Nuclear Export Of Viral Rnas

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Nuclear Export of Viral RNAs

Author : J. Hauber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642565972
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Export of Viral RNAs by : J. Hauber

Download or read book Nuclear Export of Viral RNAs written by J. Hauber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In eukaryotic cells, the nuclear genome and its transcriptional apparatus is separated from the site of protein synthesis by the nuclear envelope. Thus, a constant flow of proteins and nucleic acids has to cross the nuclear envelope in both directions. This transport in and out of the nucleus is mediated by nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and occurs in an energy and signal-dependent manner. Thus, nucleocytoplasmic translocation of macro molecules across the nuclear envelope appears to be a highly specific and regulated process. Viruses that replicate their genome in the cell nucleus are therefore forced to develop efficient ways to deal with the intracellulZlr host cell transport machinery. Historically, investigation of Polyomavirus replication allowed identification ofsequences that mediate nuclear import, which led subsequently to our detailed understanding of the cellular factors that are involved in nuclear import. Transport ofmacromolecules in the opposite direction, however, is less well understood. The investigation of retroviral gene expression in recent years pro vided the first insights into the cellular mechanisms that regulate nuclear export. In particular, the detailed dissection of the function of the human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-I) Rev trans-activator protein identified CRMI, as a hona fide nuclear export receptor. CRM I appears to be involved in the nucleocytoplasmic translocation of the vast majority of viral and cellular proteins that have subsequently been found to contain a Rev-type leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES).

RNA-protein Interactions

Author : Kiyoshi Nagai
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis RNA-protein Interactions by : Kiyoshi Nagai

Download or read book RNA-protein Interactions written by Kiyoshi Nagai and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of RNA-protein interactions is crucial to understanding the mechanisms and control of gene expression and protein synthesis. The realization that RNAs are often far more biologically active than was previously appreciated has stimulated a great deal of new research in this field. Uniquely, in this book, the world's leading researchers have collaborated to produce a comprehensive and current review of RNA-protein interactions for all scientists working in this area. Timely, comprehensive, and authoritative, this new Frontiers title will be invaluable for all researchers in molecular biology, biochemistry and structural biology.

Retroviral RNA Nuclear Export Elements Regulate Protein Function and Viral Assembly

Author : Chad Michael Swanson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (244 download)

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Book Synopsis Retroviral RNA Nuclear Export Elements Regulate Protein Function and Viral Assembly by : Chad Michael Swanson

Download or read book Retroviral RNA Nuclear Export Elements Regulate Protein Function and Viral Assembly written by Chad Michael Swanson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chromatin Regulation and Dynamics

Author : Anita Göndör
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128034025
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Chromatin Regulation and Dynamics by : Anita Göndör

Download or read book Chromatin Regulation and Dynamics written by Anita Göndör and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-10-25 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chromatin Regulation and Dynamics integrates knowledge on the dynamic regulation of primary chromatin fiber with the 3D nuclear architecture, then connects related processes to circadian regulation of cellular metabolic states, representing a paradigm of adaptation to environmental changes. The final chapters discuss the many ways chromatin dynamics can synergize to fundamentally contribute to the development of complex diseases. Chromatin dynamics, which is strategically positioned at the gene-environment interface, is at the core of disease development. As such, Chromatin Regulation and Dynamics, part of the Translational Epigenetics series, facilitates the flow of information between research areas such as chromatin regulation, developmental biology, and epidemiology by focusing on recent findings of the fast-moving field of chromatin regulation. Presents and discusses novel principles of chromatin regulation and dynamics with a cross-disciplinary perspective Promotes crosstalk between basic sciences and their applications in medicine Provides a framework for future studies on complex diseases by integrating various aspects of chromatin biology with cellular metabolic states, with an emphasis on the dynamic nature of chromatin and stochastic principles Integrates knowledge on the dynamic regulation of primary chromatin fiber with 3D nuclear architecture, then connects related processes to circadian regulation of cellular metabolic states, representing a paradigm of adaptation to environmental changes

Viral Interactions with the Nucleus

Author : Erin Joanne Walker
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889452476
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Interactions with the Nucleus by : Erin Joanne Walker

