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Observing Systems Simulation Experiments
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Book Synopsis Observing Systems Simulation Experiments by : Alan E. Lipton
Download or read book Observing Systems Simulation Experiments written by Alan E. Lipton and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report deals with a particular class of simulation experiments - those designed to evaluate the use of data from a given observing system in numerical weather analysis and forecasting. Simulation of data is an attractive option when evaluating a proposed observing system for which no real data are yet available, or when the experiment requires reference to atmospheric observations that can be considered perfect. This report provides an overview of the use of observing systems simulation experiments (OSSEs) in meteorology. We discuss the reasons that OSSEs have been employed. The history of OSSE applications is summarized, the apparent limitations of the method are listed, and future prospects of OSSEs are discussed.
Book Synopsis Observing Systems Simulation Experiments by : Alan E. Lipton
Download or read book Observing Systems Simulation Experiments written by Alan E. Lipton and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report deals with a particular class of simulation experiments - those designed to evaluate the use of data from a given observing system in numerical weather analysis and forecasting. Simulation of data is an attractive option when evaluating a proposed observing system for which no real data are yet available, or when the experiment requires reference to atmospheric observations that can be considered perfect. This report provides an overview of the use of observing systems simulation experiments (OSSEs) in meteorology. We discuss the reasons that OSSEs have been employed. The history of OSSE applications is summarized, the apparent limitations of the method are listed, and future prospects of OSSEs are discussed.
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments at National Centers for Environmental Prediction by : Michiko Masutani
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments at National Centers for Environmental Prediction written by Michiko Masutani and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Building and maintaining observing systems with new instruments is extremely costly, particularly when satellites are involved. Any objective method that can evaluate improvement in forecast skill due to the selection of instruments and instrument configurations has been sought after. For future instruments, the forecast skill evaluation needs to be performed using simulation experiments. These experiments are known as Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs). Although an OSSE itself is a very expensive project, the cost of OSSEs is a small fraction of the cost of actual observing systems when satellites are involved. Besides, by using OSSEs current operational data assimilation systems can be prepared to handle new data and the operational use of data from future instruments and observing systems can be accelerated. Through the NPOESS OSSE project, future observing systems will be designed to optimize the use of data assimilation systems (DA) and forecast systems to improve weather forecasts for the maximum societal and economic impact (Arnold and Dey 1986, Lord et al 1997, Atlas 1997). Data assessments using simulation experiments will allow the quantitative evaluation of future observing systems and instruments"--Introduction.
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) for the Mid-Columbia Basin by :
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) for the Mid-Columbia Basin written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this multi-phased research project known as WindSENSE is to develop an observation system deployment strategy that would improve wind power generation forecasts. The objective of the deployment strategy is to produce the maximum benefit for 1- to 6-hour ahead forecasts of wind speed at hub-height (≈80 m). In this phase of the project the focus is on the Mid-Columbia Basin region, which encompasses the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) wind generation area (Figure 1) that includes the Klondike, Stateline, and Hopkins Ridge wind plants. There are two tasks in the current project effort designed to validate the Ensemble Sensitivity Analysis (ESA) observational system deployment approach in order to move closer to the overall goal: (1) Perform an Observing System Experiment (OSE) using a data denial approach. The results of this task are presented in a separate report. (2) Conduct a set of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) for the Mid-Colombia basin region. This report presents the results of the OSSE task. The specific objective is to test strategies for future deployment of observing systems in order to suggest the best and most efficient ways to improve wind forecasting at BPA wind farm locations. OSSEs have been used for many years in meteorology to evaluate the potential impact of proposed observing systems, determine tradeoffs in instrument design, and study the most effective data assimilation methodologies to incorporate the new observations into numerical weather prediction (NWP) models (Atlas 1997; Lord 1997). For this project, a series of OSSEs will allow consideration of the impact of new observing systems of various types and in various locations.
Book Synopsis Observing Systems Simulation Experiments for the First GARP Global Experiment by :
Download or read book Observing Systems Simulation Experiments for the First GARP Global Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments by : Michiko Masutani
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments written by Michiko Masutani and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is recognized as one of the key areas of the globe, both in terms of its sensitivity to climate change, and by the increasing economic activity that is expected with the opening up of Arctic areas in a warming climate. In addition, Arctic weather can have important influences in winter cold outbreaks of air which can affect Northern Hemisphere countries as far south as the subtropics with serious economic implications. Therefore, a revised assessment of Arctic satellite and surface observation capabilities and requirements is warranted, especially given the Arctic surface and upper air network is sparse. Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are a powerful tool to assess added value of planned or hypothetical observing systems for weather analysis and prediction. This white paper reviews the current state of OSSE science with respect to the Arctic, and provides lines of investigation for the future, with a focus on weather and air quality observations in the Arctic. Recommendations are based on perceived observation gaps in the Arctic, and the experience gained by the World Weather Research Programme- The Observing Systems Research and Predictability Experiments/Polar Prediction Project (WWRPTHORPEX/PPP) and the broader OSSE scientific community.
Book Synopsis Living on the Real World by : William H. Hooke
Download or read book Living on the Real World written by William H. Hooke and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As is often noted, 'everyone talks about the weather, but no one does anything about it.' Not Bill Hooke! His thoughtful analysis of actions that we need to take to reduce the impacts of extreme weather is a must-read for everyone with an interest in the weather and climate." --Franklin W. Nutter, president, Reinsurance Association of America.
