Nonlinear models in assessment in the social sciences: estimation by stochastic approximation, a frequentist mcmc

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonlinear models in assessment in the social sciences: estimation by stochastic approximation, a frequentist mcmc by :

Download or read book Nonlinear models in assessment in the social sciences: estimation by stochastic approximation, a frequentist mcmc written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neste trabalho apresentamos algumas contrubuições ao estudo dos modelosde avaliação estatística usados nas ciências sociais. As contribuiçõesoriginais são: i) uma descrição unificada sobre como a teoria da mediçãoevoluiu nas diversas disciplinas científicas; ii) uma resenha abrangente sobreos métodos de estimação por máxima verossimilhança empregados namedição estatística; iii) uma formulação geral do métodos da máxima verossimilhança tendo em vista a aplicação em modelos não-lineares; e principalmente, iv) a apresentação do método da aproximação estocástica naestimação dos modelos estatísticos de avaliação e medição. Os modelos não-lineares ocorrem freqüentemente nas ciências sociais ondeé importante a modelagem de variáveis de resposta dicotômicas ou ordinais. Em particular, este trabalho trata dos modelos da teoria da respostaao item, dos modelos de regressão logística e dos modelos de componentesaleatórias em geral. A estimação destes modelos ainda é objeto de intensapesquisa. Não se pode afirmar que exista um método de estimaçãointeiramente confiável. Os métodos aproximados produzem estimativas comviés acentuado nas componentes de variância, enquanto os métodos de integração numérica e os métodos bayesianos podem apresentar problemas deconvergência em muitos casos. O método da aproximação estocástica se baseiana maximização da verossimilhança e emprega o algoritmo de Robbins-Monro para resolver a equação do escore. Como um método estocástico elegera um processo de Markov que se aproxima das estimativas desejadas eportanto pode ser considerado um MCMC (Monte Carlo Markov chain)freqüentista. Nas simulações realizadas o método apresentou um bom desempenho, produzindo estimativas com viés pequeno, precisão razoável eraros problemas de convergência.

A Survey of Statistical Network Models

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Publisher : Now Publishers Inc
ISBN 13 : 1601983204
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis A Survey of Statistical Network Models by : Anna Goldenberg

Download or read book A Survey of Statistical Network Models written by Anna Goldenberg and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Networks are ubiquitous in science and have become a focal point for discussion in everyday life. Formal statistical models for the analysis of network data have emerged as a major topic of interest in diverse areas of study, and most of these involve a form of graphical representation. Probability models on graphs date back to 1959. Along with empirical studies in social psychology and sociology from the 1960s, these early works generated an active network community and a substantial literature in the 1970s. This effort moved into the statistical literature in the late 1970s and 1980s, and the past decade has seen a burgeoning network literature in statistical physics and computer science. The growth of the World Wide Web and the emergence of online networking communities such as Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn, and a host of more specialized professional network communities has intensified interest in the study of networks and network data. Our goal in this review is to provide the reader with an entry point to this burgeoning literature. We begin with an overview of the historical development of statistical network modeling and then we introduce a number of examples that have been studied in the network literature. Our subsequent discussion focuses on a number of prominent static and dynamic network models and their interconnections. We emphasize formal model descriptions, and pay special attention to the interpretation of parameters and their estimation. We end with a description of some open problems and challenges for machine learning and statistics.

The Oxford Handbook of Computational and Mathematical Psychology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199957991
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Computational and Mathematical Psychology by : Jerome R. Busemeyer

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Computational and Mathematical Psychology written by Jerome R. Busemeyer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive and authoritative review of important developments in computational and mathematical psychology. With chapters written by leading scientists across a variety of subdisciplines, it examines the field's influence on related research areas such as cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, and neuroscience. The Handbook emphasizes examples and applications of the latest research, and will appeal to readers possessing various levels of modeling experience. The Oxford Handbook of Computational and mathematical Psychology covers the key developments in elementary cognitive mechanisms (signal detection, information processing, reinforcement learning), basic cognitive skills (perceptual judgment, categorization, episodic memory), higher-level cognition (Bayesian cognition, decision making, semantic memory, shape perception), modeling tools (Bayesian estimation and other new model comparison methods), and emerging new directions in computation and mathematical psychology (neurocognitive modeling, applications to clinical psychology, quantum cognition). The Handbook would make an ideal graduate-level textbook for courses in computational and mathematical psychology. Readers ranging from advanced undergraduates to experienced faculty members and researchers in virtually any area of psychology--including cognitive science and related social and behavioral sciences such as consumer behavior and communication--will find the text useful.

