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Next Generation Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Network With High Capacity And Long Reach
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Book Synopsis Next Generation Wavelength-division-multiplexed Passive Optical Network with High Capacity and Long Reach by : Qi Guo
Download or read book Next Generation Wavelength-division-multiplexed Passive Optical Network with High Capacity and Long Reach written by Qi Guo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIB by : Y.C. Chung
Download or read book Optical Fiber Telecommunications VIB written by Y.C. Chung and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-05-11 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM PON) has long been considered as an ultimate solution for the future optical access network capable of providing practically unlimited bandwidth to each subscriber. On the other hand, it is still considered to be too expensive for the massive deployment. To solve this problem and meet the ever-increasing demand for bandwidth, there have been numerous efforts to improve the competitiveness of WDM PON. This chapter reviews the current status and future direction of these WDM PON technologies. We first review various colorless light sources, which are critical for the cost-effective implementation of the optical network units (ONUs), and several representative network architectures proposed for WDM PONs. We then review the recent research activities for the realization of high-speed (>10Gb/s) and long-reach WDM PONs. Various fault-monitoring and protection techniques are also reviewed as they can be increasingly important in the future high-capacity WDM PONs.
Book Synopsis Hybrid Optical Networks by : Umer Ashraf
Download or read book Hybrid Optical Networks written by Umer Ashraf and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-10 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In present scenario due to the advent of e-business, high definition television (HDTV), online shopping and gaming, the internet traffic is increasing exponentially particularly in the access part of the optical network. In order to secure future, service providers have introduced fiber as a means of communication because of its high information carrying capacity, low cost and long reach. Next Generation Networks belong to Optical domain. Among various Hybrid optical networks, combination of hybrid Wave Division Multiplexing and Optical Time Division Multiplexing (WDM/OTDM) is backward compatible, which makes it the best candidate for next generation optical networks. By clubbing the features of WDM and OTDM, hybrid WDM/OTDM model has been designed that can satisfy the need of Next Generation Passive Optical Networks (NG PON) to a large extend.
Book Synopsis 10GB/S Burst Mode Transmission in Long Reach Passive Optical Networks by : Cleitus Antony
Download or read book 10GB/S Burst Mode Transmission in Long Reach Passive Optical Networks written by Cleitus Antony and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long reach passive optical networks (PONs) are currently emerging as one of the leading candidates for the next generation of telecommunications access networks, which will provide end customers with future high bandwidth interactive and video-rich services. In order to satisfy future bandwidth demand in an economic fashion it is likely that PON technology will need to evolve dramatically from that which is commercially available today. In particular the reach of these networks will need to increase fivefold to around 100km and the supported data rates will jump by nearly an order of magnitude to around 10Gb/s. In this thesis a hybrid dense wavelength division multiplexed- time division multiple access passive optical network (DWDM-TDMA PON) suitable for use in next generation optical access networks is proposed and studied. In order to implement such challenging architectures new types of high speed, burst mode optical transmission techniques are required, which enable bandwidth sharing between users on the network. This project has developed these new burst mode techniques and sub-systems required to enable these new networks. The main aim of the investigations in this thesis are in overcoming all the physical layer challenges due to 10Gb/s burst mode nature of transmission in these types of networks. A range of investigations, both of a theoretical and experimental nature, such as the dynamics of optical amplifiers, interferometric noise mitigation, suppression of crosstalk from multiple sources, maximum transmission distance, etc., are carried out to optimise the performance of individual components as well as the fully integrated system. The suitability of hybrid DWDM-TDMA architectures as a cost effective solution for use in future optical access networks is verified through full-scale network demonstrations in an experimental long reach PON laboratory test-bed.
Book Synopsis Physical Layer Monitoring of Passive Optical Networks by : Maged A. Esmail
Download or read book Physical Layer Monitoring of Passive Optical Networks written by Maged A. Esmail and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to enable new services that require high data rates over longer distances, the optical ber substitutes the copper cable step by step in the access network area. Time division multiplexed-Passive optical network (TDM-PON) is a fast emerging architecture that uses only passive components between the customer and the central office. PON operators need a monitoring system for the physical layer to guarantee high service quality. This monitoring system is necessary during the ber installation, final network installation testing, regular operation of the network, and for fault localization. In this book, we present the motivations, requirements and challenges of TDM-PON monitoring. We made an exhaustive review and comparison of the monitoring techniques and systems for TDM-PON, mostly proposed within the last five years. We have discussed the open issues and future research perspectives in physical layer PON monitoring that may target higher performance, lower cost, or scalability to next generation PON architectures. This includes wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), TDM over WDM or long-reach PONs intended to extend the reach from 20 up to 100 km distances and beyond.
