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Numerical Studies Of Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary Layer Flows Over Topography And Their Parameterization For Large Scale Numerical Model
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Book Synopsis Numerical Studies of Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary-layer Flows Over Topography and Their Parameterization for Large Scale Numerical Model by : Jingnan Zhou
Download or read book Numerical Studies of Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary-layer Flows Over Topography and Their Parameterization for Large Scale Numerical Model written by Jingnan Zhou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Numerical Studies of Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary-layer Flows Over Topography and Their Parameterization for Large Scale Numerical Model by :
Download or read book Numerical Studies of Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary-layer Flows Over Topography and Their Parameterization for Large Scale Numerical Model written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analyses of Turbulence in the Neutrally and Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary Layer by : Cedrick Ansorge
Download or read book Analyses of Turbulence in the Neutrally and Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary Layer written by Cedrick Ansorge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a study of strong stratification and turbulence collapse in the planetary boundary layer, opening a new avenue in this field. It is the first work to study all regimes of stratified turbulence in a unified simulation framework without a break in the paradigms for representation of turbulence. To date, advances in our understanding and the parameterization of turbulence in the stable boundary layer have been hampered by difficulties simulating the strongly stratified regime, and the analysis has primarily been based on field measurements. The content presented here changes that paradigm by demonstrating the ability of direct numerical simulation to address this problem, and by doing so to remove the uncertainty of turbulence models from the analysis. Employing a stably stratified Ekman layer as a simplified physical model of the stable boundary layer, the three stratification regimes observed in nature— weakly, intermediately and strongly stratified—are reproduced, and the data is subsequently used to answer key, long-standing questions. The main part of the book is organized in three sections, namely a comprehensive introduction, numerics, and physics. The thesis ends with a clear and concise conclusion that distills specific implications for the study of the stable boundary layer. This structure emphasizes the physical results, but at the same time gives relevance to the technical aspects of numerical schemes and post-processing tools. The selection of the relevant literature during the introduction, and its use along the work appropriately combines literature from two research communities: fluid dynamics, and boundary-layer meteorology.
Book Synopsis Stably Stratified Flows by : I. P. Castro
Download or read book Stably Stratified Flows written by I. P. Castro and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first papers of this conference addressed the long-standing issues of the nature of the upstream effects that occur in stratified flow over obstacles (P G Baines, CSIRO, Australia, A P Taylor, York University, Ontario, Canada; K W Ayotte, Boulder, Colorado, USA). Then followed a sessionon internal wave motions followed by a session on modelling the atmospheric boundary layer (J C King, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge; A Kay, Loughborogh University of Technology). There was a session on numerical modelling (O Matais, Instite de Mecanique de Grenoble, France; A S Smedman,Uppsala University). The various aspects of dispersion were discussed and the final papers in the conference described laboratory experiments on flow and dispersion around buildings in light wind conditions.
Book Synopsis Improved Parameterization of Stably Stratified Boundary Layer Turbulence in Atmospheric Models by :
Download or read book Improved Parameterization of Stably Stratified Boundary Layer Turbulence in Atmospheric Models written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the course of the project, our research has spanned over several areas encompassing theoretical, numerical and phenomenological aspects of stably stratified atmospheric boundary layers (SBLs). We have laid a solid foundation for studying stably stratified turbulence in the framework of a Quasi-Normal Scale Elimination theory (QNSE) developed by us. We consider the QNSE theory as a major breakthrough in this field. Being maximally proximate to the first principles, the theory penetrates very deeply into the physics of anisotropic turbulence and turbulence-wave interaction yet its calculations can be carried out analytically almost to the final results. We have performed initial analytical exploration of the new theory and implemented it in Reynolds-averaged, Navier-Stokes (RANS) models whose predictions agree well with data collected in BASE and SHEBA campaigns. In addition, we investigated non-local features of stable planetary boundary layers (PBLs) caused by semi-organized structures overlooked in traditional boundary-layer meteorology and in PBL schemes currently used in atmospheric models. Theoretical developments focused on basic length scales characterizing semi-organized structures and corresponding revision of classical similarity theory, PBL depth equations, and bulk resistance and heat/mass transfers laws.
