New Liquid Fuels Research And Development

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Direct Liquid Fuel Cells

Author : Ramiz Gültekin Akay
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128186240
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Direct Liquid Fuel Cells by : Ramiz Gültekin Akay

Download or read book Direct Liquid Fuel Cells written by Ramiz Gültekin Akay and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Liquid Fuel Cells is a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and specificities of the use of methanol, ethanol, glycerol, formic acid and formate, dimethyl ether, borohydride, hydrazine and other promising liquid fuels in fuel cells. Each chapter covers a different liquid fuel-based fuel cell such as: Anode catalysts of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), future system designs and future trends for direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs), development of catalysts for direct glycerol fuel cells (DGFCs), the mechanisms of the reactions taking place at the anode and cathode electrodes, and the reported anode catalysts for direct formic acid fuel cell (DFAFC) and direct formate fuel cell (DFFC), characteristics of direct dimethyl ether fuel cell (DDMEFC), including its electrochemical and operating systems and design, the developments in direct borohydride fuel cells, the development of catalysts for direct hydrazine fuel cells (DHFCs), and also the uncommonly used liquids that have a potential for fuel cell applications including 2-propanol, ethylene glycol, ascorbic acid and ascorbate studied in the literature as well as utilization of some blended fuels. In each part, the most recent literature is reviewed and the state of the art is presented. It also includes examples of practical problems with solutions and a summarized comparison of performance, advantages, and limitations of each type of fuel cell discussed. Direct Liquid Fuel Cells is not a typical textbook but rather designed as a reference book of which any level of students (undergraduate or graduate), instructors, field specialists, industry and general audience, who benefit from current and complete understanding of the many aspects involved in the development and operation of these types of fuel cells, could make use of any chapter when necessary. Presents information on different types of direct liquid fuel cells. Explores information under each section, for specific fuel-based fuel cells in more detail in terms of the materials used. Covers three main sections: direct alcohol, organic fuel-based and inorganic fuel-based fuel cells

Liquid Fuels as Jet Fuels and Propellants

Author : Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536143119
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Fuels as Jet Fuels and Propellants by : Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz

Download or read book Liquid Fuels as Jet Fuels and Propellants written by Mohammad Hossein Keshavarz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, it has been important for scientists and chemical industries to introduce and develop new liquid fuels as jet fuels and propellants for propulsion purposes. Different aspects should be considered for the selection of a good candidate such as combustion performance, desired physical properties, noncarcinogenic and less toxicity. New synthetic hydrocarbon fuels with favorable combustion performance and physical properties have been considered as desirable jet fuels. They can be used in aircrafts such as military jets because of their higher volumetric energy density. A liquid-propellant rocket uses liquid propellants for propulsion. Liquid propellants should have the desirable properties of high energy density per unit mass, high specific impulse, and short ignition delays. Hypergolic propellants as important classes of liquid propellants are characterized by spontaneous reaction upon fuel and oxidizer mixing and high energy yield. Moreover, they should be relatively ignitable and have a small ignition time delay. This book reviews some efforts that have been done to introduce new candidates to replace conventional hydrazine fuels because they are acutely toxic and suspected carcinogens, costly safety precautions and handling procedures are required. This book reviews the latest advances in liquid fuels, which may be used as jet fuels and liquid propellants. Important properties for assessment of a suitable liquid are demonstrated. This book can be used for graduate students in the field of chemistry and chemical engineering. It may also be useful for scientists and researchers who work on the development of new liquid fuels with high performance as well as those that are noncarcinogenic or have less toxicity.

Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition

Author : Sunggyu Lee
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 146659456X
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition by : Sunggyu Lee

Download or read book Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While strides are being made in the research and development of environmentally acceptable and more sustainable alternative fuels—including efforts to reduce emissions of air pollutants associated with combustion processes from electric power generation and vehicular transportation—fossil fuel resources are limited and may soon be on the verge of depletion in the near future. Measuring the correlation between quality of life, energy consumption, and the efficient utilization of energy, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition thoroughly examines the science and technology of alternative fuels and their processing technologies. It focuses specifically on environmental, technoeconomic, and socioeconomic issues associated with the use of alternative energy sources, such as sustainability, applicable technologies, modes of utilization, and impacts on society. Written with research and development scientists and engineers in mind, the material in this handbook provides a detailed description and an assessment of available and feasible technologies, environmental health and safety issues, governmental regulations, and issues and agendas for R&D. It also includes alternative energy networks for production, distribution, and consumption. What’s New in This Edition: Contains several new chapters of emerging interest and updates various chapters throughout Includes coverage of coal gasification and liquefaction, hydrogen technology and safety, shale fuel by hydraulic fracturing, ethanol from lignocellulosics, biodiesel, algae fuels, and energy from waste products Covers statistics, current concerns, and future trends A single-volume complete reference, the Handbook of Alternative Fuel Technologies, Second Edition contains relevant information on chemistry, technology, and novel approaches, as well as scientific foundations for further enhancements and breakthroughs. In addition to its purposes as a handbook for practicing scientists and engineers, it can also be used as a textbook or as a reference book on fuel science and engineering, energy and environment, chemical process design, and energy and environmental policy.

Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development

Download or read book Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Astronautics. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development, and the Subcommittee on Energy Of..., 93-2, Dec. 17, 1974

Download Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development, and the Subcommittee on Energy Of..., 93-2, Dec. 17, 1974 PDF Online Free

Author : United States. Congress. House. Science and Astronautics Committee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development, and the Subcommittee on Energy Of..., 93-2, Dec. 17, 1974 by : United States. Congress. House. Science and Astronautics Committee

Download or read book Synthetic Liquid Fuel Research and Development Act of 1974, Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Development, and the Subcommittee on Energy Of..., 93-2, Dec. 17, 1974 written by United States. Congress. House. Science and Astronautics Committee and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Carbon Management

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309075734
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbon Management by : National Research Council

Download or read book Carbon Management written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-09-15 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable international concerns exist about global climate change and its relationship to the growing use of fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide is released by chemical reactions that are employed to extract energy from fuels, and any regulatory policy limiting the amount of CO2 that could be released from sequestered sources or from energy-generating reactions will require substantial involvement of the chemical sciences and technology R&D community. Much of the public debate has been focused on the question of whether global climate change is occurring and, if so, whether it is anthropogenic, but these questions were outside the scope of the workshop, which instead focused on the question of how to respond to a possible national policy of carbon management. Previous discussion of the latter topic has focused on technological, economic, and ecological aspects and on earth science challenges, but the fundamental science has received little attention. This workshop was designed to gather information that could inform the Chemical Sciences Roundtable in its discussions of possible roles that the chemical sciences community might play in identifying and addressing underlying chemical questions.

Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications

Author : Cheng Tung Chong
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 012823072X
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications by : Cheng Tung Chong

Download or read book Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications written by Cheng Tung Chong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-27 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biojet fuels have the potential to make an important contribution towards decarbonising the aviation sector. Biojet Fuel in Aviation Applications: Production, Usage and Impact of Biofuels covers all aspects of this sustainable aviation fuel including aviation biofuel public policies, production technologies, physico-chemical properties, combustion performances, techno-economics of sustainable fuel production, sustainability and energywater-food (EWF) nexus. This must-have book also charts the current state of the industry by discussing the relevant industry players who are currently producing alternative aviation fuels and flight tests, while also providing a glimpse of the future of the industry. This comprehensive book is written for undergraduate students, postgraduate students, researchers, engineers and policy makers wanting to build up knowledge in the specific area of biojet fuel or the broader fields of sustainable energy and aeronautics. - Reviews major aviation and biojet fuel policies, legislations, initiatives and roadmaps around the world - Features existing and emerging biojet fuel production pathways from various feedstocks - Highlights the key properties of biojet fuels that ensures inter-operability with conventional jet aviation fuel - Discusses the economic aspects of the biojet fuel industry and the barriers preventing its commercialisation - Examines the sustainability of biojet fuel from a life cycle assessment, energy balance and EWF nexus point of views

Coal

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030911022X
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Coal by : National Research Council

Download or read book Coal written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal will continue to provide a major portion of energy requirements in the United States for at least the next several decades. It is imperative that accurate information describing the amount, location, and quality of the coal resources and reserves be available to fulfill energy needs. It is also important that the United States extract its coal resources efficiently, safely, and in an environmentally responsible manner. A renewed focus on federal support for coal-related research, coordinated across agencies and with the active participation of the states and industrial sector, is a critical element for each of these requirements. Coal focuses on the research and development needs and priorities in the areas of coal resource and reserve assessments, coal mining and processing, transportation of coal and coal products, and coal utilization.

The Hydrogen Economy

Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091632
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hydrogen Economy by : National Academy of Engineering

Download or read book The Hydrogen Economy written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The announcement of a hydrogen fuel initiative in the President's 2003 State of the Union speech substantially increased interest in the potential for hydrogen to play a major role in the nation's long-term energy future. Prior to that event, DOE asked the National Research Council to examine key technical issues about the hydrogen economy to assist in the development of its hydrogen R&D program. Included in the assessment were the current state of technology; future cost estimates; CO2 emissions; distribution, storage, and end use considerations; and the DOE RD&D program. The report provides an assessment of hydrogen as a fuel in the nation's future energy economy and describes a number of important challenges that must be overcome if it is to make a major energy contribution. Topics covered include the hydrogen end-use technologies, transportation, hydrogen production technologies, and transition issues for hydrogen in vehicles.