Book Synopsis WDM Technologies: Optical Networks by : Achyut K. Dutta
Download or read book WDM Technologies: Optical Networks written by Achyut K. Dutta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-09-04 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internet information (which is doubling every six months) travels through optical fibers. Today, optical fibers are being installed where a single fiber has the ability to carry information as much as 200 times faster than was possible just five years ago. This revolutionary capability is being achieved with technology known as wavelength division multiplexing WDM). WDM technology relies on the fact that optical fibers can carry many wavelengths of light simultaneously without interaction between each wavelength. Thus, a single fiber can carry many separate wavelength signals or channels simultaneously. The communications industry is at the onset of new expansion of WDM technology necessary to meet the new demand for bandwidth. WDM Technologies: Optical Networks deals with the Networks facet of this field (present and future). Allows engineers working in optical communications(from systems to components) to understand the principles and mechanics of each key component they deal with for optical system design Provides an excellent resource for engineers and researchers engaged in all aspects of fiber optic communications, such as optoelectronics, equipment/system design, and manufacturing Provides comprehensive coverage of key concepts in optical networks and their application in commercial systems
Book Synopsis Optically Amplified WDM Networks by : John Zyskind
Download or read book Optically Amplified WDM Networks written by John Zyskind and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-01-26 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of wavelength routing and dynamic, reconfigurable optical networks, new demands are being made in the design and operation of optical amplifiers. This book provides, for the first time, a comprehensive review of optical amplifier technology in the context of these recent advances in the field. It demonstrates how to manage the trade-offs between amplifier design, network architecture and system management and operation. The book provides an overview of optical amplifiers and reconfigurable networks before examining in greater detail the issues of importance to network operators and equipment manufacturers, including 40G and 100G transmission. Optical amplifier design is fully considered, focusing on fundamentals, design solutions and amplifier performance limitations. Finally, the book discusses other emerging applications for optical amplifiers such as optical networks for high data rate systems, free space systems, long single span links and optical digital networks. This book will be of great value to R&D engineers, network and systems engineers, telecommunications service providers, component suppliers, industry analysts, network operators, postgraduate students, academics and anyone seeking to understand emerging trends in optical networks and the consequent changes in optical amplifier design, features and applications. Provides an in depth and focused review of the new reconfigurable network architecture and its impact on optical amplifiers Addresses 40G and 100G transmission and networking Written by experts in the field with deep technical knowledge and practical experience of commercial practice and concerns
Book Synopsis Next-Generation Passive Optical Networks by : Ahmad R. Dhaini
Download or read book Next-Generation Passive Optical Networks written by Ahmad R. Dhaini and published by VDM Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and development on optical networks generally and on Passive Optical Networks (PON) particularly have matured considerably. The exponential increase in the demand for bandwidth has exposed many challenges in the "last mile" that remains the bottleneck in broadband access networks. Currently, Ethernet PON has emerged as the most inexpensive panacea, providing more bandwidth than Cable Modems and Digital Subscriber Lines. Nevertheless, providing fair and efficient Quality of Service (QoS) has always been a major issue due to the un-deterministic nature of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology and the limited 1 Gbps channel speed that EPON relies on; unlike backbone networks that uses the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology. This book instruments these challenges and issues and offers effective solutions. More specifically, it presents an upgrade from a TDM-PON to a Hybrid TDM/WDM-PON and proposes and validates the first framework that enables for per-stream QoS protection in EPON using a new fair QoS scheduler. The book addresses professionals in optical and access networks. It is also directed towards researchers who would like to get a novel fragrance of EPONs.
Book Synopsis The Emerging Optical Network by : International Engineering Consortium
Download or read book The Emerging Optical Network written by International Engineering Consortium and published by Intl. Engineering Consortiu. This book was released on 2000-12 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to help readers understand the very latest optical developments, technologies, architectures, and market trends driving the next-generation network, this comprehensive report of all-optical networks (AON) is a critical resource for any communications company that hopes to tackle today's optical networking challenge. The future of the AON remains uncertain, but the next-generation optical network promises to provide the bandwidth flexibility, reliability, and network-management functions required to enable end-to-end wavelength services.