Book Synopsis The Atmospheric Boundary Layer by : J. R. Garratt
Download or read book The Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by J. R. Garratt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-21 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a comprehensive and lucid account of the science of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). There is an emphasis on the application of the ABL to numerical modelling of the climate. The book comprises nine chapters, several appendices (data tables, information sources, physical constants) and an extensive reference list. Chapter 1 serves as an introduction, with chapters 2 and 3 dealing with the development of mean and turbulence equations, and the many scaling laws and theories that are the cornerstone of any serious ABL treatment. Modelling of the ABL is crucially dependent for its realism on the surface boundary conditions, and chapters 4 and 5 deal with aerodynamic and energy considerations, with attention to both dry and wet land surfaces and sea. The structure of the clear-sky, thermally stratified ABL is treated in chapter 6, including the convective and stable cases over homogeneous land, the marine ABL and the internal boundary layer at the coastline. Chapter 7 then extends the discussion to the cloudy ABL. This is seen as particularly relevant, since the extensive stratocumulus regions over the subtropical oceans and stratus regions over the Arctic are now identified as key players in the climate system. Finally, chapters 8 and 9 bring much of the book's material together in a discussion of appropriate ABL and surface parameterization schemes in general circulation models of the atmosphere that are being used for climate simulation.
Book Synopsis Stratified Flow Over Topography by : Nancy Soontiens
Download or read book Stratified Flow Over Topography written by Nancy Soontiens and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates several aspects of stratified flow over isolated topography in ocean, lake, and atmospheric settings. Three major sub-topics are addressed: steady, inviscid internal waves trapped over topography in a pycnocline stratification, topographically generated internal waves and their interaction with the viscous bottom boundary layer, and flow over large-scale crater topography in the atmosphere. The first topic examines the conditions that lead to very large internal waves trapped over topography in a fluid with a pycnocline stratification. This type of stratification is connected to ocean or lake settings. The steady-state Euler equations of motion are used to derive a single partial differential equation for the isopycnal displacement in supercritical flows under two conditions: a vertically varying background current under the Boussinesq approximation and a constant background current under non-Boussinesq conditions. A numerical method is developed to solve these equations for an efficient exploration of parameter space. Very large waves are found over depression topography when the background flow speed is close to a limiting value. Variations in the background current are examined, as well as comparisons between Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq results. The second topic aims to extend the above subject by considering unsteady, viscous flows. Once again, supercritical flow over topography in a pycnocline stratification generates internal waves. These internal waves interact with the viscous bottom boundary layer to produce bottom boundary instabilities. The three-dimensional aspects of these instabilities are studied under changes in viscosity. The boundary layer instabilities have important implications for sediment transport in the coastal oceans or lakes. Lastly, the final topic is motivated by the connection between dust streaks on the Martian surface and crater topography. Flow over a large 100-km diameter crater is examined with numerical simulations conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. Modifications to the stratification and topography are applied. It is found that a large hydraulic structure of amplitude comparable to the crater depth forms in many cases. This structure may have important implications for dust transport in the atmosphere. In addition, Martian atmospheric parameters are used to study the flow properties under Mars-like conditions.
Book Synopsis Boundary Layer Parameterization for a Global Spectral Model by : Larry Mahrt
Download or read book Boundary Layer Parameterization for a Global Spectral Model written by Larry Mahrt and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of the work has concentrated on interactions between the soil model and the model of the atmospheric boundary layer and the behavior of the boundary-layer package within the Air Force Global Spectral Model. Such studies have underscored the importance of the formulation of surface properties and transport within the underlying soil. Work during the contract period also focussed on elimination of several inadequacies of boundary-layer modelling. The inclusion of the statistical impact of subgrid variations of surface properties leads to a surface exchange coefficient which varies more smoothly with stability and does not decrease as rapidly with very stable conditions. Such modifications reduce the nocturnal cooling which is usually overestimated in boundary-layer models. Other improvements of the boundary-layer model in stable conditions have resulted from increasing the critical Richardson number in the boundary-layer depth formulation and adopting the Kondo formulation for the eddy diffusivity. The development of a formulation for boundary-layer cumulus has allowed inclusion of cloud-induced drying. Although this formulation leads to significant improvement of the boundary-layer predictions in cloudy situations, the general problem is far from solved. Keywords: Atmospheric boundary layer; Surface energy balance; Soil model; Stable layer parameterization; Surface fluxes. (jhd).
Book Synopsis The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars by : Robert M. Haberle
Download or read book The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars written by Robert M. Haberle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Book Synopsis Boundary Layer Flows by : Vallampati Ramachandra Prasad
Download or read book Boundary Layer Flows written by Vallampati Ramachandra Prasad and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts in the field, this book, "Boundary Layer Flows - Theory, Applications, and Numerical Methods" provides readers with the opportunity to explore its theoretical and experimental studies and their importance to the nonlinear theory of boundary layer flows, the theory of heat and mass transfer, and the dynamics of fluid. With the theory's importance for a wide variety of applications, applied mathematicians, scientists, and engineers - especially those in fluid dynamics - along with engineers of aeronautics, will undoubtedly welcome this authoritative, up-to-date book.