Fuels to Drive Our Future

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309041422
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuels to Drive Our Future by : National Research Council

Download or read book Fuels to Drive Our Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American love affair with the automobile is powered by gasoline and diesel fuel, both produced from petroleum. But experts are turning more of their attention to alternative sources of liquid transportation fuels, as concerns mount about U.S. dependence on foreign oil, falling domestic oil production, and the environment. This book explores the potential for producing liquid transportation fuels by enhanced oil recovery from existing reservoirs, and processing resources such as coal, oil shale, tar sands, natural gas, and other promising approaches. Fuels to Drive Our Future draws together relevant geological, technical, economic, and environmental factors and recommends specific directions for U.S. research and development efforts on alternative fuel sources. Of special interest is the book's benchmark cost analysis comparing several major alternative fuel production processes. This volume will be of special interest to executives and engineers in the automotive and fuel industries, policymakers, environmental and alternative fuel specialists, energy economists, and researchers.

Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309440998
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-08-09 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary human activities that release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere are the combustion of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and oil) to generate electricity, the provision of energy for transportation, and as a consequence of some industrial processes. Although aviation CO2 emissions only make up approximately 2.0 to 2.5 percent of total global annual CO2 emissions, research to reduce CO2 emissions is urgent because (1) such reductions may be legislated even as commercial air travel grows, (2) because it takes new technology a long time to propagate into and through the aviation fleet, and (3) because of the ongoing impact of global CO2 emissions. Commercial Aircraft Propulsion and Energy Systems Research develops a national research agenda for reducing CO2 emissions from commercial aviation. This report focuses on propulsion and energy technologies for reducing carbon emissions from large, commercial aircraftâ€" single-aisle and twin-aisle aircraft that carry 100 or more passengersâ€"because such aircraft account for more than 90 percent of global emissions from commercial aircraft. Moreover, while smaller aircraft also emit CO2, they make only a minor contribution to global emissions, and many technologies that reduce CO2 emissions for large aircraft also apply to smaller aircraft. As commercial aviation continues to grow in terms of revenue-passenger miles and cargo ton miles, CO2 emissions are expected to increase. To reduce the contribution of aviation to climate change, it is essential to improve the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to reduce emissions and initiate research into new approaches.

Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories

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Author : J. D. Gilchrist
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483151972
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories by : J. D. Gilchrist

Download or read book Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories written by J. D. Gilchrist and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories focuses on the sources and efficient use of energy available to modern industry. This book begins with the classification, properties, tests, and different kinds of fuels, as well as trends in fuel utilization. This text also tackles the generation and distribution of electricity from both chemical and nuclear energy sources. Subsequent chapters focus on the thermodynamics, physics, chemistry, and kinetics of combustion of fuels; the burner design; the heat transfer and flow of gases through furnaces and flues; and ways of controlling energy supply rates and temperatures. The refractory materials, which are heat-resisting substances, are also described.

Fischer-Tropsch Technology

Author : André Steynberg
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080472796
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Fischer-Tropsch Technology by : André Steynberg

Download or read book Fischer-Tropsch Technology written by André Steynberg and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-10-30 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fischer-Tropsch Technology is a unique book for its state-of-the-art approach to Fischer Tropsch (FT) technology. This book provides an explanation of the basic principles and terminology that are required to understand the application of FT technology. It also contains comprehensive references to patents and previous publications. As the first publication to focus on theory and application, it is a contemporary reference source for students studying chemistry and chemical engineering. Researchers and engineers active in the development of FT technology will also find this book an invaluable source of information. * Is the first publication to cover the theory and application for modern Fischer Tropsch technology * Contains comprehensive knowledge on all aspects relevant to the application of Fischer Tropsch technology* No other publication looks at past, present and future applications

Clean Coal Engineering Technology

Author : Bruce G. Miller
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080961169
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Clean Coal Engineering Technology by : Bruce G. Miller

