Nixon Ford And The Abandonment Of South Vietnam

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Nixon, Ford and the Abandonment of South Vietnam

Author : J. Edward Lee
Publisher : McFarland
ISBN 13 : 0786483849
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Nixon, Ford and the Abandonment of South Vietnam by : J. Edward Lee

Download or read book Nixon, Ford and the Abandonment of South Vietnam written by J. Edward Lee and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2015-10-03 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Vietnam fell because of events occurring thousands of miles away from the battlefields—in China, the Soviet Union, Latin America, the Middle East, and Washington’s corridors of power, along protest lines, and around America’s dinner tables. These other wars being fought by American presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford profoundly impacted what happened in Vietnam. This work examines those other conflicts and the political, social, and economic factors involved with them that distracted and crippled the presidencies of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford and led to the eventual abandonment of the U.S.-supported South Vietnamese regime. Nixon entered office with the goal of bringing the world together, but saw that goal ruined by the 1973 war in the Middle East, preoccupations with China and the Soviet Union, a weak economy, Watergate, and his disgraceful exit from the White House. Ford’s presidency was tainted almost from the beginning because of the pardon he granted to Nixon, but the American public, tired of war and concerned about the economy, was ready to hear that the war had come to an end. An argument is presented that the war could have been won if the “other wars” had been fought by presidents willing to honor the American commitment to its allies in South Vietnam.

Abandoning Vietnam

Author : James H. Willbanks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Abandoning Vietnam by : James H. Willbanks

Download or read book Abandoning Vietnam written by James H. Willbanks and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon both archival research and his own military experiences in Vietnam, Willbanks focuses on military operations from 1969 through 1975. He begins by analyzing the events that led to a change in U.S. strategy in 1969 and the subsequent initiation of Vietnamization. He then critiques the implementation of that policy and the combat performance of the South Vietnamese army (ARVN), which finally collapsed in 1975.

No More Vietnams

Author : Richard Milhous Nixon
Publisher : William Morrow
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis No More Vietnams by : Richard Milhous Nixon

Download or read book No More Vietnams written by Richard Milhous Nixon and published by William Morrow. This book was released on 1985 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In writing No More Vietnams, Richard Nixon-with the unique perspective of the man who served us America's commander-in-chief during the war's most difficult stage-has set out to dispel the myths of Vietnam, to show why we failed in Vietnam, and to contribute to the development of policies that will help avoid such failures in the future. In doing so, President Nixon analyzes the role that four presidents, the military, the Congress, the media, and the antiwar movement played in the Vietnam debacle." -- Front jacket flap

No More Vietnams

Author : Richard Nixon
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476731780
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis No More Vietnams by : Richard Nixon

Download or read book No More Vietnams written by Richard Nixon and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “He is just about the only American leader who ever did anything right in Vietnam.…Nixon makes a strong case.” —Chicago Tribune In his bestselling No More Vietnams, Richard Nixon analyzes America’s military involvement in Southeast Asia—including his own role as commander-in-chief from 1969 to 1974—and presciently calls for a new American approach to conflicts in the Third World.

No Peace, No Honor

Author : Larry Berman
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 074321742X
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis No Peace, No Honor by : Larry Berman

Download or read book No Peace, No Honor written by Larry Berman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-09-23 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1973, Henry Kissinger shared the Nobel Peace Prize for the secret negotiations that led to the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam. Nixon famously declared the 1973 agreement to be "peace with honor"; America was disengaging, yet South Vietnam still stood to fight its own war. Kissinger promptly moved to seal up his personal records of the negotiations, arguing that they are private, not government, records, and that he will only allow them to be unsealed after his death. No Peace, No Honor deploys extraordinary documentary bombshells, including a complete North Vietnamese account of the secret talks, to blow the lid off the true story of the peace process. Neither Nixon and Kissinger's critics, nor their defenders, have guessed at the full truth: the entire peace negotiation was a sham. Nixon did not plan to exit Vietnam, but he knew that in order to continue bombing without a congressional cutoff, he would need a fig leaf. Kissinger negotiated a deal that he and Nixon expected the North to violate. Ironically, their long-maintained spin on what happened next is partially true: only Watergate stopped America from sending the bombers back in. This revelatory book has many other surprises. Berman produces new evidence that finally proves a long-suspected connection between candidate Nixon in 1968 and the South Vietnamese government. He tells the full story of Operation Duck Hook, a large-scale offensive planned by Nixon as early as 1969 that would have widened the war even to the point of bombing civilian food supplies. He reveals transcripts of candidate George McGovern's attempts to negotiate his own October surprise for 1972, and a seriocomic plan by the CIA to overthrow South Vietnam's President Thieu even as late as 1975. Throughout, with page-turning dialogue provided by official transcriptions and notes, Berman reveals the step-by-step betrayal of South Vietnam that started with a short-circuited negotiations loop, and ended with double-talk, false promises, and outright abandonment. Berman draws on hundreds of declassified documents, including the notes of Kissinger's aides, phone taps of the Nixon campaign in 1968, and McGovern's own transcripts of his negotiations with North Vietnam. He has been able to double- and triple-check North Vietnamese accounts against American notes of meetings, as well as previously released bits of the record. He has interviewed many key players, including high-level South Vietnamese officials. This definitive account forever and completely rewrites the final chapter of the Vietnam war. Henry Kissinger's Nobel Prize was won at the cost of America's honor.