Book Synopsis Optical Access Networks and Advanced Photonics: Technologies and Deployment Strategies by : Chochliouros, Ioannis P.
Download or read book Optical Access Networks and Advanced Photonics: Technologies and Deployment Strategies written by Chochliouros, Ioannis P. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-07-31 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book presents a comprehensive overview of emerging optical access network solutions to efficiently meet the anticipated growth in bandwidth demand"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Long Reach Passive Optical Networks by : Huan Song
Download or read book Long Reach Passive Optical Networks written by Huan Song and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advances in optical technology, the span of a broadband access network using Passive Optical Network (PON) technology can be increased from today's standard of 20 km to 100 km or higher. Such an extended-reach PON is known as Long-Reach PON (LR-PON). This technology can enable broadband access for a large number of customers in the access/metro area, while decreasing capital and operational expenditures for the network operator. Therefore, it is very desirable to comprehensively investigate this technology for future broadband access. This dissertation is dedicated to the research of architecture, management, and reliability of LR-PON. This dissertation first reviews the evolutionary path of access networks and shows the drivers from technology and business perspectives for high bandwidth and low cost. A variety of research challenges in this field is reviewed, from optical components in the physical layer to the control and management issues in the upper layers. We discuss the requisites for optical sources, optical amplifiers, and optical receivers in optical access networks with high transmission rate (10 Gbps) and large power attenuation (due to large split, transmission over 100 km and beyond, and propagation). We analyze the key topological structures to guarantee physical protection (e.g., tree-and-branch, ring-and-spur). Then, some relevant demonstrations of Long-Reach optical access networks developed worldwide by different research institutes are presented. A major challenge in LR-PON is that the propagation delay (for data as well as control signals) between the telecom central office (CO) and the end user is increased by a very significant amount. Now, traditional PON algorithms for scheduling the upstream transmission, such as dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) algorithms, may not be sufficient; actually, they may lead to degraded performance because of the long delay of the CO-to-Users "control loop". This challenge motivates us to propose and study a multi-thread polling algorithm to effectively and fairly distribute the upstream bandwidth dynamically. This algorithm exploits the benefits of having multiple polling processes running simultaneously and enabling users to send bandwidth requests before receiving acknowledgement from the CO. We compare the proposed algorithm with traditional DBA, and show its advantage on average packet delay. With the increased bandwidth requests from the expanding base of users, LR-PON should utilize the network resource (e.g., wavelengths, lasers, etc.) more effectively. We propose a new and efficient protocol to achieve better utilization of tunable lasers, as well as wavelength resources across different user groups in LR-PON. In order to accommodate downstream bursty traffic and provide Quality of Service (QoS) in the user-specified Service-Level Agreements (SLA), the protocol integrates our proposed SLA-aware bandwidth allocation scheme based on flow scheduling. We show the protocol's advantage to support incremental upgrade of bandwidth with increasing user bandwidth requests, and to provide a user with a SLA which guarantees a number of streaming flows with average bandwidth and maximum delay guarantee (e.g., 5 ms), as well as data flows with average bandwidth specifications. Since LR-PON serves a lot more users, a network failure may lead to a huge amount of data loss and negative user experience. Thus, to understand the importance of LR-PON survivability, we propose hardware-accelerated protection schemes for the LR-PON, incorporating the "ring-and-spur" structure to achieve fast protection-switching time, and automatic failure location at the Optical Line Terminal (OLT), which is located at the head end of the optical access network. We design the protection schemes for multiple network environments, e.g., unidirectional transmission vs. bidirectional transmission, and 1+1 protection vs. 1:1 protection. The numerical examples demonstrate that protection paths can be established within a few tens of ms after a failure occurs. This dissertation makes important contributions by studying novel architectures, protocols, and algorithms of LR-PON that will help to improve the next-generation telecom access networks.
