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Novel Phenomena Driven By Interactions And Symmetry Breaking In Graphene
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Book Synopsis Novel Phenomena Driven by Interactions and Symmetry Breaking in Graphene by : François Amet
Download or read book Novel Phenomena Driven by Interactions and Symmetry Breaking in Graphene written by François Amet and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electronic properties of graphene are well described by a non-interacting Dirac Hamiltonian with an internal symmetry associated with spin and valley, an additional degree of freedom due to the hexagonal crystal lattice of graphene. As a result, graphene exhibits a variety of peculiar phenomena such as an anomalous quantum Hall effect or the absence of backscattering. However, this model breaks down in extremely clean samples, as interactions between electrons and with the substrate become relevant. In this work, we discuss some of the properties of graphene and boron nitride heterostructures, in particular the patterns of broken symmetry phases one can observe in these devices. First, we observe modification in the electronic band structure of graphene due to its interactions with the substrate. The sub lattice symmetry of the Dirac Hamiltonian is broken, which opens an energy gap at charge neutrality, in addition to superlattice Dirac points due to the moire pattern that graphene forms on boron nitride. We then describe transport at high magnetic field, in the quantum Hall regime, where Coulomb interactions yield spin and valley quantum Hall ferromagnetic phases, with polarized one dimensional states propagating along the edges of the device. Using dual-gated device geometries, we can address the transport properties of these edge states and in particular how they equilibrate, depending on their polarization (or absence thereof). At even higher fields, new collective ground states emerge in the fractional quantum Hall regime. In extremely clean samples we observe a plethora of fractional quantum Hall states, described by the composite fermion theory, with unexpected patterns of stability and spin polarizations. Observing these electronic phenomena requires an outstanding device quality with carrier mobility exceeding one million cm2/Vs. We describe in this work the fabrication and characterization methods that allow us to control the quality of graphene/boron nitride, as well as novel device geometries allowing for high quality bipolar transport in graphene.
Book Synopsis Measurements of Interaction-Driven States in Monolayer and Bilayer Graphene by : Benjamin Ezekiel Feldman
Download or read book Measurements of Interaction-Driven States in Monolayer and Bilayer Graphene written by Benjamin Ezekiel Feldman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In materials systems with flat energy bands and limited disorder, interactions among electrons dominate and can dramatically alter physical behavior. Traditionally, two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) have offered excellent platforms to study these effects because the kinetic energy of the electrons is effectively quenched by a perpendicular magnetic field. The recent discovery of graphene, a two-dimensional form of carbon, has opened the door for further exploration into many-body phenomena. Graphene, unlike conventional 2DEGs, has fourfold degenerate electronic states due to its spin and valley degrees of freedom. This thesis describes several experiments that show how these underlying symmetries combine with electron-electron interactions to produce novel and tunable correlated electronic phases of matter.
Book Synopsis A Modern Approach to Critical Phenomena by : Igor Herbut
Download or read book A Modern Approach to Critical Phenomena written by Igor Herbut and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical phenomena is one of the most exciting areas of modern physics. This 2007 book provides a thorough but economic introduction into the principles and techniques of the theory of critical phenomena and the renormalization group, from the perspective of modern condensed matter physics. Assuming basic knowledge of quantum and statistical mechanics, the book discusses phase transitions in magnets, superfluids, superconductors, and gauge field theories. Particular attention is given to topics such as gauge field fluctuations in superconductors, the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, duality transformations, and quantum phase transitions - all of which are at the forefront of physics research. This book contains numerous problems of varying degrees of difficulty, with solutions. These problems provide readers with a wealth of material to test their understanding of the subject. It is ideal for graduate students and more experienced researchers in the fields of condensed matter physics, statistical physics, and many-body physics.