The War After the War

Author : Johannes Kadura
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 150170379X
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The War After the War by : Johannes Kadura

Download or read book The War After the War written by Johannes Kadura and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The War after the War, Johannes Kadura offers a fresh interpretation of American strategy in the wake of the cease-fire that began in Vietnam on January 28, 1973. The U.S. exit from Vietnam continues to be important in discussions of present-day U.S. foreign policy, so it is crucial that it be interpreted correctly. In challenging the prevailing version of the history of the events, Kadura provides interesting correctives to the different accounts, including the ones of the key actors themselves, President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger foremost among them. In so doing, Kadura aims to forge a synthesis between orthodox and revisionist interpretations of this important period. Kadura finds that the strategy employed by Nixon and Kissinger centered on the concepts of "equilibrium strategy" and "insurance policy." That approach allowed them to follow a twofold strategy of making a major effort to uphold South Vietnam while at the same time maintaining a fallback strategy of downplaying the overall significance of Vietnam. Whether they won or lost on their primary bet to secure South Vietnam, Nixon and Kissinger expected to come through the crisis in a viable strategic position.

Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War

Author : David F. Schmitz
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442227109
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War by : David F. Schmitz

Download or read book Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War written by David F. Schmitz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War, accomplished foreign relations historian David F. Shmitz provides students of US history and the Vietnam era with an up-to-date analysis of Nixon’s Vietnam policy in a brief and accessible book that addresses the main controversies of the Nixon years. President Richard Nixon’s first presidential term oversaw the definitive crucible of the Vietnam War. Nixon came into office seeking the kind of decisive victory that had eluded President Johnson, and went about expanding the war, overtly and covertly, in order to uphold a policy of “containment,” protect America’s credibility, and defy the left’s antiwar movement at home. Tactically, politically, Nixon’s moves made sense. However, by 1971 the president was forced to significantly de-escalate the American presence and seek a negotiated end to the war, which is now accepted as an American defeat, and a resounding failure of American foreign relations. Schmitz addresses the main controversies of Nixon’s Vietnam strategy, and in so doing manages to trace back the ways in which this most calculating and perceptive politician wound up resigning from office a fraud and failure. Finally, the book seeks to place the impact of Nixon’s policies and decisions in the larger context of post-World War II American society, and analyzes the full costs of the Vietnam War that the nation feels to this day.

Ending the Vietnam War

Author : Henry Kissinger
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743245776
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Ending the Vietnam War by : Henry Kissinger

Download or read book Ending the Vietnam War written by Henry Kissinger and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2003-02-11 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now, for the first time, Kissinger gives us in a single volume an in-depth, inside view of the Vietnam War, personally collected, annotated, revised, and updated from his bestselling memoirs and his book Diplomacy. Many other authors have written about what they thought happened—or thought should have happened—in Vietnam, but it was Henry Kissinger who was there at the epicenter, involved in every decision from the long, frustrating negotiations with the North Vietnamese delegation to America's eventual extrication from the war. Here, Kissinger writes with firm, precise knowledge, supported by meticulous documentation that includes his own memoranda to and replies from President Nixon. He tells about the tragedy of Cambodia, the collateral negotiations with the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China, the disagreements within the Nixon and Ford administrations, the details of all negotiations in which he was involved, the domestic unrest and protest in the States, and the day-to-day military to diplomatic realities of the war as it reached the White House. As compelling and exciting as Barbara Tuchman's The Guns of August, Ending the Vietnam War also reveals insights about the bigger-than-life personalities—Johnson, Nixon, de Gaulle, Ho Chi Minh, Brezhnev—who were caught up in a war that forever changed international relations. This is history on a grand scale, and a book of overwhelming importance to the public record.

