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Non Steady State Catalyst Characterization With Thin Zone Tap Experiments
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Book Synopsis Non-steady-state Catalyst Characterization with Thin-zone TAP Experiments by : Evgeniy A. Redekop
Download or read book Non-steady-state Catalyst Characterization with Thin-zone TAP Experiments written by Evgeniy A. Redekop and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rational catalyst design must be advanced beyond its state-of-the-art given the significant economic and environmental relevance of catalytic technologies. To address this challenge, precise kinetic characterization of industrial catalysts is required for elucidating complex reaction mechanisms, establishing structure-activity relationships, and building scientifically-sound microkinetic models of catalytic processes. In this thesis, a novel framework for non-steady-state high-throughput kinetic characterization of complex catalytic reactions is theoretically developed, experimentally validated, and applied to a catalytic reaction of considerable interest. This novel framework of catalyst characterization is based on Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP) experiments. These pulse-response experiments employ Knudsen diffusion as a reliable standard process of gas transport to measure intrinsic rates of chemical transformations on catalysts. Specifically, this work focuses on the Thin- Zone (TZ) configuration of the TAP microreactor which allows monitoring of reaction kinetics for a well-defined and spatially uniform catalyst state with resolution on the millisecond scale. In the TZ TAP reactor, a narrow catalytic sample is packed between two inert zones in order to minimize macroscopic concentration and temperature non-uniformities across the catalyst. Unlike traditional kinetic testing devices such as well-mixed or tubular reactors, the TZ TAP reactor maintains the catalyst in a highly uniform state for an extended range of reactant conversions. One of the main implications of maintaining TZ uniformity is the ability to effectively decouple reaction kinetics from external transport in the microreactor. Typically, TAP data analysis relies on a set of mechanistic assumptions about a reaction in order to obtain kinetic information from coupled reaction-diffusion data. In our framework, intra-pulse kinetic characteristics in the TZ including reaction rates, gaseous concentrations, and surface concentrations are reconstructed from exit flows via the 'model free' Y-Procedure and then used for elucidating the reaction mechanism and estimating kinetic parameters. The core idea of the data analysis framework developed in this thesis is that the network of elementary steps behind a catalytic reaction can be revealed by examining how reconstructed kinetic characteristics evolve in relation to each other during a pulse-response experiment. Our results suggest, for example, that the temporal coherence between reactant consumption and product generation rates can provide compelling arguments in favor of one potential reaction mechanism over another. The analysis of rate-concentration data can also be used to estimate intrinsic kinetic parameters once the network of reaction steps is identified. These theoretical developments have been translated into a viable experimental methodology which has been validated using well-characterized oxygen uptake on polycrystalline platinum as a benchmark problem. Finally, the Y-Procedure was applied to study CO oxidation and oxygen storage on the Au/SiO2 catalyst prepared by magnetron sputtering. Oxygen was introduced to the catalyst during ow pretreatments under elevated pressure and then titrated o the catalyst by multi-pulse CO sequences under TAP vacuum conditions. The data indicate that oxygen is stored on the catalyst in two kinetically distinct reservoirs. Both reservoirs get filled with oxygen under ow pretreatment, but only one of them directly contributes oxygen for CO oxidation under vacuum. The two reservoirs exchange oxygen between each other and after one of them is depleted by the oxidation reaction during a CO pulse, the second reservoir resupplies oxygen before the next CO pulse arrives. Further research is needed to identify the chemical nature of the second oxygen reservoir. However, our findings testify to the utility of the Y-Procedure as an advanced tool for mechanistic research in catalysis. The thesis outlook section suggests several research directions which will be facilitated by the systematic application of the Y-Procedure.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Solid Materials and Heterogeneous Catalysts by : Michel Che
Download or read book Characterization of Solid Materials and Heterogeneous Catalysts written by Michel Che and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-16 with total page 1313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book provides an overview of physical techniques used to characterize the structure of solid materials, on the one hand, and to investigate the reactivity of their surface, on the other. Therefore this book is a must-have for anyone working in fields related to surface reactivity. Among the latter, and because of its most important industrial impact, catalysis has been used as the directing thread of the book. After the preface and a general introduction to physical techniques by M. Che and J.C. Vedrine, two overviews on physical techniques are presented by G. Ertl and Sir J.M. Thomas for investigating model catalysts and porous catalysts, respectively. The book is organized into four parts: Molecular/Local Spectroscopies, Macroscopic Techniques, Characterization of the Fluid Phase (Gas and/ or Liquid), and Advanced Characterization. Each chapter focuses upon the following important themes: overview of the technique, most important parameters to interpret the experimental data, practical details, applications of the technique, particularly during chemical processes, with its advantages and disadvantages, conclusions.
Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Advanced Catalyst Characterization by : Israel E. Wachs
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Advanced Catalyst Characterization written by Israel E. Wachs and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-12 with total page 1109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-edited by world-renowned scientists in the field of catalysis, this book contains the cutting-edge in situ and operando spectroscopy characterization techniques operating under reaction conditions to determine a materials’ bulk, surface, and solution complex and their applications in the field of catalysis with emphasis on solid catalysts in powder form since such catalyst are relevant for industrial applications. The handbook covers from widely-used to cutting-edge techniques. The handbook is written for a broad audience of students and professionals who want to pursue the full capabilities available by the current state-of-the-art in characterization to fully understand how their catalysts really operate and guide the rational design of advanced catalysts. Individuals involved in catalysis research will be interested in this handbook because it contains a catalogue of cutting-edge methods employed in characterization of catalysts. These techniques find wide use in applications such as petroleum refining, chemical manufacture, natural gas conversion, pollution control, transportation, power generation, pharmaceuticals and food processing. fdsfds
Book Synopsis 12th International Congress on Catalysis by : A. Corma
Download or read book 12th International Congress on Catalysis written by A. Corma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-07-05 with total page 2051 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twelfth Congress on Catalysis was held in Granada (Spain) under the auspices of the International Association of Catalysis Societies and the Spanish Society of Catalysis. These four-volume Proceedings are the expression of the Scientific Sessions which constituted the main body of the Congress.They include 5 plenary lectures, 1 award lecture, 8 keynote lectures, 124 oral presentations and 495 posters. The oral and poster contributions have been selected on the basis of the reports of at least two international reviewers, according to standards comparable to those used for specialised journals.
Book Synopsis Catalysis Volume 33 by : James Spivey
Download or read book Catalysis Volume 33 written by James Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature which bridges the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection.
Book Synopsis Multiphase Catalytic Reactors by : Zeynep Ilsen Önsan
Download or read book Multiphase Catalytic Reactors written by Zeynep Ilsen Önsan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a holistic approach to multiphase catalytic reactors from their modeling and design to their applications in industrial manufacturing of chemicals Covers theoretical aspects and examples of fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, trickle-bed, slurry, monolith and microchannel reactors Includes chapters covering experimental techniques and practical guidelines for lab-scale testing of multiphase reactors Includes mathematical content focused on design equations and empirical relationships characterizing different multiphase reactor types together with an assortment of computational tools Involves detailed coverage of multiphase reactor applications such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, fuel processing for fuel cells, hydrotreating of oil fractions and biofuels processing
Book Synopsis Multiscale and Innovative Kinetic Approaches in Heterogeneous Catalysis by : Pascal Granger
Download or read book Multiscale and Innovative Kinetic Approaches in Heterogeneous Catalysis written by Pascal Granger and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinetics and reactor modeling for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are prominent tools for investigating and understanding catalyst functionalities at nanoscale and the related rates of complex reaction networks. This book illustrates some examples related to the transformation of simple to more complex feedstocks, including different types of reactor designs, i.e., steady-state, transient plug flow reactors, and TAP reactors for which there is sometimes a strong gap in the operating conditions from ultra-high-vacuum to high-pressure conditions. In conjunction, new methodologies have emerged, giving rise to more robust microkinetics models. As exemplified, they include the kinetics and the dynamics of the reactors and span a large range of length and time scales. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide contributions that can illustrate recent advances and novel methodologies for elucidating the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and the necessary multiscale approach for optimizing the reactor design. This book is dedicated to postgraduate and scientific researchers, and experts in heterogeneous catalysis. It may also serve as a source of original information for the elaboration of lessons on catalysis for Master students.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Chemical Reactions by : Guy B. Marin
Download or read book Kinetics of Chemical Reactions written by Guy B. Marin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second, extended and updated edition presents the current state of kinetics of chemical reactions, combining basic knowledge with results recently obtained at the frontier of science. Special attention is paid to the problem of the chemical reaction complexity with theoretical and methodological concepts illustrated throughout by numerous examples taken from heterogeneous catalysis combustion and enzyme processes. Of great interest to graduate students in both chemistry and chemical engineering.
