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Observational Studies Of Interacting Galaxies And The Development Of The Wide Integral Field Infrared Spectrograph
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Book Synopsis Observational Studies of Interacting Galaxies and the Development of the Wide Integral Field Infrared Spectrograph by : Chueh-Yi Chou
Download or read book Observational Studies of Interacting Galaxies and the Development of the Wide Integral Field Infrared Spectrograph written by Chueh-Yi Chou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781792662034 Total Pages :26 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (62 download)
Book Synopsis Iras High Resolution Studies and Modeling of Closely Interacting Galaxies. Galaxy Collisions: Infrared Observations and Analysis of Numerical Models. by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Iras High Resolution Studies and Modeling of Closely Interacting Galaxies. Galaxy Collisions: Infrared Observations and Analysis of Numerical Models. written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-29 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Final Technical Report covering the period from 15 Aug. 1989 to 14 Aug. 1991 is presented. Areas of research included Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS) high resolution studies and modeling of closely interacting galaxies; galaxy collisions: infrared observations and analysis of numerical models; and UV spectroscopy of massive young stellar populations in interacting galaxies. Both observational studies and theoretical modelling of interacting galaxies are covered. As a consequence the report is divided into two parts, one on each aspect of the overall project. Lamb, Susan A. NASA-CR-194483, NAS 1.26:194483 NAG5-1241...
Book Synopsis Variation in the Initial Mass Function of Nearby Galaxies by : R Elliot Meyer
Download or read book Variation in the Initial Mass Function of Nearby Galaxies written by R Elliot Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies are a fundamental structural unit of the Universe, where the vast majority of stars form and reside. Investigating the underlying mechanisms that direct the formation of stellar populations is key to furthering our understanding of how galaxies evolve. One major ingredient of a stellar population is the initial mass function (IMF), which describes distribution of stellar masses that arise from a star forming event. This thesis presents two projects to further our knowledge of the IMF: an observational near-infrared study of the IMF in early type galaxies, and the development and commissioning of the Wide Integral Field Infrared Spectrograph (WIFIS). Recent measurements of the IMF, traditionally considered to be universal, in nearby massive early type galaxies have revealed an overabundance of low-mass stars. In this thesis, we detail a pilot study using integral field spectroscopy to characterize the IMF and other stellar population parameters of M85 and M87 by comparing a novel set of near-infrared gravity-sensitive absorption features to stellar population synthesis models. Adopting modern statistical analysis methods, we find that the IMF slopes are much steeper in the massive M87 than in M85, where the IMF is similar to the Milky Way. The IMF slopes are efficiently constrained by the near-infrared spectral features, opening a path for further studies into the IMF of nearby galaxies using these new diagnostics. WIFIS is an integral field spectrograph that delivers an unparalleled combination of field size and near-infrared spectral coverage. We present the development of WIFIS, from laboratory assembly to on-sky instrument performance. Furthermore, we detail the optomechanical design and development of two critical WIFIS subsystems, a Calibration Unit that enables flat fielding and wavelength calibration, and a Guider Camera, which provides guiding and target acquisition capabilities. Presently, WIFIS is operating successfully and is conducting an extragalactic survey to characterize the properties of nearby stellar populations. As part of this survey, we conduct a preliminary investigation into the IMFs of M85 and M87 using WIFIS and find evidence for a radially varying IMF, while confirming the capability of WIFIS to deliver scientifically rigorous spectroscopy.
Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by :
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-05 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Book Synopsis Galaxy Transformation Under Extreme Conditions by : Brian Clark Lemaux
Download or read book Galaxy Transformation Under Extreme Conditions written by Brian Clark Lemaux and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes research performed in the field of observational astrophysics as part of the Observations of Redshift Evolution in Large Scale Environment (ORELSE) survey. The general motivation of the research presented in this dissertation is to investigate the processes responsible for the evolution of galaxies in a wide range of physical conditions over cosmic time. Throughout this dissertation, galaxy populations will be considered in the very nearby universe (i.e., within one billion light years from Earth), the middle-aged universe (i.e., eight billion years ago), and in the very early universe (i.e., just one billion years after the beginning of the universe). In each chapter I present unique data from observations taken and analyzed specifically for the ORELSE survey. In the first part of this dissertation I describe the context, aims, and current state of the ORELSE survey. The studies presented in this dissertation span a large range of galaxy samples and investigate a variety of different astrophysical phenomena. As all of these studies fall under the context of galaxy evolution, these initial sections will set the framework for the variety of studies presented in this thesis. In the second part of this dissertation I present four studies undertaken to investigate various aspects of galaxy evolution. The first of these studies is an investigation of a large population of very distant galaxies detected in one of the ORELSE fields. The survey in this field represents the deepest survey of a particular kind of very distant galaxy population known as Lyman[alpha] Emitter (LAEs). The number of LAEs found in this survey far exceeded expectations for such galaxies and are shown to be in excess of every other survey of similar galaxies at similar distances. This result has important consequences for galaxy evolution studies, as it suggests that faint LAEs may be much more numerous than previously thought. This work also has important consequences for a process in the early universe known as reionization, which is the subject of much debate amongst astronomers. The second and third of these studies are investigations using near-infrared spectroscopy of X-ray bright and red galaxies that exhibit optical spectra with prominent emission features. These studies are the first systematic investigations of both galaxy populations in the middle-aged universe using near-infrared spectroscopy. In both studies I conclude the dominant mechanism giving rise to optical emission line features are processes associated with the presence of an Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) rather than normal star formation. This result has important consequences for galaxy evolutionary scenarios, as the two processes are typically difficult to separate observationally and are thought to be related. The final study in this presentation is a full investigation of the processes driving galaxy evolution in one of the ORELSE fields, the Cl1604 supercluster. In this study I present the wealth of astronomical observations available to the ORELSE survey on the member galaxies of this supercluster. Several transitional populations of galaxies are detected in the supercluster environment, and their properties are analyzed in the context of galaxy evolution. Processing of the galaxy population is found to be significant in both the densest environments in the supercluster and the lower-density regions. One of the major conclusions of this work relates to the efficiency of these transformative processes and the global environment in which a galaxy resides. I present evidence for a process termed "dynamical downsizing", in which efficient transforming of galaxies occurs earliest in structures of galaxies that are observed to be relaxed (i.e., virialized) in their dynamics.
