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Non Targeted Chemical Analysis For The Identification Of Persistent Organic Compounds In Treated Wastewater
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Book Synopsis Non-targeted Chemical Analysis for the Identification of Persistent Organic Compounds in Treated Wastewater by :
Download or read book Non-targeted Chemical Analysis for the Identification of Persistent Organic Compounds in Treated Wastewater written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To assess the effectiveness of the advanced oxidation process (AOP), treated wastewater samples after reverse osmosis (ROP) and ultraviolet light/hydrogen peroxide (UVP) were analyzed by a non-targeted qualitative approach for the presence of organic compounds. Five sampling events were analyzed that occurred at Orange County Water District (OCWD)’s Advanced Water Purification Facility (AWPF) in Fountain Valley, CA. Tap water samples were also collected from a kitchen faucet at OCWD for two of the sampling events. Triplicates for each sample type were collected. The water samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS). While targeted analysis approaches are used to detect known chemicals, non-targeted approaches provide a broad overview of all those that are detected, and consider unknown chemicals. In this study, true detection of a chemical was determined by meeting two criteria: it must be found in all triplicates and must not be found in any of the field blanks. Tentatively identified chemicals were determined by meeting the first two criteria and also meeting a mass spectral similarity score of 700 or above. On average, 71% of the number of chemicals detected in ROP were reduced after UVP among all sampling events. Fourteen compounds were detected and tentatively identified in UVP and also found in ROP. Majority of the 14 compounds were reduced after UVP by an average of 52.2% of their peak areas. The compounds that were most frequently found in UVP were two halogenated acetonitriles, dichloroacetonitrile and bromochloroacetonitrile, in which other studies have commonly found after AOP. The number of chemicals detected in tap water was significantly higher than the number in UVP. In the tap water sampling events, 4-chlorobenzotrifluoride (CBTF) was detected in high abundance and was further confirmed with an authentic standard. Possible sources of the trace chemicals were discussed. None of the compounds identified in this study is under regulation. This study concludes that AOP was effective to remove trace chemicals in ROP. Further study requires confirmation of the tentatively identified compounds and quantitation of the compounds for risk assessment and source investigation. The CD-ROM, an appendix to the thesis, is available for viewing at the Media Center in the SDSU Library.
Book Synopsis Non-targeted Analysis for Discovery of Chemicals of Emerging Concerns in Treated Water for Drinking and Source Investigation by :
Download or read book Non-targeted Analysis for Discovery of Chemicals of Emerging Concerns in Treated Water for Drinking and Source Investigation written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is part of an inter-laboratory collaborating project led by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA provided water samples collected from a river, effluent of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and water treatment plant (WTP) in northeastern United States that uses chlorine disinfection. Non-targeted analysis was utilized to screen for a wide range of chemicals. The samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction (SPE) using Oasis HLB and analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS) in nontargeted analytical manner. By using non-targeted analysis, chemicals not targeted can be screened, while a targeted analysis analyzes known chemicals in a sample leaving unknown chemicals undetected. In this study, true detection of a chemical was determined by meeting the following criteria: it must be found only in the sample, must not be found in any field blank sample, and must have a mass spectral similarity score of 500 (50%) or above using the NIST mass spectral library. Data analysis was done by using the instrument software, ChromaTOF, and its add-in feature, “Statistical Compare”. After the automatic data analysis, manual review followed. In total, 382 unique compounds were identified from all six sample locations collected. After manual review, 135 compounds showed high similarity with the NIST mass spectra, and 247 were deemed as low identified compounds. In the wastewater effluent, a majority of the compounds were ingredients of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and flavoring/food additives. In the treated drinking water, 6 disinfection byproducts (DBPs) were detected and not detected in the feed water to the drinking water facility, but produced after treatment. Possible sources of the trace chemicals were discussed. Of all the chemicals tentatively identified, only two from the treated drinking water sample, tribromoacetic acid and dibromochloromethane are regulated in drinking water. This study confirms previous findings that PPCPs and DBPs continue to be pollutants of source waters. Also, the results indicate that non-target analysis was useful to evaluate the efficiency of wastewater and drinking water processes. Further study requires confirmation of the tentatively identified compound, quantification of the compounds for risk assessment and source investigation. The CD-ROM, an appendix to this thesis, is available for viewing at the Media Center in the SDSU Library.