Longitudinal Models in the Behavioral and Related Sciences

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351559753
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Longitudinal Models in the Behavioral and Related Sciences by : Kees van Montfort

Download or read book Longitudinal Models in the Behavioral and Related Sciences written by Kees van Montfort and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews longitudinal models and analysis procedures for use in the behavioral and social sciences. Written by distinguished experts in the field, the book presents the most current approaches and theories, and the technical problems that may be encountered along the way. Readers will find new ideas about the use of longitudinal analysis in solving problems that arise due to the specific nature of the research design and the data available. Longitudinal Models in the Behavioral and Related Sciences opens with the latest theoretical developments. In particular, the book addresses situations that arise due to the categorical nature of the data, issues related to state space modeling, and potential problems that may arise from network analysis and/or growth-curve data. The focus of part two is on the application of longitudinal modeling in a variety of disciplines. The book features applications such as heterogeneity on the patterns of a firm’s profit, on house prices, and on delinquent behavior; non-linearity in growth in assessing cognitive aging; measurement error issues in longitudinal research; and distance association for the analysis of change. Part two clearly demonstrates the caution that should be taken when applying longitudinal modeling as well as in the interpretation of the results. This new volume is ideal for advanced students and researchers in psychology, sociology, education, economics, management, medicine, and neuroscience.

Statistical Rethinking

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315362619
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Rethinking by : Richard McElreath

Download or read book Statistical Rethinking written by Richard McElreath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-03 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Rethinking: A Bayesian Course with Examples in R and Stan builds readers’ knowledge of and confidence in statistical modeling. Reflecting the need for even minor programming in today’s model-based statistics, the book pushes readers to perform step-by-step calculations that are usually automated. This unique computational approach ensures that readers understand enough of the details to make reasonable choices and interpretations in their own modeling work. The text presents generalized linear multilevel models from a Bayesian perspective, relying on a simple logical interpretation of Bayesian probability and maximum entropy. It covers from the basics of regression to multilevel models. The author also discusses measurement error, missing data, and Gaussian process models for spatial and network autocorrelation. By using complete R code examples throughout, this book provides a practical foundation for performing statistical inference. Designed for both PhD students and seasoned professionals in the natural and social sciences, it prepares them for more advanced or specialized statistical modeling. Web Resource The book is accompanied by an R package (rethinking) that is available on the author’s website and GitHub. The two core functions (map and map2stan) of this package allow a variety of statistical models to be constructed from standard model formulas.

Markov Chain Monte Carlo

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 148229642X
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Markov Chain Monte Carlo by : Dani Gamerman

Download or read book Markov Chain Monte Carlo written by Dani Gamerman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-05-10 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there have been few theoretical contributions on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods in the past decade, current understanding and application of MCMC to the solution of inference problems has increased by leaps and bounds. Incorporating changes in theory and highlighting new applications, Markov Chain Monte Carlo: Stochastic Simul

Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420074086
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data by : Lang Wu

Download or read book Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data written by Lang Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although standard mixed effects models are useful in a range of studies, other approaches must often be used in correlation with them when studying complex or incomplete data. Mixed Effects Models for Complex Data discusses commonly used mixed effects models and presents appropriate approaches to address dropouts, missing data, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. For each class of mixed effects model, the author reviews the corresponding class of regression model for cross-sectional data. An overview of general models and methods, along with motivating examples After presenting real data examples and outlining general approaches to the analysis of longitudinal/clustered data and incomplete data, the book introduces linear mixed effects (LME) models, generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) models, and semiparametric and nonparametric mixed effects models. It also includes general approaches for the analysis of complex data with missing values, measurement errors, censoring, and outliers. Self-contained coverage of specific topics Subsequent chapters delve more deeply into missing data problems, covariate measurement errors, and censored responses in mixed effects models. Focusing on incomplete data, the book also covers survival and frailty models, joint models of survival and longitudinal data, robust methods for mixed effects models, marginal generalized estimating equation (GEE) models for longitudinal or clustered data, and Bayesian methods for mixed effects models. Background material In the appendix, the author provides background information, such as likelihood theory, the Gibbs sampler, rejection and importance sampling methods, numerical integration methods, optimization methods, bootstrap, and matrix algebra. Failure to properly address missing data, measurement errors, and other issues in statistical analyses can lead to severely biased or misleading results. This book explores the biases that arise when naïve methods are used and shows which approaches should be used to achieve accurate results in longitudinal data analysis.