Book Synopsis Galactic Bulges by : Eija Laurikainen
Download or read book Galactic Bulges written by Eija Laurikainen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-29 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of invited reviews on Galactic Bulges written by experts in the field. A central point of the book is that, while in the standard picture of galaxy formation a significant amount of the baryonic mass is expected to reside in classical bulges, the question what is the fraction of galaxies with no classical bulges in the local Universe has remained open. The most spectacular example of a galaxy with no significant classical bulge is the Milky Way. The reviews of this book attempt to clarify the role of the various types of bulges during the mass build-up of galaxies, based on morphology, kinematics and stellar populations and connecting their properties at low and high redshifts. The observed properties are compared with the predictions of the theoretical models, accounting for the many physical processes leading to the central mass concentration and their destruction in galaxies. This book serves as an entry point for PhD students and non-specialists and as a reference work for researchers in the field.
Book Synopsis The Development of Replicated Optical Integral Field Spectrographs and Their Application to the Study of Lyman-alpha Emission at Moderate Redshifts by : Taylor Steven Chonis
Download or read book The Development of Replicated Optical Integral Field Spectrographs and Their Application to the Study of Lyman-alpha Emission at Moderate Redshifts written by Taylor Steven Chonis and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the upcoming era of extremely large ground-based astronomical telescopes, the design of wide-field spectroscopic survey instrumentation has become increasingly complex due to the linear growth of instrument pupil size with telescope diameter for a constant spectral resolving power. The upcoming Visible Integral field Replicable Unit Spectrograph (VIRUS), a baseline array of 150 copies of a simple integral field spectrograph that will be fed by 33,600 optical fibers on the upgraded Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) at McDonald Observatory, represents one of the first uses of large-scale replication to break the relationship between instrument pupil size and telescope diameter. By dividing the telescope's field of view between a large number of smaller and more manageable instruments, the total information grasp of a traditional monolithic survey spectrograph can be achieved at a fraction of the cost and engineering complexity. To highlight the power of this method, VIRUS will execute the HET Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) and survey ~420 square degrees of sky to an emission line flux limit of ~1e-17 erg/s/cm^2 to detect ~1e6 Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) as probes of large-scale structure at redshifts of 1.9
Book Synopsis New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics by : National Research Council
Download or read book New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by discoveries, and enabled by leaps in technology and imagination, our understanding of the universe has changed dramatically during the course of the last few decades. The fields of astronomy and astrophysics are making new connections to physics, chemistry, biology, and computer science. Based on a broad and comprehensive survey of scientific opportunities, infrastructure, and organization in a national and international context, New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics outlines a plan for ground- and space- based astronomy and astrophysics for the decade of the 2010's. Realizing these scientific opportunities is contingent upon maintaining and strengthening the foundations of the research enterprise including technological development, theory, computation and data handling, laboratory experiments, and human resources. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics proposes enhancing innovative but moderate-cost programs in space and on the ground that will enable the community to respond rapidly and flexibly to new scientific discoveries. The book recommends beginning construction on survey telescopes in space and on the ground to investigate the nature of dark energy, as well as the next generation of large ground-based giant optical telescopes and a new class of space-based gravitational observatory to observe the merging of distant black holes and precisely test theories of gravity. New Worlds, New Horizons in Astronomy and Astrophysics recommends a balanced and executable program that will support research surrounding the most profound questions about the cosmos. The discoveries ahead will facilitate the search for habitable planets, shed light on dark energy and dark matter, and aid our understanding of the history of the universe and how the earliest stars and galaxies formed. The book is a useful resource for agencies supporting the field of astronomy and astrophysics, the Congressional committees with jurisdiction over those agencies, the scientific community, and the public.