Book Synopsis Determination of Organic Compounds in Natural and Treated Waters by : T R Crompton
Download or read book Determination of Organic Compounds in Natural and Treated Waters written by T R Crompton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-10-14 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference which draws together and systematises the information available on the occurrence and determination of organic substances in all types of non-saline and saline natural and treated waters. It provides a comprehensive description of organic compounds in all natural and treated water types. The book includes a series of table
Book Synopsis Measurement of Organic Pollutants in Water and Wastewater by : C. E. Van Hall
Download or read book Measurement of Organic Pollutants in Water and Wastewater written by C. E. Van Hall and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1979 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chemical Analysis of Non-antimicrobial Veterinary Drug Residues in Food by : Jack F. Kay
Download or read book Chemical Analysis of Non-antimicrobial Veterinary Drug Residues in Food written by Jack F. Kay and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a single-source reference for readers interested in the development of analytical methods for analyzing non-antimicrobial veterinary drug residues in food Provides a comprehensive set of information in the area of consumer food safety and international trade Covers general issues related to analytical quality control and quality assurance, measurement uncertainty, screening and confirmatory methods Details many techniques including nanotechnology and aptamer based assays covering current and potential applications for non-antimicrobial veterinary drugs Provides guidance for analysis of banned drugs including natural and synthetic steroids, Resorcylic acid lactones, and Beta-agonists
Author :IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Publisher :IARC Monographs on the Evaluat ISBN 13 :9789283213246 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (132 download)
Book Synopsis Some Chemicals Present in Industrial and Consumer Products, Food and Drinking-water by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Download or read book Some Chemicals Present in Industrial and Consumer Products, Food and Drinking-water written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides an assessment of the carcinogenicity of 18 chemicals present in industrial and consumer products or food (natural constituents, contaminants, or flavorings) or occurring as water-chlorination by-products. The compounds evaluated include the widely used plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and the food contaminant 4-methylimidazole. In view of the limited agent-specific information available from epidemiological studies, the IARC Monographs Working Group relied mainly on carcinogenicity bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to evaluate the carcinogenic hazards to humans exposed to these agents.
Book Synopsis Water Pollution and Remediation: Organic Pollutants by : Inamuddin
Download or read book Water Pollution and Remediation: Organic Pollutants written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater pollution is a major issue in the context of the future circular economy because all matter should be ultimately reused, calling for efficient depollution techniques. This book present timely reviews on the treatment of wastewater contaminated by organic pollutants, with focus on aerobic granulation and degradation. Organic pollutants include microplastics, phthalates, humic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pharmaceutical drugs and metabolites, plastics, oil spills, petroleum hydrocarbons, personal care products, tannery waste, dyes and pigments.
Book Synopsis Organic Compounds in Natural Waters by : T Roy Crompton
Download or read book Organic Compounds in Natural Waters written by T Roy Crompton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential health hazards that might arise from the presence of organic substances in water are a matter of increasing concern to the water industry, environmentalists and the general public alike. This comprehensive reference draws together and systematises the vast body of information available on the occurrence and determination of organic substances in natural waters. Organic Compounds in Natural Waters provides a comprehensive description of organic substances in waters. Methods are provided in broad outline, with guidance on their applicability, their comparative advantages and disadvantages, possible interferences, sensitivity and detection levels. The book is an essential reference for analytical chemists working in industry, water utilities, government, non government organisations and regulatory agencies and environmental/analytical consultants.