Book Synopsis Graphene-metal Interactions Beyond Van Der Waals Forces by : Haozhe Wang (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Graphene-metal Interactions Beyond Van Der Waals Forces written by Haozhe Wang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With extraordinary properties, graphene has been applied in various studies to explore new phenomena, new understandings, and new applications. With only one atomic layer thick and all its atoms are on the surface, graphene's properties could be altered by being brought into contact with any arbitrary surfaces, and similarly the close presence of graphene contact could change the properties of that surface as well. This thesis aims to provide insights into graphene-metal interactions by analyze novel phenomena and develop practical applications. First, we modified the graphene-copper interface to prevent the growths of thicker graphene islands in order to grow a uniform bilayer graphene (2LG), by introducing the concept of interface adhesive energy. To characterize the different types of 2LG better, we developed a machine-learning-assisted Raman analysis tool and confirmed that our FM-mode-grown 2LG is of quasi-AB-stacking. Taking advantage of the better mechanical properties of 2LG, a support-free, Marangoni-driven graphene transfer technique was developed. Next, we utilize the stability of Sn-graphene-Cu interfaces to develop an approach that allows for more reliable low-temperature bonding technology. The proposed bonding scheme inherently solves both high bonding temperature and interfacial diffusion issues. Specifically, the lowering of bonding temperature is achieved by introducing nano-cone features in the surface of the Cu side. A one-atomic-thick graphene interlayer on the Cu does not prevent the bonding between Cu and Sn, while preventing the atom diffusion to form the intermetallic compounds that are harmful for the reliability of the bonding. Finally, we examined graphene-metal interactions for the modification of optical properties in the graphene-aluminum and graphene-tin systems. The Sn nanodot arrays have a light-trapping effect on graphene, therefore, increases graphene absorption from 2% to 15% in spectral regime of [lambda] = 900-2000 nm. On the contrary, a counter-intuitive transmittance enhancement is observed in graphene-Al hetero-films. We find that the relative transmittance enhancement reaches up to 27% for 370nm incident light on an interface of graphene and 10nm-thick aluminum. These two examples reveal the fascinating aspect of how the interface between graphene and metal could bring about unexpected property alterations in either of the layer or the whole system together.
Book Synopsis Journal of the Physical Society of Japan by :
Download or read book Journal of the Physical Society of Japan written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Condensed Matter Field Theory by : Alexander Altland
Download or read book Condensed Matter Field Theory written by Alexander Altland and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-11 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This primer is aimed at elevating graduate students of condensed matter theory to a level where they can engage in independent research. Topics covered include second quantisation, path and functional field integration, mean-field theory and collective phenomena.
Book Synopsis Basic Physics of Functionalized Graphite by : Pablo D. Esquinazi
Download or read book Basic Physics of Functionalized Graphite written by Pablo D. Esquinazi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the basic physics of graphite and newly discovered phenomena in this material. The book contains the knowledge needed to understand novel properties of functionalized graphite demonstrating the occurrence of remarkable phenomena in disordered graphite and graphite-based heterostructures. It also discusses applications of thin graphitic samples in future electronics. Graphite consists of a stack of nearly decoupled two-dimensional graphene planes. Because of the low dimensionality and the presence of Dirac fermions, much of graphite physics resembles that of graphene. On the other hand, the multi-layered nature of the graphite structure together with structural and/or chemical disorder are responsible for phenomena that are not observed yet in graphene, such as ferromagnetic order and superconductivity. Each chapter was written by one or more experts in the field whose contributions were relevant in the (re)discovery of (un)known phenomena in graphite. The book is intended as reference for beginners and experts in the field, introducing them to many aspects of the new physics of graphite, with a fresh overview of recently found phenomena and the theoretical frames to understand them.
Book Synopsis Spin Physics in Semiconductors by : Mikhail I. Dyakonov
Download or read book Spin Physics in Semiconductors written by Mikhail I. Dyakonov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this collective book is to present a non-exhaustive survey of sp- related phenomena in semiconductors with a focus on recent research. In some sense it may be regarded as an updated version of theOpticalOrientation book, which was entirely devoted to spin physics in bulk semiconductors. During the 24 years that have elapsed, we have witnessed, on the one hand, an extraordinary development in the wonderful semiconductor physics in two dim- sions with the accompanying revolutionary applications. On the other hand, during the last maybe 15 years there was a strong revival in the interest in spin phen- ena, in particular in low-dimensional semiconductor structures. While in the 1970s and 1980s the entire world population of researchers in the ?eld never exceeded 20 persons, now it can be counted by the hundreds and the number of publications by the thousands. This explosive growth is stimulated, to a large extent, by the hopes that the electron and/or nuclear spins in a semiconductor will help to accomplish the dream of factorizing large numbers by quantum computing and eventually to develop a new spin-based electronics, or “spintronics”. Whether any of this will happen or not, still remains to be seen. Anyway, these ideas have resulted in a large body of interesting and exciting research, which is a good thing by itself. The ?eld of spin physics in semiconductors is extremely rich and interesting with many spectacular effects in optics and transport.