Bayesian Estimation of DSGE Models

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691161089
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Estimation of DSGE Models by : Edward P. Herbst

Download or read book Bayesian Estimation of DSGE Models written by Edward P. Herbst and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models have become one of the workhorses of modern macroeconomics and are extensively used for academic research as well as forecasting and policy analysis at central banks. This book introduces readers to state-of-the-art computational techniques used in the Bayesian analysis of DSGE models. The book covers Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques for linearized DSGE models, novel sequential Monte Carlo methods that can be used for parameter inference, and the estimation of nonlinear DSGE models based on particle filter approximations of the likelihood function. The theoretical foundations of the algorithms are discussed in depth, and detailed empirical applications and numerical illustrations are provided. The book also gives invaluable advice on how to tailor these algorithms to specific applications and assess the accuracy and reliability of the computations. Bayesian Estimation of DSGE Models is essential reading for graduate students, academic researchers, and practitioners at policy institutions.

Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439840954
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition by : Andrew Gelman

Download or read book Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition written by Andrew Gelman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, this classic book is widely considered the leading text on Bayesian methods, lauded for its accessible, practical approach to analyzing data and solving research problems. Bayesian Data Analysis, Third Edition continues to take an applied approach to analysis using up-to-date Bayesian methods. The authors—all leaders in the statistics community—introduce basic concepts from a data-analytic perspective before presenting advanced methods. Throughout the text, numerous worked examples drawn from real applications and research emphasize the use of Bayesian inference in practice. New to the Third Edition Four new chapters on nonparametric modeling Coverage of weakly informative priors and boundary-avoiding priors Updated discussion of cross-validation and predictive information criteria Improved convergence monitoring and effective sample size calculations for iterative simulation Presentations of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, variational Bayes, and expectation propagation New and revised software code The book can be used in three different ways. For undergraduate students, it introduces Bayesian inference starting from first principles. For graduate students, the text presents effective current approaches to Bayesian modeling and computation in statistics and related fields. For researchers, it provides an assortment of Bayesian methods in applied statistics. Additional materials, including data sets used in the examples, solutions to selected exercises, and software instructions, are available on the book’s web page.

The Oxford Handbook of Political Networks

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190228210
Total Pages : 1011 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Political Networks by : Jennifer Nicoll Victor

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Political Networks written by Jennifer Nicoll Victor and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1011 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Politics is intuitively about relationships, but until recently the network perspective has not been a dominant part of the methodological paradigm that political scientists use to study politics. This volume is a foundational statement about networks in the study of politics.

Hierarchical Modeling and Inference in Ecology

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080559255
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Hierarchical Modeling and Inference in Ecology by : J. Andrew Royle

Download or read book Hierarchical Modeling and Inference in Ecology written by J. Andrew Royle and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-15 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to data collection, modeling and inference strategies for biological survey data using Bayesian and classical statistical methods. This book describes a general and flexible framework for modeling and inference in ecological systems based on hierarchical models, with a strict focus on the use of probability models and parametric inference. Hierarchical models represent a paradigm shift in the application of statistics to ecological inference problems because they combine explicit models of ecological system structure or dynamics with models of how ecological systems are observed. The principles of hierarchical modeling are developed and applied to problems in population, metapopulation, community, and metacommunity systems. The book provides the first synthetic treatment of many recent methodological advances in ecological modeling and unifies disparate methods and procedures. The authors apply principles of hierarchical modeling to ecological problems, including * occurrence or occupancy models for estimating species distribution * abundance models based on many sampling protocols, including distance sampling * capture-recapture models with individual effects * spatial capture-recapture models based on camera trapping and related methods * population and metapopulation dynamic models * models of biodiversity, community structure and dynamics Wide variety of examples involving many taxa (birds, amphibians, mammals, insects, plants) Development of classical, likelihood-based procedures for inference, as well as Bayesian methods of analysis Detailed explanations describing the implementation of hierarchical models using freely available software such as R and WinBUGS Computing support in technical appendices in an online companion web site

Bayesian Population Analysis Using WinBUGS

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123870208
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Population Analysis Using WinBUGS by : Marc Kéry

Download or read book Bayesian Population Analysis Using WinBUGS written by Marc Kéry and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bayesian statistics has exploded into biology and its sub-disciplines, such as ecology, over the past decade. The free software program WinBUGS, and its open-source sister OpenBugs, is currently the only flexible and general-purpose program available with which the average ecologist can conduct standard and non-standard Bayesian statistics. Comprehensive and richly commented examples illustrate a wide range of models that are most relevant to the research of a modern population ecologist All WinBUGS/OpenBUGS analyses are completely integrated in software R Includes complete documentation of all R and WinBUGS code required to conduct analyses and shows all the necessary steps from having the data in a text file out of Excel to interpreting and processing the output from WinBUGS in R