No Peace, No Honor

Author : Larry Berman
Publisher : Free Press
ISBN 13 : 9780743223492
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (234 download)

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Book Synopsis No Peace, No Honor by : Larry Berman

Download or read book No Peace, No Honor written by Larry Berman and published by Free Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NO PEACE NO HONOR takes readers inside the negotiations that lead to the agreement Nixon famously called 'peace with honour' and reveals that the entire process was a sham. Through exhaustive, meticulous research, Larry Berman provides conclusive evidence that Kissenger crafted a deal he and Nixon expected and actually wanted North Vietnam to violate because it would allow them to continue the bombing with no threat of a congressional cut-off. Their secret plans to extend the war, he argues, were aborted only with the onset of the Watergate debacle. Tracing the step-by-step deception of both the South Vietnamese and the American public from initiatives that began as early as 1969, through the disgraceful peace agreement that cost the country it's honour, this extraordinary book is a benchmark in the literature of Vietnam.

Betrayal in Vietnam

Author : Louis A. Fanning
Publisher : Arlington House Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Betrayal in Vietnam by : Louis A. Fanning

Download or read book Betrayal in Vietnam written by Louis A. Fanning and published by Arlington House Publishers. This book was released on 1976 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

After Saigon's Fall

Author : Amanda C. Demmer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108804748
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis After Saigon's Fall by : Amanda C. Demmer

Download or read book After Saigon's Fall written by Amanda C. Demmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few historians of the Vietnam War have covered the post-1975 era or engaged comprehensively with refugee politics, humanitarianism, and human rights as defining issues of the period. After Saigon's Fall is the first major work to uncover this history. Amanda C. Demmer offers a new account of the post-War normalization of US–Vietnam relations by centering three major transformations of the late twentieth century: the reassertion of the US Congress in American foreign policy; the Indochinese diaspora and changing domestic and international refugee norms; and the intertwining of humanitarianism and the human rights movement. By tracing these domestic, regional, and global phenomena, After Saigon's Fall captures the contingencies and contradictions inherent in US-Vietnamese normalization. Using previously untapped archives to recover a riveting narrative with both policymakers and nonstate advocates at its center, Demmer's book also reveals much about US politics and society in the last quarter of the twentieth century.

Vietnam

Author : John Prados
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Vietnam by : John Prados

Download or read book Vietnam written by John Prados and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first major synthesis of the war since 2001, drawing upon a host of newly declassified documents, presidential tapes, and overlooked foreign sources to give the most comprehensive look to date of the war that still haunts America.

Real Peace

Author : Richard Milhous Nixon
Publisher : Pocket Books
ISBN 13 : 9780671706203
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Real Peace by : Richard Milhous Nixon

Download or read book Real Peace written by Richard Milhous Nixon and published by Pocket Books. This book was released on 1990 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era

Author : Mitchell K. Hall
Publisher : Historical Dictionaries of U.S
ISBN 13 : 9780810856288
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (562 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era by : Mitchell K. Hall

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era written by Mitchell K. Hall and published by Historical Dictionaries of U.S. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford encompassed some of the most turbulent and significant years of the 20th century. Nixon was elected near the end of a decade characterized by struggles for civil rights, years of war in Vietnam, and widespread cultural rebellion. Although he promised during his campaign to bring the country together, Nixon's administration was more confrontational than compromising and ultimately deepened national divisions. Gerald Ford worked to restore integrity to the White House but never fully established a program separate from his predecessor. His pardon of Nixon and the 1975 fall of South Vietnam kept him linked to the past rather than establishing the beginning of a new era. The Nixon-Ford Era witnessed one of the most controversial presidential eras, yet despite all of the turmoil, progress was made. The Vietnam War eventually wound down, the Cold War went through a phase of détente, relations were established with China, civil rights progressed, the situation of African Americans and Native Americans improved, and Women's Liberation altered the status of half of the population. The Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era relates these events and provides extensive political, economic, and social background on this era through a detailed chronology, an introduction, appendixes, a bibliography, and several hundred cross-referenced dictionary entries on important persons, events, institutions, policies, and issues.