Book Synopsis Preliminary Findings from the Geostationary Interferometer Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) by :
Download or read book Preliminary Findings from the Geostationary Interferometer Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) with Ensemble Kalman Filters for Massachusetts Coastal Waters by : Pengfei Xue (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) with Ensemble Kalman Filters for Massachusetts Coastal Waters written by Pengfei Xue (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) were performed to help design an optimal observing network for Massachusetts coastal waters. Nantucket Sound (Part 1) and Massachusetts Bay (Part 2) were selected as two pilot sites and experiments were carried out using Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) data assimilation method.
Book Synopsis Preliminary Findings from the Geostationary Interferometer Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) by :
Download or read book Preliminary Findings from the Geostationary Interferometer Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSE) written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments Using Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Various Configurations to Improve High-resolution Forecasts of Convection by : Vivek Shenoy
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments Using Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Various Configurations to Improve High-resolution Forecasts of Convection written by Vivek Shenoy and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments with Ensemble Kalman Filters in Nantucket Sound, Massachusetts by : Pengfei Xue
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments with Ensemble Kalman Filters in Nantucket Sound, Massachusetts written by Pengfei Xue and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were performed for Nantucket Sound, Massachusetts, as a pilot study for the design of optimal monitoring networks in the coastal ocean. Experiments were carried out using the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) for data assimilation with ensemble transform Kalman filter (EnTKF) and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for selecting the optimal monitoring sites. The singular evolutive interpolated Kalman filter (SEIK) was compared EnKF for the data assimilation efficiency. Running the unstructured grid Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) with perturbed initial fields of currents, water temperature, and salinity show that in this shallow coastal system, the velocity and surface elevation are able to restore themselves back to the true state over an inertial time scale after perturbation without data assimilation, while the water temperature and salinity are not. This suggests that in this vertically well mixed region with strong tidal influence, monitoring should be targeted at water properties rather than velocities. By placing measurement sites at an entrance or exit or a location with the maximum signal variange (EnTKF) or at extrema of the dominant EOF spatial modes (POD), we evaluated the capability of EnTKF and POD in designing the optimal monitoring site for the forecast model system in this region. The results suggest that understanding the multiscale dynamical nature of the system is essential in designing an optimal monitoring network since "optimal" sites suggested by an assimilation method may only represent a local-scale feature that has little influence ona region-wide system. Comparing EnKF and SEIK simulations shows that SEIK can significantly improve the data assimilation efficiency by reducing the ensemble number and increasing the convergence rate."
Book Synopsis Real-time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms by : Babin, Marcel
Download or read book Real-time Coastal Observing Systems for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms written by Babin, Marcel and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems can cause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact local and regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance. Real-time observations are essential for effective short-term operational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems are still being developed. This volume provides guidance for developing real-time and near real-time sensing systems for observing and predicting plankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters. The underlying theory is explained and current trends in research and monitoring are discussed.Topics covered include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmful algal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotely sensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition; theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemical sensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observing systems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictive modelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including data assimilation techniques; observational needs for the public and government; and future directions for research and operations.
Book Synopsis Observing System Simulation Experiments for Dissolved Oxygen in Massachusetts Bay by : Pengfei Xue (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Observing System Simulation Experiments for Dissolved Oxygen in Massachusetts Bay written by Pengfei Xue (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were performed in Massachusetts Bay for the design of optimal monitoring sites for dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements. Experiments were carried out using the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) for data assimilation with focus on initial and boundary perturbations. Running a well-validated water quality model with a perturbed initial field of DO but "true" boundary forcing conditions, the model is capable of restoring DO back to the true state without data assimilation over a recovery time scale of about a month. Since DO in Massachusetts Bay has a bay-wide correlation scale, placing a monitoring site of DO near the northern boundary or at a location that has maximum correlation to the entire domain can shorten the restoring time to a week. Running the model with perturbed boundary forcing without data assimilation, the results show that the errors propagate into Massachusetts Bay following the inflow from the northern boundary and spread southward to Cape Cod Bay over a time scale of about a month. Using a DO monitoring site located near the northern entrance, the data assimilation can efficiently control the error propagation and prevent the model field from deviating from the true state. The model shows that the inflow from the northern entrance, which is connected to the upstream Western Maine Coastal Current, plays an important role in controlling the DO variation in Massachusetts Bay, and the residence time of the bay controlled by this flow is about one month. Understanding the upstream boundary-control nature of this system is critical for optimal design of sampling strategies of water quality variables in this region.
Book Synopsis CIMSS Participation in the NOAA Laboratory Activity for Observing System Simulation Experiments by : Jun Li
Download or read book CIMSS Participation in the NOAA Laboratory Activity for Observing System Simulation Experiments written by Jun Li and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Report on Special Observing Systems for the First GARP Global Experiment, Geneva, February 1973 by : Global Atmospheric Research Programme
Download or read book Report on Special Observing Systems for the First GARP Global Experiment, Geneva, February 1973 written by Global Atmospheric Research Programme and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Earth Science and Applications from Space by : National Research Council
Download or read book Earth Science and Applications from Space written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-01 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and human-induced changes in Earth's interior, land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans affect all aspects of life. Understanding these changes requires a range of observations acquired from land-, sea-, air-, and space-based platforms. To assist NASA, NOAA, and USGS in developing these tools, the NRC was asked to carry out a "decadal strategy" survey of Earth science and applications from space that would develop the key scientific questions on which to focus Earth and environmental observations in the period 2005-2015 and beyond, and present a prioritized list of space programs, missions, and supporting activities to address these questions. This report presents a vision for the Earth science program; an analysis of the existing Earth Observing System and recommendations to help restore its capabilities; an assessment of and recommendations for new observations and missions for the next decade; an examination of and recommendations for effective application of those observations; and an analysis of how best to sustain that observation and applications system.