Download or read book Clean Coal Engineering Technology written by Bruce G. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-11-15 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern over the effects of airborne pollution, green house gases, and the impact of global warming has become a worldwide issue that transcends international boundaries, politics, and social responsibility. The 2nd Edition of Coal Energy Systems: Clean Coal Technology describes a new generation of energy processes that sharply reduce air emissions and other pollutants from coal-burning power plants. Coal is the dirtiest of all fossil fuels. When burned, it produces emissions that contribute to global warming, create acid rain, and pollute water. With all of the interest and research surrounding nuclear energy, hydropower, and biofuels, many think that coal is finally on its way out. However, coal generates half of the electricity in the United States and throughout the world today. It will likely continue to do so as long as it's cheap and plentiful [Source: Energy Information Administration]. Coal provides stability in price and availability, will continue to be a major source of electricity generation, will be the major source of hydrogen for the coming hydrogen economy, and has the potential to become an important source of liquid fuels. Conservation and renewable/sustainable energy are important in the overall energy picture, but will play a lesser role in helping us satisfy our energy demands today. Dramatically updated to meet the needs of an ever changing energy market, Coal Energy Systems, 2nd Edition is a single source covering policy and the engineering involved in implementing that policy. The book addresses many coal-related subjects of interest ranging from the chemistry of coal and the future engineering anatomy of a coal fired plant to the cutting edge clean coal technologies being researched and utilized today. A 50% update over the first edition, this new book contains new chapters on processes such as CO2 capture and sequestration, Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems, Pulverized-Coal Power Plants and Carbon Emission Trading. Existing materials on worldwide coal distribution and quantities, technical and policy issues regarding the use of coal, technologies used and under development for utilizing coal to produce heat, electricity, and chemicals with low environmental impact, vision for utilizing coal well into the 21st century, and the security coal presents. - Clean Liquids and Gaseous Fuels from Coal for Electric Power - Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems - Pulverized-Coal Power Plants - Advanced Coal-Based Power Plants - Fluidized-Bed Combustion Technology - CO2 capture and sequestration

Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels and Chemicals

Author : Mark Crocker
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849732264
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels and Chemicals by : Mark Crocker

Download or read book Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels and Chemicals written by Mark Crocker and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing recognition that low-cost, high capacity processes for the conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals are essential for expanding the utilization of carbon neutral processes, reducing dependency on fossil fuel resources, and increasing rural income. While much attention has focused on the use of biomass to produce ethanol via fermentation, high capacity processes are also required for the production of hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. In this context, this book provides an up-to-date overview of the thermochemical methods available for biomass conversion to liquid fuels and chemicals. In addition to traditional conversion technologies such as fast pyrolysis, new developments are considered, including catalytic routes for the production of liquid fuels from carbohydrates and the use of ionic liquids for lignocellulose utilization. The individual chapters, written by experts in the field, provide an introduction to each topic, as well as describing recent research developments.

Biobased Industrial Products

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309175402
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Biobased Industrial Products by : National Research Council

Download or read book Biobased Industrial Products written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-16 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum-based industrial products have gradually replaced products derived from biological materials. However, biologically based products are making a comebackâ€"because of a threefold increase in farm productivity and new technologies. Biobased Industrial Products envisions a biobased industrial future, where starch will be used to make biopolymers and vegetable oils will become a routine component in lubricants and detergents. Biobased Industrial Products overviews the U.S. land resources available for agricultural production, summarizes plant materials currently produced, and describes prospects for increasing varieties and yields. The committee discusses the concept of the biorefinery and outlines proven and potential thermal, mechanical, and chemical technologies for conversion of natural resources to industrial applications. The committee also illustrates the developmental dynamics of biobased products through existing examples, as well as products still on the drawing board, and it identifies priorities for research and development.

Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Author : International Energy Agency
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 9264108831
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen and Fuel Cells by : International Energy Agency

Download or read book Hydrogen and Fuel Cells written by International Energy Agency and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2004 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen and fuel cells are vital technologies to ensure a secure and CO2-free energy future. Their development will take decades of extensive public and private effort to achieve technology breakthroughs and commercial maturity. Government research programs are indispensable for catalyzing the development process. This report maps the IEA countries' current efforts to research, develop and deploy the interlocking elements that constitute a "hydrogen economy", including CO2 capture and storage when hydrogen is produced out of fossil fuels. It provides an overview of what is being done, and by whom, covering an extensive complexity of national government R & D programs. The survey highlights the potential for exploiting the benefits of the international cooperation. This book draws primarily upon information contributed by IEA governments. In virtually all the IEA countries, important R & D and policy efforts on hydrogen and fuel cells are in place and expanding. Some are fully-integrated, government-funded programs, some are a key element in an overall strategy spread among multiple public and private efforts. The large amount of information provided in this publication reflects the vast array of technologies and logistics required to build the "hydrogen economy."--Publisher description.