Book Synopsis Advanced Data Analysis and Modelling in Chemical Engineering by : Denis Constales
Download or read book Advanced Data Analysis and Modelling in Chemical Engineering written by Denis Constales and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Data Analysis and Modeling in Chemical Engineering provides the mathematical foundations of different areas of chemical engineering and describes typical applications. The book presents the key areas of chemical engineering, their mathematical foundations, and corresponding modeling techniques. Modern industrial production is based on solid scientific methods, many of which are part of chemical engineering. To produce new substances or materials, engineers must devise special reactors and procedures, while also observing stringent safety requirements and striving to optimize the efficiency jointly in economic and ecological terms. In chemical engineering, mathematical methods are considered to be driving forces of many innovations in material design and process development. Presents the main mathematical problems and models of chemical engineering and provides the reader with contemporary methods and tools to solve them Summarizes in a clear and straightforward way, the contemporary trends in the interaction between mathematics and chemical engineering vital to chemical engineers in their daily work Includes classical analytical methods, computational methods, and methods of symbolic computation Covers the latest cutting edge computational methods, like symbolic computational methods
Book Synopsis Principles and Practice of Heterogeneous Catalysis by : John Meurig Thomas
Download or read book Principles and Practice of Heterogeneous Catalysis written by John Meurig Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-10-07 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysis occupies a pivotal position in the physical and biological sciences. As well as being the mainstay of the chemical industry, it is the means of effecting many laboratory syntheses and the root cause of all enzymatic processes. This book is an eminently readable introduction to the fundamental principles of heterogeneous catalysis. Written by world-renowned experts, it explains the vocabulary, grammar and literature of catalysis from the laboratory-oriented model study through to the operating plant. Didactically skillful and using many lucidly designed figures, the authors present an insightful exposition of all important concepts, new developments and techniques in this rapidly advancing field.
Book Synopsis Catalysis: Volume 34 by : James Spivey
Download or read book Catalysis: Volume 34 written by James Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature which bridges the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry.
Book Synopsis Chemical Complexity via Simple Models by : Valeriy I. Bykov
Download or read book Chemical Complexity via Simple Models written by Valeriy I. Bykov and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is focused on mathematical modelling of chemical kinetics. The authors present the classification of basic models of chemical kinetics, thermokinetics and macrokinetics, as well as their application for the most important chemical transformations, such as combustion and catalysis. Readers will find a detailed description and analysis of different mathematical instruments which can be applied for simulation of reaction dynamics.
Book Synopsis Catalyst Characterization Science; Surface and Solid State Chemistry by :
Download or read book Catalyst Characterization Science; Surface and Solid State Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan by : Nihon Kagakkai
Download or read book Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan written by Nihon Kagakkai and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Catalyst Characterization by : Boris Imelik
Download or read book Catalyst Characterization written by Boris Imelik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: to the Fundamental and Applied Catalysis Series Catalysis is important academically and industrially. It plays an essential role in the manufacture of a wide range of products, from gasoline and plastics to fertilizers and herbicides, which would otherwise be unobtainable or prohibitive ly expensive. There are few chemical-or oil-based material items in modern society that do not depend in some way on a catalytic stage in their manufacture. Apart from manufacturing processes, catalysis is finding other important and over-increasing uses; for example, successful applications of catalysis in the control ofpollution and its use in environmental control are certain to in crease in the future. The commercial import an ce of catalysis and the diverse intellectual challenges of catalytic phenomena have stimulated study by a broad spectrum of scientists including chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and material scientists. Increasing research activity over the years has brought deeper levels of understanding, and these have been associated with a continually growing amount of published material. As recentlyas sixty years ago, Rideal and Taylor could still treat the subject comprehensively in a single volume, but by the 19 50s Emmett required six volumes, and no conventional multivolume text could now cover the whole of catalysis in any depth.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Industrial Catalysis by : Jens Hagen
Download or read book Industrial Catalysis written by Jens Hagen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-02 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in it's 3rd Edition, Industrial Catalysis offers all relevant information on catalytic processes in industry, including many recent examples. Perfectly suited for self-study, it is the ideal companion for scientists who want to get into the field or refresh existing knowledge. The updated edition covers the full range of industrial aspects, from catalyst development and testing to process examples and catalyst recycling. The book is characterized by its practical relevance, expressed by a selection of over 40 examples of catalytic processes in industry. In addition, new chapters on catalytic processes with renewable materials and polymerization catalysis have been included. Existing chapters have been carefully revised and supported by new subchapters, for example, on metathesis reactions, refinery processes, petrochemistry and new reactor concepts. "I found the book accesible, readable and interesting - both as a refresher and as an introduction to new topics - and a convenient first reference on current industrial catalytic practise and processes." Excerpt from a book review for the second edition by P. C. H. Mitchell, Applied Organometallic Chemistry (2007)