Download or read book Viral Interactions with the Nucleus written by Erin Joanne Walker and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-08-16 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viruses cause numerous medically important diseases, affecting developing, developed, rich and poor alike. The diseases vary in severity, including chickenpox, smallpox, influenza, shingles, herpes, rabies, polio, Ebola, hanta fever, AIDS and the common cold, amongst others. Regardless of the type of tissue or organ affected, all viruses follow the same basic steps to infect host cells. Once in contact with host cells viruses release their genetic material into the cell followed by genome replication, production of viral proteins, assembly of the virus particle and egress from the infected cell. Viruses disrupt normal host cell processes in order to facilitate their own replication/assembly by re-directing cellular machinery for viral transcription, translation, assembly, release and by inhibiting antiviral responses. Regulated nuclear transport of macromolecules through the nuclear pore complex, the only means of transport across the nuclear membrane, is essential for normal cell function and an effective antiviral response. Many viruses disrupt or exploit the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking pathways in host cells. Cytoplasmic viruses exploit the host cell nucleocytoplasmic trafficking machinery to access nuclear functions and/or disrupt nuclear transport, while several DNA viruses use the trafficking pathways to enable export of their components into the cytoplasm; yet others complete their assembly within the nucleus and use nuclear export pathways to access the cytoplasm. Indeed, the many and varied interactions of viruses and viral proteins with nucleocytoplasmic trafficking components have been invaluable in pathway discovery. Importantly, mounting evidence suggests that these interactions play essential roles in virus replication/assembly and hence may be key to understanding pathophysiology of viral diseases. This Frontiers Research Topic is dedicated to the importance of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking to viral pathogenesis.

Nuclear Export of RNA and Proteins

Author : Markus Bohnsack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Export of RNA and Proteins by : Markus Bohnsack

Download or read book Nuclear Export of RNA and Proteins written by Markus Bohnsack and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nucleocytoplasmic Transport

Author : Reiner Peters
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642715656
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Nucleocytoplasmic Transport by : Reiner Peters

Download or read book Nucleocytoplasmic Transport written by Reiner Peters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Molecular Biology of The Cell

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals

Author : Tzvi Tzfira
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387277471
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals by : Tzvi Tzfira

Download or read book Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals written by Tzvi Tzfira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-25 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Import and Export in Plants and Animals provides insight into the remarkable mechanisms of nuclear import and export. This book covers a range of topics from the nuclear pore structure, to nuclear import and export of macromolecules in plant and animal cells. In addition, the book covers the special cases of nuclear import of Agrobacterium T-DNA during plant genetic transformation, nuclear import and export of animal viruses, and nuclear intake of foreign DNA. A chapter on research methods to study nuclear transport concludes the book.

Human Herpesviruses

Author : Ann Arvin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139461648
Total Pages : 1325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Herpesviruses by : Ann Arvin

Download or read book Human Herpesviruses written by Ann Arvin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 1325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments.

Cell Polarity and Subcellular RNA Localization

Author : Dietmar Richter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540400257
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Cell Polarity and Subcellular RNA Localization by : Dietmar Richter

Download or read book Cell Polarity and Subcellular RNA Localization written by Dietmar Richter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-03 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selective cytoplasmic organelle and protein targeting has long been thought to constitute the sole determinant of cell polarity and complexity. This view has been changed, however, by the discovery of differential subcellular RNA distribution patterns. Over the past decade it has become clear that selective mRNA sorting and translation contributes to an accumulation of cognate proteins at discrete cellular sites. In this book, various systems are discussed (e.g. Xenopus oocytes, mammalian brain, invertebrate nervous system) in terms of RNA trafficking, RNA-targeting sequences (cis-elements) and RNA-transporting proteins (trans-factors), activity-dependent translational regulation and the significance of the cytoskeleton for neuronal function and plasticity. It also discusses nucleocytoplasmic export of mRNA and viral RNA as another example of subcellular RNA kinesis.

