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Nicole Oresmes De Visione Stellarum On Seeing The Stars
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Book Synopsis De Visione Stellarum by : Dan Burton
Download or read book De Visione Stellarum written by Dan Burton and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this critical edition of Nicole Oresme's 14th-century treatise on atmospheric refraction, Oresme uses optics and infinitesimals to help solve this vexing problem of astronomy, proposing that light travels along a curve through the atmosphere, centuries before Hooke and Newton.
Book Synopsis Nicole Oresme's On Seeing the Stars (De Visione Stellarum) by : Danny Ethus Burton
Download or read book Nicole Oresme's On Seeing the Stars (De Visione Stellarum) written by Danny Ethus Burton and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantifying Aristotle written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-06-08 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an entirely new perspective on the alleged incompatibility between Aristotelian philosophy and the mathematical methods and principles that form the basis of modern science. It surveys the tradition of the Oxford Calculators from its beginnings in the fourteenth century until Leibniz and the philosophy of the seventeenth century and explores how their various techniques of quantification expanded the conceptual and methodological limits of Aristotelianism.
Book Synopsis Fearful Spirits, Reasoned Follies by : Michael D. Bailey
Download or read book Fearful Spirits, Reasoned Follies written by Michael D. Bailey and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superstitions are commonplace in the modern world. Mostly, however, they evoke innocuous images of people reading their horoscopes or avoiding black cats. Certain religious practices might also come to mind—praying to St. Christopher or lighting candles for the dead. Benign as they might seem today, such practices were not always perceived that way. In medieval Europe superstitions were considered serious offenses, violations of essential precepts of Christian doctrine or immutable natural laws. But how and why did this come to be? In Fearful Spirits, Reasoned Follies, Michael D. Bailey explores the thorny concept of superstition as it was understood and debated in the Middle Ages. Bailey begins by tracing Christian thinking about superstition from the patristic period through the early and high Middle Ages. He then turns to the later Middle Ages, a period that witnessed an outpouring of writings devoted to superstition—tracts and treatises with titles such as De superstitionibus and Contra vitia superstitionum. Most were written by theologians and other academics based in Europe’s universities and courts, men who were increasingly anxious about the proliferation of suspect beliefs and practices, from elite ritual magic to common healing charms, from astrological divination to the observance of signs and omens. As Bailey shows, however, authorities were far more sophisticated in their reasoning than one might suspect, using accusations of superstition in a calculated way to control the boundaries of legitimate religion and acceptable science. This in turn would lay the conceptual groundwork for future discussions of religion, science, and magic in the early modern world. Indeed, by revealing the extent to which early modern thinkers took up old questions about the operation of natural properties and forces using the vocabulary of science rather than of belief, Bailey exposes the powerful but in many ways false dichotomy between the "superstitious" Middle Ages and "rational" European modernity.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy by : Robert Pasnau
Download or read book The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy written by Robert Pasnau and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-19 with total page 1520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy comprises over fifty specially commissioned essays by experts on the philosophy of this period. Starting in the late eighth century, with the renewal of learning some centuries after the fall of the Roman Empire, a sequence of chapters takes the reader through developments in many and varied fields, including logic and language, natural philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, and theology. Close attention is paid to the context of medieval philosophy, with discussions of the rise of the universities and developments in the cultural and linguistic spheres. A striking feature is the continuous coverage of Islamic, Jewish, and Christian material. There are useful biographies of the philosophers, and a comprehensive bibliography. The volumes illuminate a rich and remarkable period in the history of philosophy and will be the authoritative source on medieval philosophy for the next generation of scholars and students alike.
Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Medieval Philosophy and Theology by : Stephen F. Brown
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Medieval Philosophy and Theology written by Stephen F. Brown and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition concentrates on various philosophers and theologians from the medieval Arabian, Jewish, and Christian worlds. It principally centers on authors such as Abumashar, Saadiah Gaon and Alcuin from the eighth century and follows the intellectual developments of the three traditions up to the fifteenth-century Ibn Khaldun, Hasdai Crescas and Marsilio Ficino. The spiritual journeys presuppose earlier human sources, such as the philosophy of Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, and Porphyry and various Stoic authors, the revealed teachings of the Jewish Law, the Koran and the Christian Bible. The Fathers of the Church, such as St. Augustine and Gregory the Great, provided examples of theology in their attempts to reconcile revealed truth and man’s philosophical knowledge and deserve attention as pre-medieval contributors to medieval intellectual life. Avicenna and Averroes, Maimonides and Gersonides, St. Thomas Aquinas and St. Bonaventure, stand out in the three traditions as special medieval contributors who deserve more attention. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of Medieval Philosophy and Theology contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on important persons, events, and concepts that shaped medieval philosophy and theology. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about medieval philosophy and theology.
Book Synopsis Geoffrey Chaucer in Context by : Ian Johnson
Download or read book Geoffrey Chaucer in Context written by Ian Johnson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a rich and varied reference resource, illuminating the different contexts for Chaucer and his work.
Book Synopsis A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages by : Jorge J. E. Gracia
Download or read book A Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages written by Jorge J. E. Gracia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference volume features essays by some of the most distinguished scholars in the field. Provides a comprehensive "who's who" guide to medieval philosophers. Offers a refreshing mix of essays providing historical context followed by 140 alphabetically arranged entries on individual thinkers. Constitutes an extensively cross-referenced and indexed source. Written by a distinguished cast of philosophers. Spans the history of medieval philosophy from the fourth century AD to the fifteenth century.
Book Synopsis A History of Natural Philosophy by : Edward Grant
Download or read book A History of Natural Philosophy written by Edward Grant and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural philosophy encompassed all natural phenomena of the physical world. It sought to discover the physical causes of all natural effects and was little concerned with mathematics. By contrast, the exact mathematical sciences were narrowly confined to various computations that did not involve physical causes, functioning totally independently of natural philosophy. Although this began slowly to change in the late Middle Ages, a much more thoroughgoing union of natural philosophy and mathematics occurred in the seventeenth century and thereby made the Scientific Revolution possible. The title of Isaac Newton's great work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, perfectly reflects the new relationship. Natural philosophy became the 'Great Mother of the Sciences', which by the nineteenth century had nourished the manifold chemical, physical, and biological sciences to maturity, thus enabling them to leave the 'Great Mother' and emerge as the multiplicity of independent sciences we know today.
Book Synopsis The A to Z of Medieval Philosophy and Theology by : Stephen F. Brown
Download or read book The A to Z of Medieval Philosophy and Theology written by Stephen F. Brown and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2010-03-23 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle Ages is often viewed as a period of low intellectual achievement. The name itself refers to the time between the high philosophical and literary accomplishments of the Greco-Roman world and the technological advances that were achieved and philosophical and theological alternatives that were formulated in the modern world that followed. However, having produced such great philosophers as Anselm, Peter Abelard, John Duns Scotus, William of Ockham, Peter Lombard, and the towering Thomas Aquinas, it hardly seems fair to label the medieval period as such. Examining the influence of ancient Greek philosophy as well as of the Arabian and Hebrew scholars who transmitted it, The A to Z of Medieval Philosophy and Theology presents the philosophy of the Christian West from the 9th to the early 17th century. This is accomplished through a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on the philosophers, concepts, issues, institutions, and events, making this an important reference for the study of the progression of human thought.
Download or read book Early Science and Medicine written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ordering the Heavens by : Bruce Eastwood
Download or read book Ordering the Heavens written by Bruce Eastwood and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2007 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on scores of medieval manuscript texts and diagrams, the book shows how Roman sources were used in the age of Charlemagne to reintroduce and expand a qualitative picture of articulated geometrical order in the heavens.