Book Synopsis Determination of Toxic Organic Chemicals In Natural Waters, Sediments and Soils by : T. R. Crompton
Download or read book Determination of Toxic Organic Chemicals In Natural Waters, Sediments and Soils written by T. R. Crompton and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determination of Toxic Organic Chemicals in Natural Waters, Sediments and Soils: Determination and Analysis reviews the latest techniques for the determination and assessment of both current and emerging organic compounds in a range of important environmental contexts. A wide range of organic compounds in non-saline waters are discussed in the opening chapters, including hydrocarbons, surface active agents and volatile organic compounds. This is followed by multiorganics, pesticides and organometallic compounds in non-saline waters. Organic compounds in aqueous precipitation are then explored before the book goes on to discuss compounds in soils, including extraction techniques, insecticides, herbicides and fungicides, and organometallic compounds. Finally, the concluding chapters focus on compounds in sediments, providing readers with the latest information in the field and supporting them as they address the important issue surrounding organic material throughout ecosystems. - Highlights the latest methods for analyzing a wide range of organic compounds - Supports researchers by providing detailed information across a range of ecosystems - Includes detailed guidance for assessing complex mixtures of organic compounds in the environment
Book Synopsis Tentative Identification of Organic Compounds at the Westside Wastewater Treatment Plant (High Point, NC) and Implications for Aquatic Toxicity by : Julia F. Storm
Download or read book Tentative Identification of Organic Compounds at the Westside Wastewater Treatment Plant (High Point, NC) and Implications for Aquatic Toxicity written by Julia F. Storm and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emerging Pollutants by : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
Download or read book Emerging Pollutants written by Francisco G. Calvo-Flores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent, concise, and interdisciplinary overview of different classes of emerging pollutants arising, for example, from pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, and industrial chemicals and their impact on water, soil, and air. Following an introduction to chemical pollutants, with special attention focused on organic compounds and their properties, the book goes on to describe major emerging pollutants grouped according to their applications in different sectors of industrial or economic activity. For each type of compound, the chemical structure, main properties, and source are presented, along with their fate in the environment as pollutants, the latest analytical methods for detection, possible health or ecology consequences, as well as current regulatory laws. New developments, such as nanotechnology as a pollution source, are also included. The book closes with a chapter devoted to conclusions and future perspectives.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251305056 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Soil pollution: a hidden reality by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Soil pollution: a hidden reality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.
Download or read book Soil Pollution written by Ibrahim Mirsal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This graduate-level text and reference work is unique among the soil literature. It deals with the interdisciplinary fields of soil pollution and remediation. It starts off with a thorough and comprehensible introduction to the relevant fundamentals of mineralogy, chemistry, and soil properties. Readers are thus well prepared to understand the biochemical aspects of soil remediation then presented. The book’s holistic approach and narrative style are complemented by numerous and detailed illustrations. Soil pollution is an asset not only to graduate students and instructors, but also to professionals from the environmental and agricultural sciences, as it provides an integrated overview of previously separately treated material.
Book Synopsis Control of Organic Substances in Water and Wastewater by :
Download or read book Control of Organic Substances in Water and Wastewater written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater Systems by : Jan Schwarzbauer
Download or read book Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater Systems written by Jan Schwarzbauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-04 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews a selection of organic-geochemical investigations, dealing with the characterization and environmental behaviour of organic contaminations of German river and groundwater systems. Topics include comprehensive non-target screening as well as isotope analysis of contaminants in water and sediments, detailed characterisation of bound residues, recording riverine pollution histories and an extensive application of the anthropogenic marker approach.
Download or read book Sick Water? written by and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2010 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given that a healthier future needs urgent global action for smart, sustained investment to improve wastewater management, this report tackles the current challenges faced in wastewater management. Part I of the report addresses the pressing challenges faced in the management of wastewater and how it may be influenced by population growth, urbanization, and climate change. Part II looks at possible solutions regarding these challenges and how current techniques can be modernized through innovation.
Book Synopsis Long-term Field Experiments in Organic Farming by : Joachim Raupp
Download or read book Long-term Field Experiments in Organic Farming written by Joachim Raupp and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