Book Synopsis Structural Chemistry by : Mihai V. Putz
Download or read book Structural Chemistry written by Mihai V. Putz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 825 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains key concepts in theoretical chemistry and explores practical applications in structural chemistry. For experimentalists, it highlights concepts that explain the underlying mechanisms of observed phenomena, and at the same time provides theoreticians with explanations of the principles and techniques that are important in property design. Themes covered include conceptual and applied wave functions and density functional theory (DFT) methods, electronegativity and hard and soft (Lewis) acid and base (HSAB) concepts, hybridization and aromaticity, molecular magnetism, spin transition and thermochromism. Offering insights into designing new properties in advanced functional materials, it is a valuable resource for undergraduates of physical chemistry, cluster chemistry and structure/reactivity courses as well as graduates and researchers in the fields of physical chemistry, chemical modeling and functional materials.
Book Synopsis 2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices by : Dongzhi Chi
Download or read book 2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices written by Dongzhi Chi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-10-19 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2D Semiconductor Materials and Devices reviews the basic science and state-of-art technology of 2D semiconductor materials and devices. Chapters discuss the basic structure and properties of 2D semiconductor materials, including both elemental (silicene, phosphorene) and compound semiconductors (transition metal dichalcogenide), the current growth and characterization methods of these 2D materials, state-of-the-art devices, and current and potential applications. Reviews a broad range of emerging 2D electronic materials beyond graphene, including silicene, phosphorene and compound semiconductors Provides an in-depth review of material properties, growth and characterization aspects—topics that could enable applications Features contributions from the leading experts in the field
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Cavity Dynamics by : Philippe Grelu
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Cavity Dynamics written by Philippe Grelu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By recirculating light in a nonlinear propagation medium, the nonlinear optical cavity allows for countless options of light transformation and manipulation. In passive media, optical bistability and frequency conversion are central figures. In active media, laser light can be generated with versatile underlying dynamics. Emphasizing on ultrafast dynamics, the vital arena for the information technology, the soliton is a common conceptual keyword, thriving into its modern developments with the closely related denominations of dissipative solitons and cavity solitons. Recent technological breakthroughs in optical cavities, from micro-resonators to ultra-long fiber cavities, have entitled the exploration of nonlinear optical dynamics over unprecedented spatial and temporal orders of magnitude. By gathering key contributions by renowned experts, this book aims at bridging the gap between recent research topics with a view to foster cross-fertilization between research areas and stimulating creative optical engineering design.
Book Synopsis The Quantum Nature Of Materials by : Antonio H Castro Neto
Download or read book The Quantum Nature Of Materials written by Antonio H Castro Neto and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This self-contained book takes the reader on a journey from the basic facts about atoms to topics at the forefront of current condensed matter research, giving students a broad view of materials science.The contents grew out of the lectures on solid state physics given to both theorists and experimentalists in the US who had little previous background in the area. The topics are of direct relevance for the interpretation of experimental data. Even if they may not be of chronological order, their universality is emphasized. The mathematics is simplified without sacrificing precision, providing an intuitive understanding of the phenomena discussed.The book is easily accessible to any mathematically inclined scientist or engineer with a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics.