Book Synopsis Energy-efficient Long-reach Passive Optical Networks by : Lei Shi
Download or read book Energy-efficient Long-reach Passive Optical Networks written by Lei Shi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To bring the high capacity of the optical fiber closer to the end users with affordable costs, passive optical network (PON) was introduced and developed as a promising access network technology over the past decade. Long-reach PON (LR-PON) extends the coverage span of PONs from the traditional 20 km range to 100 km, consolidates the multiple active sites and thus lowers the costs. Besides extending the reach, energy conservation, which is of growing concern today, gives LR-PON a brand new advantage over its competitors. In this dissertation, we focus on the intersection of these two topics, namely Energy-Efficient LR-PON. We present several distinct schemes with the potential for substantial energy savings under practical settings, while not significantly affecting the network's performance. We develop and evaluate novel architectures, protocols, and algorithms for a LR-PON to will help to improve the performance of next-generation telecom access networks. One major component of LR-PON is the optical line terminal (OLT), which is deployed in central offices. Specifically for energy savings in OLT, we propose a centralized network planning approach based on user behaviors. By considering the different network usage behaviors of different kinds of users, we develop an efficient user-assignment scheme in which users with complementary behaviors are assigned to the same network segment to share the bandwidth. This achieves high bandwidth utilization at all times, and reduces the number of wavelengths needed, thus lowing cost and energy usage. Heuristic searches can provide such assignments, and their approximate solutions are very close to the lower bound. We then extend our work to the network operation (i.e., traffic engineering) stage, where an energy-efficient dynamic wavelength allocation scheme is developed on the "ring-and-spur" LR-PON. This scheme enables a wavelength to be dropped dynamically at multiple remote nodes, making it possible for users in different network segments to share downstream capacity in a statistical multiplexing fashion. The wavelength allocation may also be dynamically changed according to the network traffic so that the OLT can efficiently utilize all operational wavelengths. The other major component of LR-PON is the optical network unit (ONU), a remote unit close to the users. We propose a service-level agreement (SLA)-based scheduling scheme, in which the sleep time of an ONU can be adjusted and the ONU can quit sleep mode to send high-priority packets. Our proposal solves the problems of slow transition of power from active mode to sleep mode in an ONU and the relatively large recovery and synchronization time needed during the wakeup process. The tradeoff in energy savings vs. delay performance is evaluated using simulations under practical power-consumption settings. We also study the effects of arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and erbium-doped-fiber amplifier (EDFA) on bit-error rate (BER) in LR-PON, and propose both short-term and long-term distance-aware wavelength allocation schemes to balance the BER among ONUs at different distances. Simulation results show that average BER improves and the relative standard deviation decreases.
Book Synopsis Ethernet Passive Optical Networks by : Glen Kramer
Download or read book Ethernet Passive Optical Networks written by Glen Kramer and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2005-03-22 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethernet Passive Optical Networks is the IEEE's (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) approved architecture of choice for the next generation of broadband access. Written by an author of the IEEE 802.3ah standard, this is the first book to explain the EPON architecture, analyze its performance, and annotate the standard. For any engineer or graduate student building equipment for broadband access or service provider offering such service, this will serve as the "authorized" guide to EPON.
Book Synopsis Next-Generation Optical Networks by : Lawrence Gasman
Download or read book Next-Generation Optical Networks written by Lawrence Gasman and published by Intl. Engineering Consortiu. This book was released on 2000-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the developments in optical networking, this guide covers the market for advanced optical communications products used by interexchange carriers (IXC)/internet service providers (ISP), incumbent local-exchange carriers (ILEC), competitive local-exchange carriers (CLEC), and cable-television (CATV) operators. The focus of this research report is on next-generation systems that include the new generation of synchronous optical network (SONET) systems, which offer more intelligence and lower cost than previous generations of such systems, and commercial products that have begun to embody the dream of an all-optical network. Both transmission and switching equipment are covered.