Book Synopsis Thermally-driven Mesoscale Flows and their Interaction with Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence by : Jon Ander Arrillaga Mitxelena
Download or read book Thermally-driven Mesoscale Flows and their Interaction with Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence written by Jon Ander Arrillaga Mitxelena and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-11 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents developments of novel techniques and applies them in order to understand the interactions between thermally driven mesoscale flows (sea and mountain breezes) and the turbulent exchange within the atmospheric boundary layer. These interactions are not accurately reproduced in the meteorological models currently employed for weather forecasting. Consequently, important variables such as air temperature and wind speed are misrepresented. Also, the concentrations of relevant greenhouse gases such as CO2 are considerably affected by these interactions. By applying a systematic algorithm based on objective criteria (presented here), the thesis explores complete observational databases spanning up to 10 years. Further, it presents statistically significant and robust results on the topic, which has only been studied in a handful of cases in the extant literature. Lastly, by applying the algorithm directly to the outputs of the meteorological model, the thesis helps readers understand the processes discussed and reveals the biases in such models.
Book Synopsis Turbulence and Dispersion in the Planetary Boundary Layer by : Francesco Tampieri
Download or read book Turbulence and Dispersion in the Planetary Boundary Layer written by Francesco Tampieri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-28 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the planetary boundary layer, particularly the turbulent exchanges of momentum, heat and passive scalars between the surface of the Earth and the atmosphere. It presents and discusses the observations and the theory of the turbulent boundary layer, both for homogeneous and more realistic heterogeneous surface conditions, as well as the dispersion of tracers. Lastly it addresses the main problems arising due to turbulence in weather, climate and atmospheric composition numerical models. Written for postgraduate and advanced undergraduate-level students and atmospheric researchers, it is also of interest to anyone wanting to understand the findings and obtain an update on problems that have yet to be solved.
Book Synopsis An Efficient Numerical Model of the Planetary Atmospheric Boundary Layer by : Tsann-Wang Yu
Download or read book An Efficient Numerical Model of the Planetary Atmospheric Boundary Layer written by Tsann-Wang Yu and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an efficient two-dimensional time-dependent one-layer boundary layer model designed specifically for use in general circulation models. Two fundamental problems associated with the boundary layer parameterization are examined using the one-dimensional version of the model. These are the effects of different PBL parameterization schemes and different flux profiles on the model wind and temperatures. This paper concludes that the effect of different PBL parameterization is very significant on temperature calculation but less important on the wind speed. In general, the use of linear flux profiles for the vertical divergence of momentum, heat and moisture is found to be satisfactory. We conclude this study by testing the validity of our two-dimensional model by comparing it with multi-level boundary layer model results. For this purpose, a numerical integration was done to simulate a stably stratified air flow passing from smooth to rough surfaces. (Author).
Book Synopsis Topographic Effects in Stratified Flows by : Peter G. Baines
Download or read book Topographic Effects in Stratified Flows written by Peter G. Baines and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering both theory and experiment, this text describes the behaviour of homogeneous and density-stratified fluids over and around topography. Its presentation is suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in fluid mechanics, as well as for practising scientists, engineers, and researchers. Using laboratory experiments and illustrations to further understanding, the author explores topics ranging from the classical hydraulics of single-layer flow to more complex situations involving stratified flows over two- and three-dimensional topography, including complex terrain. A particular focus is placed on applications to the atmosphere and ocean, including discussions of downslope windstorms, and of oceanic flow over continental shelves and slopes. This new edition has been restructured to make it more digestible, and updated to cover significant developments in areas such as exchange flows, gravity currents, waves in stratified fluids, stability, and applications to the atmosphere and ocean.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report INT written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Boundary Layers by : Alexander Baklanov
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layers written by Alexander Baklanov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-30 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents peer-reviewed papers from the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Atmospheric Boundary Layers held in April 2006. The papers are divided into thematic sessions: nature and theory of turbulent boundary layers; boundary-layer flows: modeling and applications to environmental security; nature, theory and modeling of boundary-layer flows; air flows within and above urban and other complex canopies: air-sea-ice interaction.
