competition. Monopsony in Motion stands apart by analyzing labor markets from the real-world perspective that employers have significant market (or monopsony) power over their workers. Arguing that this power derives from frictions in the labor market that make it time-consuming and costly for workers to change jobs, Manning re-examines much of labor economics based on this alternative and equally plausible assumption. The book addresses the theoretical implications of monopsony and presents a wealth of empirical evidence. Our understanding of the distribution of wages, unemployment, and human capital can all be improved by recognizing that employers have some monopsony power over their workers. Also considered are policy issues including the minimum wage, equal pay legislation, and caps on working hours. In a monopsonistic labor market, concludes Manning, the "free" market can no longer be sustained as an ideal and labor economists need to be more open-minded in their evaluation of labor market policies. Monopsony in Motion will represent for some a new fundamental text in the advanced study of labor economics, and for others, an invaluable alternative perspective that henceforth must be taken into account in any serious consideration of the subject.