Book Synopsis Reconfigurable Technology for Future Optical Access Networks by : She-Hwa Yen
Download or read book Reconfigurable Technology for Future Optical Access Networks written by She-Hwa Yen and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiber-based access is recognized as the most promising technology for solving broadband bandwidth bottlenecks. Time division multiplexing passive optical networks (TDM-PONs) that are passive and non-reconfigurable are currently the most widely deployed type of fiber access networks. However, due to their passive nature, TDM-PONs faces several limitations such as inflexible service area coverage, lack of intelligence for control, and inability to counteract security attacks. In order to address the current limitations of optical access networks, we propose reconfigurable technologies for next generation PONs. Two novel reconfigurable technologies are proposed, analyzed, and experimentally evaluated. The first solution is a reconfigurable power-and wavelength- assignment technology based on a novel non-volatile, reconfiguration node. The proposed remote node can reconfigure the network to adapt it to varying degrees of deployment conditions and/or network attacks. Moreover, the proposed remote node incorporates a novel quasi-passive device that does not consume energy once it is reconfigured into a new latching state. Therefore, the proposed remote node has very low energy consumption and does not require local power supply to preserve the passive character of the distribution network. In particular, two novel quasi-passive optical power splitter technologies based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and transition metal oxide have been designed for the reconfigurable device. A simulation study shows the proposed reconfigurable device would outperform traditional passive splitter in terms of maximum number of supportable users under realistic deployment conditions. The second solution addresses the issue of reconfigurable network consolidation and infrastructure simplification. Current TDM-PONs suffers from limited reach and split-ratio. To enhance the performance in terms of service range and quality of service, reconfigurable network consolidation is a promising solution. It can also simplify the network and reduce cost. We propose the following novel reconfigurable technologies for consolidation and simplification of next generation access networks: (1) Passive reach-extension technology for the drop section of optical access networks; (2) Sleep mode ONUs for energy saving; (3) Centrally managed optical signature that can monitor and protect the upstream link; and (4) Multi-rate burst mode receivers. These reconfigurable technologies can bring the intelligence into optical access networks and improve the efficiency and flexibility for next generation optical access networks.
Book Synopsis Multiwavelength Optical LANs by : Georgios I. Papadimitriou
Download or read book Multiwavelength Optical LANs written by Georgios I. Papadimitriou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last thirty years or so it has been widely recognised in the research community that the key transmission medium seeming capable of serving both the ever-growing demand for bandwidth and the unceasing need for new services, is optical fibre. In this context, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is the most popular technique for introducing concurrency among multiple user transmissions into the network and, thus, exploiting the huge amount of fibre bandwidth available under the severe limitations imposed by electronics speed on the maximum network access rate. This book extensively covers an important research area in optical networking, enabling readers to fully understand the concepts of optical LANs and learn details of architecture issues and control protocols. Through its careful focus on the local area, the book, covers the major architectural, topological and protocol issues regarding optical Local Area Networks (LANs) today. Considering that constant advances on optical component technology make all-optical WDM LANs all the more feasible for a wide commercial deployment, the book investigates thoroughly the crucial latter topic, i.e. the Media-Access Control (MAC) protocols that should be used. Besides introducing a noteworthy part of the vast literature on such protocols and providing some helpful distinguishing key protocol characteristics, the book is also innovative in focusing on a recent significant class of promising protocols whose operation is based on network feedback information. In this way, these adaptive protocols for optical LANs achieve an overall higher performance in comparison with many other non-adaptive schemes. Multiwavelength Optical LANs: Enables readers to understand the concepts of optical LANs and learn details of architecture issues and control protocols Focuses on the major architectural, topological and protocol issues regarding optical local area networks Presents the important class of adaptive protocols for optical LANs No Optical systems/network developers, or engineers and scientists working in optical networking should be without this book. The well considered approach also makes this recommended reading for undergraduate and graduate computer science, computer, electrical and telecommunications engineering students.
Book Synopsis Optical Fiber Telecommunications Volume VIB by : Ivan Kaminow
Download or read book Optical Fiber Telecommunications Volume VIB written by Ivan Kaminow and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-05-11 with total page 1139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical Fiber Telecommunications VI (A&B) is the sixth in a series that has chronicled the progress in the R&D of lightwave communications since the early 1970s. Written by active authorities from academia and industry, this edition brings a fresh look to many essential topics, including devices, subsystems, systems and networks. A central theme is the enabling of high-bandwidth communications in a cost-effective manner for the development of customer applications. These volumes are an ideal reference for R&D engineers and managers, optical systems implementers, university researchers and students, network operators, and investors. Volume A is devoted to components and subsystems, including photonic integrated circuits, multicore and few-mode fibers, photonic crystals, silicon photonics, signal processing, and optical interconnections. Volume B is devoted to systems and networks, including advanced modulation formats, coherent detection, Tb/s channels, space-division multiplexing, reconfigurable networks, broadband access, undersea cable, satellite communications, and microwave photonics. All the latest technologies and techniques for developing future components and systems Edited by two winners of the highly prestigious OSA/IEEE John Tyndal award and a President of IEEE's Lasers & Electro-Optics Society (7,000 members) Written by leading experts in the field, it is the most authoritative and comprehensive reference on optical engineering on the market