Book Synopsis The Astronomical Tables of Giovanni Bianchini by : José Chabás
Download or read book The Astronomical Tables of Giovanni Bianchini written by José Chabás and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alfonsine Tables became the main computing tool for astronomers for about 250 years, from their compilation in Toledo ca. 1272 to the edition in 1551 of new tables based on Copernicus’s astronomical models. It consisted of a set of astronomical tables which, over time, was presented in many different formats. Giovanni Bianchini (d. after 1469), an astronomer active in Ferrara, Italy, was among the few scholars of that extended period to compile a coherent and insightful set based on the Alfonsine Tables. His tables, described and analyzed here for the first time, played a remarkable role in the transmission of the Alfonsine Tables and in their transition from manuscript to print. Medieval and Early Modern Science, 10
Book Synopsis Science and Religion, 400 B.C. to A.D. 1550 by : Edward Grant
Download or read book Science and Religion, 400 B.C. to A.D. 1550 written by Edward Grant and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2006-03-10 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grant illuminates how today's scientific culture originated with the religious thinkers of the Middle Ages.
Book Synopsis Atomism in Late Medieval Philosophy and Theology by :
Download or read book Atomism in Late Medieval Philosophy and Theology written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-01-31 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a collective attempt to give a general survey of the development of atomism and its critics in the late Middle Ages. All the contributors focussed on the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries atomists and anti-atomists, with a thorough examination of some important figures, as Nicholas of Autrecourt or John Wyclif, and lesser known as Gerard of Odo or William Crathorn for example. From those essays on particular authors a new way of understanding the discussions of atomism in late medieval philosophy and theology emerges. This volume demonstrates the existence of strong and complicated connections between natural philosophy, mathematics and theology in the medieval discussions of the atomistic hypothesis. All chapters present a new research that will be of interest to historians of medieval philosophy, science and theology. Contributors include: Joël Biard, Sander W. de Boer, Jean Celeyrette, Christophe Grellard, Elżbieta Jung, Emily Michael, John E. Murdoch, Robert Podkoński, Aurélien Robert, and Rega Wood. Medieval and Early Modern Science, 9
Book Synopsis Scientific Values and Civic Virtues by : Noretta Koertge
Download or read book Scientific Values and Civic Virtues written by Noretta Koertge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of contributed essays, a follow-up to Noretta Koertge's successful book on the science wars, A House Built on Sand, takes an affirming, positive view of the relationship between the values embodied in science, and the nature of a civil society. It argues that recent attacks on the probity of science undermine the possibility of rational discourse in the political arena. While science has traditionally been viewed as incorporating intellectual virtues like honesty and precision of language, the contributors to this volume point to additional benefits, examining the idea that science can serve as a source of, and inspiration for, civic virtues--in the need to be well-informed about the way the world works, in tolerating the viewpoints of others, and in functioning as a fully global enterprise dedicated to the public good. The contributors--who include philosophers, political scientists, physicists, biologists and engineers--look at examples of scientific virtues in action and how they might be used as inspirations and practical resources for improving civic society. The volume will appeal to a similarly broad audience interested in the relationship between science and society.
Book Synopsis Nicole Oresme, Questiones Super Geometriam Euclidis by : Nicole Oresme
Download or read book Nicole Oresme, Questiones Super Geometriam Euclidis written by Nicole Oresme and published by Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH. This book was released on 2010 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicole Oresme (ca. 1320-1384) was one of the most important intellectual figures of the scholastic period: not only was he a leading philosopher, theologian, astronomer and mathematician, but he was also involved in practical matters - he was secretary to the king of France, he was bishop of Lisieux, and he was involved in the assessment of coins and associated political problems. He took part in the teaching of scholastic philosophy, writing numerous commentaries on Aristotle. His contributions to the so-called "latitude of forms", i.e. the quantification of qualities, are universally recognized in modern scholarship. Also connected with university education are his Questiones on the Elements of Euclid, the basic and most widely read of the Greek mathematical classics. These Questiones cannot be regarded as a commentary, but rather examine problems suggested by Euclid's text. Among the subjects investigated are the quantitative change of qualities, e.g. of velocity, colours or heat, in time. There are penetrating analyses of infinite and infinitesimal qualities.