Tears before the Rain

Author : Larry Engelmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195363795
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Tears before the Rain by : Larry Engelmann

Download or read book Tears before the Rain written by Larry Engelmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1990-08-30 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CBS camera-man Mike Marriott was on the last plane to escape from Danang before it fell in the spring of 1975. The scene was pure chaos: thousands of panic-stricken Vietnamese storming the airliner, soldiers shooting women and children to get aboard first, refugees being trampled to death. Marriott remembers standing at the door of the aft stairway, which was gaping open as the plane took off. "There were five Vietnamese below me on the steps. As the nose of the aircraft came up, because of the force and speed of the aircraft, the Vietnamese began to fall off. One guy managed to hang on for a while, but at about 600 feet he let go and just floated off--just like a skydiver.... What was going through my head was, I've got to survive this, and at the same time, I've got to capture this on film. This is the start of the fall of a country. This country is gone. This is history, right here and now." In Tears Before the Rain, a stunning oral history of the fall of South Vietnam, Larry Engelmann has gathered together the testimony of seventy eyewitnesses (both American and Vietnamese) who, like Mike Marriott, capture the feel of history "right here and now." We hear the voices of nurses, pilots, television and print media figures, the American Ambassador Graham Martin, the CIA station chief Thomas Polgar, Vietnamese generals, Amerasian children, even Vietcong and North Vietnamese soldiers. Through this extraordinary range of perspectives, we experience first-hand the final weeks before Saigon collapsed, from President Thieu's cataclysmic withdrawal from Pleiku and Kontum, (Colonel Le Khac Ly, put in command of the withdrawal, recalls receiving the order: "I opened my eyes large, large, large. I thought I wasn't hearing clearly") to the last-minute airlift of Americans from the embassy courtyard and roof ("I remember when the bird ascended," says Stuart Herrington, who left on one of the last helicopters, "It banked, and there was the Embassy, the parking lot, the street lights. And the silence"). Touching, heroic, harrowing, and utterly unforgettable, these dramatic narratives illuminate one of the central events of modern history. "It was like being at Waterloo," concludes Ed Bradley of 60 Minutes. "It was so important, so historical. And today it is still very obvious that we Americans have not recovered from Vietnam....Nothing else in my lifetime was as important as that--as important as Vietnam."

Vietnam: the System Worked

Author : Leslie H. Gelb
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Vietnam: the System Worked by : Leslie H. Gelb

Download or read book Vietnam: the System Worked written by Leslie H. Gelb and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nixon's Nuclear Specter

Author : William Burr
Publisher : University Press of Kansas
ISBN 13 : 0700620826
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Nixon's Nuclear Specter by : William Burr

Download or read book Nixon's Nuclear Specter written by William Burr and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their initial effort to end the Vietnam War, Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger attempted to lever concessions from Hanoi at the negotiating table with military force and coercive diplomacy. They were not seeking military victory, which they did not believe was feasible. Instead, they backed up their diplomacy toward North Vietnam and the Soviet Union with the Madman Theory of threatening excessive force, which included the specter of nuclear force. They began with verbal threats then bombed North Vietnamese and Viet Cong base areas in Cambodia, signaling that there was more to come. As the bombing expanded, they launched a previously unknown mining ruse against Haiphong, stepped-up their warnings to Hanoi and Moscow, and initiated planning for a massive shock-and-awe military operation referred to within the White House inner circle as DUCK HOOK. Beyond the mining of North Vietnamese ports and selective bombing in and around Hanoi, the initial DUCK HOOK concept included proposals for “tactical” nuclear strikes against logistics targets and U.S. and South Vietnamese ground incursions into the North. In early October 1969, however, Nixon aborted planning for the long-contemplated operation. He had been influenced by Hanoi's defiance in the face of his dire threats and concerned about U.S. public reaction, antiwar protests, and internal administration dissent. In place of DUCK HOOK, Nixon and Kissinger launched a secret global nuclear alert in hopes that it would lend credibility to their prior warnings and perhaps even persuade Moscow to put pressure on Hanoi. It was to be a “special reminder” of how far President Nixon might go. The risky gambit failed to move the Soviets, but it marked a turning point in the administration's strategy for exiting Vietnam. Nixon and Kissinger became increasingly resigned to a “long-route” policy of providing Saigon with a “decent chance” of survival for a “decent interval” after a negotiated settlement and U.S. forces left Indochina. Burr and Kimball draw upon extensive research in participant interviews and declassified documents to unravel this intricate story of the October 1969 nuclear alert. They place it in the context of nuclear threat making and coercive diplomacy since 1945, the culture of the Bomb, intra-governmental dissent, domestic political pressures, the international “nuclear taboo,” and Vietnamese and Soviet actions and policies. It is a history that holds important lessons for the present and future about the risks and uncertainties of nuclear threat making.