Time Series

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420093363
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Time Series by : Raquel Prado

Download or read book Time Series written by Raquel Prado and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-05-21 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on Bayesian approaches and computations using simulation-based methods for inference, Time Series: Modeling, Computation, and Inference integrates mainstream approaches for time series modeling with significant recent developments in methodology and applications of time series analysis. It encompasses a graduate-level account of Bayesian time series modeling and analysis, a broad range of references to state-of-the-art approaches to univariate and multivariate time series analysis, and emerging topics at research frontiers. The book presents overviews of several classes of models and related methodology for inference, statistical computation for model fitting and assessment, and forecasting. The authors also explore the connections between time- and frequency-domain approaches and develop various models and analyses using Bayesian tools, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methods. They illustrate the models and methods with examples and case studies from a variety of fields, including signal processing, biomedicine, and finance. Data sets, R and MATLAB® code, and other material are available on the authors’ websites. Along with core models and methods, this text offers sophisticated tools for analyzing challenging time series problems. It also demonstrates the growth of time series analysis into new application areas.

Regression and Other Stories

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110702398X
Total Pages : 551 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Regression and Other Stories by : Andrew Gelman

Download or read book Regression and Other Stories written by Andrew Gelman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical approach to using regression and computation to solve real-world problems of estimation, prediction, and causal inference.

Generalized Additive Models

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1584884746
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (848 download)

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Book Synopsis Generalized Additive Models by : Simon Wood

Download or read book Generalized Additive Models written by Simon Wood and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in widespread use, generalized additive models (GAMs) have evolved into a standard statistical methodology of considerable flexibility. While Hastie and Tibshirani's outstanding 1990 research monograph on GAMs is largely responsible for this, there has been a long-standing need for an accessible introductory treatment of the subject that also emphasizes recent penalized regression spline approaches to GAMs and the mixed model extensions of these models. Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R imparts a thorough understanding of the theory and practical applications of GAMs and related advanced models, enabling informed use of these very flexible tools. The author bases his approach on a framework of penalized regression splines, and builds a well-grounded foundation through motivating chapters on linear and generalized linear models. While firmly focused on the practical aspects of GAMs, discussions include fairly full explanations of the theory underlying the methods. Use of the freely available R software helps explain the theory and illustrates the practicalities of linear, generalized linear, and generalized additive models, as well as their mixed effect extensions. The treatment is rich with practical examples, and it includes an entire chapter on the analysis of real data sets using R and the author's add-on package mgcv. Each chapter includes exercises, for which complete solutions are provided in an appendix. Concise, comprehensive, and essentially self-contained, Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R prepares readers with the practical skills and the theoretical background needed to use and understand GAMs and to move on to other GAM-related methods and models, such as SS-ANOVA, P-splines, backfitting and Bayesian approaches to smoothing and additive modelling.

Ecological Inference

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521542807
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecological Inference by : Gary King

Download or read book Ecological Inference written by Gary King and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-09-13 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon the recent explosion of research in the field, a diverse group of scholars surveys the latest strategies for solving ecological inference problems, the process of trying to infer individual behavior from aggregate data. The uncertainties and information lost in aggregation make ecological inference one of the most difficult areas of statistical inference, but these inferences are required in many academic fields, as well as by legislatures and the Courts in redistricting, marketing research by business, and policy analysis by governments. This wide-ranging collection of essays offers many fresh and important contributions to the study of ecological inference.

Bayesian Reinforcement Learning

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781680830880
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Bayesian Reinforcement Learning by : Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Download or read book Bayesian Reinforcement Learning written by Mohammad Ghavamzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bayesian methods for machine learning have been widely investigated, yielding principled methods for incorporating prior information into inference algorithms. This monograph provides the reader with an in-depth review of the role of Bayesian methods for the reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm. The major incentives for incorporating Bayesian reasoning in RL are that it provides an elegant approach to action-selection (exploration/exploitation) as a function of the uncertainty in learning, and it provides a machinery to incorporate prior knowledge into the algorithms. Bayesian Reinforcement Learning: A Survey first discusses models and methods for Bayesian inference in the simple single-step Bandit model. It then reviews the extensive recent literature on Bayesian methods for model-based RL, where prior information can be expressed on the parameters of the Markov model. It also presents Bayesian methods for model-free RL, where priors are expressed over the value function or policy class. Bayesian Reinforcement Learning: A Survey is a comprehensive reference for students and researchers with an interest in Bayesian RL algorithms and their theoretical and empirical properties.