Book Synopsis Topological Insulators and Topological Superconductors by : B. Andrei Bernevig
Download or read book Topological Insulators and Topological Superconductors written by B. Andrei Bernevig and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-07 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This graduate-level textbook is the first pedagogical synthesis of the field of topological insulators and superconductors, one of the most exciting areas of research in condensed matter physics. Presenting the latest developments, while providing all the calculations necessary for a self-contained and complete description of the discipline, it is ideal for graduate students and researchers preparing to work in this area, and it will be an essential reference both within and outside the classroom. The book begins with simple concepts such as Berry phases, Dirac fermions, Hall conductance and its link to topology, and the Hofstadter problem of lattice electrons in a magnetic field. It moves on to explain topological phases of matter such as Chern insulators, two- and three-dimensional topological insulators, and Majorana p-wave wires. Additionally, the book covers zero modes on vortices in topological superconductors, time-reversal topological superconductors, and topological responses/field theory and topological indices. The book also analyzes recent topics in condensed matter theory and concludes by surveying active subfields of research such as insulators with point-group symmetries and the stability of topological semimetals. Problems at the end of each chapter offer opportunities to test knowledge and engage with frontier research issues. Topological Insulators and Topological Superconductors will provide graduate students and researchers with the physical understanding and mathematical tools needed to embark on research in this rapidly evolving field.
Book Synopsis Nanoscience And Technology: A Collection Of Reviews From Nature Journals by : Peter Rodgers
Download or read book Nanoscience And Technology: A Collection Of Reviews From Nature Journals written by Peter Rodgers and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009-08-21 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains 35 review articles on nanoscience and nanotechnology that were first published in Nature Nanotechnology, Nature Materials and a number of other Nature journals. The articles are all written by leading authorities in their field and cover a wide range of areas in nanoscience and technology, from basic research (such as single-molecule devices and new materials) through to applications (in, for example, nanomedicine and data storage).
Book Synopsis Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields by : Greiner W. Hold
Download or read book Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields written by Greiner W. Hold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Advanced Study Institute on Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Fields was held at Lahnstein on the Rhine from 15-26 June, 1981. The school was devoted to the advances, theoretical and exper imental, in the physics of strong fields made during the past decade. The topic of the first week was almost exclusively quantum electrodynamics, with discussions of symmetry breaking in the ground state, of the physics of heavy ion collisions and of precision tests of perturbative quantum electrodynamics. This was followed in the second week by the presentation of a broad range of other areas where strong fields occur, reaching from nuclear physics over quantum chromodynamics to gravitation theory and astrophysics. We were fortunate to be able to call on a body of lecturers who not only have made considerable personal contributions to these advances but who are also noted for their lecturing skills. Their dedication for their subject was readily transmitted to the stu dents resulting in a very successful school. This enthusiasm is also reflected in their contributions to these Proceedings which, as I believe, will in time become a standard source of reference for future work on the physics of strong fields and will help to spread the benefits of the school to a larger audience than those who were able to attend. I regret that the Soviet colleagues Ya. B. Zeldovich and V. S. Popov were unable to participate.
Book Synopsis Condensed-Matter and Materials Physics by : National Research Council
Download or read book Condensed-Matter and Materials Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-01-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of transistors, the integrated circuit, liquid-crystal displays, and even DVD players can be traced back to fundamental research pioneered in the field of condensed-matter and materials physics (CMPP). The United States has been a leader in the field, but that status is now in jeopardy. Condensed-Matter and Materials Physics, part of the Physics 2010 decadal survey project, assesses the present state of the field in the United States, examines possible directions for the 21st century, offers a set of scientific challenges for American researchers to tackle, and makes recommendations for effective spending of federal funds. This book maintains that the field of CMPP is certain to be principle to both scientific and economic advances over the next decade and the lack of an achievable plan would leave the United States behind. This book's discussion of the intellectual and technological challenges of the coming decade centers around six grand challenges concerning energy demand, the physics of life, information technology, nanotechnology, complex phenomena, and behavior far from equilibrium. Policy makers, university administrators, industry research and development executives dependent upon developments in CMPP, and scientists working in the field will find this book of interest.
Book Synopsis Quantum Magnetism by : Ulrich Schollwöck
Download or read book Quantum Magnetism written by Ulrich Schollwöck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-05-14 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closing a gap in the literature, this volume is intended both as an introductory text at postgraduate level and as a modern, comprehensive reference for researchers in the field. Provides a full working description of the main fundamental tools in the theorists toolbox which have proven themselves on the field of quantum magnetism in recent years. Concludes by focusing on the most important cuurent materials form an experimental viewpoint, thus linking back to the initial theoretical concepts.