Book Synopsis The Study of Galaxy Formation and the Development of MOSFIRE by : Kristin Rose Kulas
Download or read book The Study of Galaxy Formation and the Development of MOSFIRE written by Kristin Rose Kulas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The epoch of z~2-3 is a noticeably more active time in our universe for galaxies, with the global star-formation rate density at its peak. Galaxies during this era are experiencing many internal and external processes such as large-scale outflows from star formation or active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity, inflows from cool gas, and mergers, which can alter the properties (e.g., structure, metallicity, star-formation rate, velocity dispersion) and evolution of galaxies. This elevated level of activity makes z~2-3 objects ideal for examining galaxy formation. In the rest-frame optical many important diagnostic lines exist that allow one to study galaxy properties, including the Balmer series, [O III][lambda][lambda] and [N II][lambda]. For galaxies at z~2-3, however, these lines will become very faint and shift into the near- infrared wavelength regime. As a consequence of this, near-infrared spectroscopy on a large telescope plays an integral role in studying high-redshift galaxies. For my thesis I have used near-infrared spectroscopy, acquired at the Keck Observatory, to study in depth how gas supplies are regulated during the formation of galaxies. Simultaneously, I have also worked to bring to realization one of the most advanced near-IR spectrographs for the astronomical community through my instrumentation research on MOSFIRE, the Multi-Object Spectrometer For Infrared Exploration.
Book Synopsis Integral-field Spectroscopy of High-redshift Galaxies by : Nicole Paula Heidelies Nesvadba
Download or read book Integral-field Spectroscopy of High-redshift Galaxies written by Nicole Paula Heidelies Nesvadba and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synergy of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in Stripe 82 by : Marat Musin
Download or read book Synergy of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in Stripe 82 written by Marat Musin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I aim to study the evolution of galaxies over the last 6 Gyr by measuring the growth of the global stellar mass density (GSMD) since z = 0.8. My work combines the datasets from two very large surveys, namely, the optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82 and the infrared data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and constructs a unique catalog of galaxies that have their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) measured consistently from 0.3 to 5 [micro]m in seven bands. This catalog, the largest of its kind, contains 9 million galaxies in [approximately] 300 deg[superscript 2] , will have a wide range of applications beyond the scope of this thesis. Extending galaxy SED measurements to restframe near-IR has two significant advantages: (1) dust extinction can be better handled, and (2) emissions from low-mass stars, which are the major contributors to a galaxy's stellar mass, can be better measured. WISE was the only mission to date that provided all-sky IR data that are deep enough for galaxy evolution studies out to z [approximately] 1 (sampling restframe K-band). The only wide-field optical survey data that could match WISE depths are those from the SDSS Stripe 82 over [approximately] 300 deg [superscript 2] . The synergy of the two is therefore natural. The implementation, however, is of tremendous difficulty. This is mainly because of the vastly different spatial resolutions between SDSS and WISE. To overcome this problem, we take an approach that is often referred to as ʺmorphological template fittingʺ, i.e., using the high-resolution image to define the morphological template of the galaxy in question, and de-convolving its light profile in the low-resolution image accordingly. In this way, we obtain the SED measurements over the entire 0.3-5[micro]m range in the most self-consistent manner. Using this SED catalog as the basis, we derive photometric redshifts and stellar masses for all the 9 million galaxies that span z = 0-0.8. This provides us an unprecedented statistics when deriving galaxy stellar mass functions (MFs) and GSMD over multiple redshift bins. Some preliminary results are discussed. As a by-product of our morphological template fitting process, an interesting population of objects called ʺWISE Optical Dropoutsʺ (ʺWoDropsʺ for short) are discovered. These objects are significant detections in WISE data but are invisible in all the SDSS Stripe 82 data. Their nature remains a mystery up to this point. Among all possibilities, the only viable interpretation is that they are very high-mass galaxies with very high dust extinctions. To reveal their nature, future observations at larger facilities will be necessary.
Book Synopsis Observational Aspects of Interacting Galaxies by : A. P. Marston
Download or read book Observational Aspects of Interacting Galaxies written by A. P. Marston and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Galaxy Formation and Evolution by : Houjun Mo
Download or read book Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Houjun Mo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-20 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A coherent introduction for researchers in astronomy, particle physics, and cosmology on the formation and evolution of galaxies.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unveiling Galaxies by : Jean-René Roy
Download or read book Unveiling Galaxies written by Jean-René Roy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thought provoking study of the powerful impact of images in guiding astronomers' understanding of galaxies through time.
Book Synopsis The X-ray Background by : Xavier Barcons
Download or read book The X-ray Background written by Xavier Barcons and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-07-31 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of the current observational knowledge and understanding of the cosmic X-ray background.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Galaxy Formation and Evolution by : Andrea Cimatti
Download or read book Introduction to Galaxy Formation and Evolution written by Andrea Cimatti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive examination of nearly fourteen billion years of galaxy formation and evolution, from primordial gas to present-day galaxies.