Nuclear Pore Complexes and Nucleocytoplasmic Transport - Methods

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124171788
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Pore Complexes and Nucleocytoplasmic Transport - Methods by :

Download or read book Nuclear Pore Complexes and Nucleocytoplasmic Transport - Methods written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-20 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 122 of Methods in Cell Biology describes modern tools and techniques used to study nuclear pore complexes and nucleocytoplasmic transport in diverse eukaryotic model systems (including mammalian cells, Xenopus, C. elegans, yeast). The volume enables investigators to analyze nuclear pore complex structure, assembly, and dynamics; to evaluate protein and RNA trafficking through the nuclear envelope; and to design in vivo or in vitro assays appropriate to their research needs. Beyond the study of nuclear pores and transport as such, these protocols will also be helpful to scientists characterizing gene regulation, signal transduction, cell cycle, viral infections, or aging. The NPC being one of the largest multiprotein complexes in the cell, some protocols will also be of interest for people currently characterizing other macromolecular assemblies. This book is thus designed for laboratory use by graduate students, technicians, and researchers in many molecular and cellular disciplines. Describes modern tools and techniques used to study nuclear pore complexes and nucleocytoplasmic transport in diverse eukaryotic model systems (mammalian cells, Xenopus, C. elegans, yeast) Chapters are written by experts in the field Cutting-edge material

Viral Interactions with Host RNA Decay Pathways

Author : J. Robert Hogg
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038425028
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Viral Interactions with Host RNA Decay Pathways by : J. Robert Hogg

Download or read book Viral Interactions with Host RNA Decay Pathways written by J. Robert Hogg and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Viral Interactions with Host RNA Decay Pathways" that was published in Viruses

Nuclear HIV-1 Gag Specifically Associates with Unspliced Viral RNA During Transcription

Author : Kevin Tuffy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (971 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear HIV-1 Gag Specifically Associates with Unspliced Viral RNA During Transcription by : Kevin Tuffy

Download or read book Nuclear HIV-1 Gag Specifically Associates with Unspliced Viral RNA During Transcription written by Kevin Tuffy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability for the retroviral Gag protein of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) to transiently traffic through the nucleus is well established and has been implicated in efficient genome packaging. Although Gag proteins of several other retroviruses (PFV, FIV, MPMV, MMTV, MLV, and HIV-1) have also been observed in the nucleus, little is known about the functional role their nuclear trafficking plays in viral replication. In addition to its localization in the nucleus, human immunodeficiency virus type1 (HIV-1) Gag was recently reported to associate with the HIV-1 regulatory protein Rev, which facilitates the nuclear export of the genomic viral RNA (vRNA), in nucleoli. Together with the knowledge that RSV Gag associates with its vRNA in the nucleus, it is possible that the HIV-1 Gag/Rev interaction may be mediated through the vRNA. Therefore, we investigated whether HIV-1 Gag, similarly to RSV Gag, associated with its vRNA in the nucleus. Through the use of a cell line expressing a stably integrated inducible HIV-1 provirus, we visualized HIV-1 Gag and unspliced (US) vRNA foci in the nucleus. Two-dimensional co-localization analysis and three-dimensional surface renderings revealed that nuclear HIV-1 Gag specifically co-localized with US vRNA. Interestingly, treatment of the cells with transcription inhibitors reduced the number of HIV-1 Gag and US vRNA nuclear foci observed, yet increased their co-localization. Conversely, when cells were treated with an inhibitor blocking the nuclear export of US vRNA, an increase in the number of HIV-1 Gag and US vRNA nuclear foci was observed but there was no significant change in co-localization. Together the data presented here suggest that HIV-1 Gag associates with its US vRNA during or shortly after transcription.

Transport Receptors Mediating the Nuclear Export of Intronless Messages

Author : Ileana Popa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Transport Receptors Mediating the Nuclear Export of Intronless Messages by : Ileana Popa

Download or read book Transport Receptors Mediating the Nuclear Export of Intronless Messages written by Ileana Popa and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Eukaryotic Ribosome

Author : Heinz Bielka
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3112729757
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (127 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eukaryotic Ribosome by : Heinz Bielka

Download or read book The Eukaryotic Ribosome written by Heinz Bielka and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 1982-12-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "The Eukaryotic Ribosome".

Biology of Negative Strand RNA Viruses: The Power of Reverse Genetics

Author : Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366206099X
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology of Negative Strand RNA Viruses: The Power of Reverse Genetics by : Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Download or read book Biology of Negative Strand RNA Viruses: The Power of Reverse Genetics written by Yoshihiro Kawaoka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Negative-strand RNA viruses, so named because of the polarity of their genomic RNA to mRNA, include important human and non-human pathogens. This volume covers major advances in reverse genetics techniques over the past decade, state-of-the-art basic science and the clinical implications of experimental findings. This should rekindle interest in negative-strand RNA viruses among readers, including those in other disciplines, leading to further progress in understanding these important viruses and in developing effective measures of control.