Networking the Bloc

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780262347709
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (477 download)

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Book Synopsis Networking the Bloc by : Klara Kemp-Welch

Download or read book Networking the Bloc written by Klara Kemp-Welch and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the experimental zeitgeist in Eastern European art, seen through personal encounters, pioneering dialogues, collaborative projects, and cultural exchanges. Throughout the 1970s, a network of artists emerged to bridge the East-West divide, and the no less rigid divides between the countries of the Eastern bloc. Originating with a series of creative initiatives by artists, art historians, and critics and centered in places like Budapest, Poznan, and Prague, this experimental dialogue involved Western participation but is today largely forgotten in the West. In Networking the Bloc , Klara Kemp-Welch vividly recaptures this lost chapter of art history, documenting an elaborate web of artistic connectivity that came about through a series of personal encounters, pioneering dialogues, collaborative projects, and cultural exchanges. Countering the conventional Cold War narrative of Eastern bloc isolation, Kemp-Welch shows how artistic ideas were relayed among like-minded artists across ideological boundaries and national frontiers. Much of the work created was collaborative, and personal encounters were at its heart. Drawing on archival documents and interviews with participants, Kemp-Welch focuses on the exchanges and projects themselves rather than the personalities involved. Each of the projects she examines relied for its realization on a network of contributors. She looks first at the mobilization of the network, from 1964 to 1972, exploring five pioneering cases: a friendship between a Slovak artist and a French critic, an artistic credo, an exhibition, a conceptual proposition, and a book. She then charts a series of way stations for experimental art from the Soviet bloc between 1972 and 1976--points of distribution between studios, private homes, galleries, and certain cities. Finally, she investigates convergences--a succession of shared exhibitions and events in the second half of the 1970s in locations ranging from Prague to Milan to Moscow. Networking the Bloc , Kemp-Welch invites us to rethink the art of the late Cold War period from Eastern European perspectives.

Networking the Bloc

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262038307
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Networking the Bloc by : Klara Kemp-Welch

Download or read book Networking the Bloc written by Klara Kemp-Welch and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-02-12 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the experimental zeitgeist in Eastern European art, seen through personal encounters, pioneering dialogues, collaborative projects, and cultural exchanges. Throughout the 1970s, a network of artists emerged to bridge the East-West divide, and the no less rigid divides between the countries of the Eastern bloc. Originating with a series of creative initiatives by artists, art historians, and critics and centered in places like Budapest, Poznań, and Prague, this experimental dialogue involved Western participation but is today largely forgotten in the West. In Networking the Bloc, Klara Kemp-Welch vividly recaptures this lost chapter of art history, documenting an elaborate web of artistic connectivity that came about through a series of personal encounters, pioneering dialogues, collaborative projects, and cultural exchanges. Countering the conventional Cold War narrative of Eastern bloc isolation, Kemp-Welch shows how artistic ideas were relayed among like-minded artists across ideological boundaries and national frontiers. Much of the work created was collaborative, and personal encounters were at its heart. Drawing on archival documents and interviews with participants, Kemp-Welch focuses on the exchanges and projects themselves rather than the personalities involved. Each of the projects she examines relied for its realization on a network of contributors. She looks first at the mobilization of the network, from 1964 to 1972, exploring five pioneering cases: a friendship between a Slovak artist and a French critic, an artistic credo, an exhibition, a conceptual proposition, and a book. She then charts a series of way stations for experimental art from the Soviet bloc between 1972 and 1976—points of distribution between studios, private homes, galleries, and certain cities. Finally, she investigates convergences—a succession of shared exhibitions and events in the second half of the 1970s in locations ranging from Prague to Milan to Moscow. Networking the Bloc, Kemp-Welch invites us to rethink the art of the late Cold War period from Eastern European perspectives.

Around the Bloc

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Author :
Publisher : Villard
ISBN 13 : 0307414612
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Around the Bloc by : Stephanie Elizondo Griest

Download or read book Around the Bloc written by Stephanie Elizondo Griest and published by Villard. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desperate to escape South Texas, Stephanie Elizondo Griest dreamed of becoming a foreign correspondent. So she headed to Russia looking for some excitement—commencing what would become a four-year, twelve-nation Communist bloc tour that shattered her preconceived notions of the “Evil Empire.” In Around the Bloc, Griest relates her experiences as a volunteer at a children’s shelter in Moscow, a propaganda polisher at the office of the Chinese Communist Party’s English-language mouthpiece in Beijing, and a belly dancer among the rumba queens of Havana. She falls in love with an ex-soldier who narrowly avoided radiation cleanup duties at Chernobyl, hangs out with Cuban hip-hop artists, and comes to difficult realizations about the meaning of democracy. is the absorbing story of a young journalist driven by a desire to witness the effects of Communism. Along the way, she learns the Russian mathematical equation for buying dinner-party vodka (one bottle per guest, plus an extra), stumbles upon Beijing’s underground gay scene, marches with 100,000 mothers demanding Elián González’s return to Cuba, and gains a new appreciation for the Mexican culture she left behind.

Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351034405
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe by : Katarzyna Murawska-Muthesius

Download or read book Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe written by Katarzyna Murawska-Muthesius and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imaging and Mapping Eastern Europe puts images centre stage and argues for the agency of the visual in the construction of Europe’s east as a socio-political and cultural entity. This book probes into the discontinuous processes of mapping the eastern European space and imaging the eastern European body. Beginning from the Renaissance maps of Sarmatia Europea, it moves onto the images of women in ethnic dress on the pages of travellers’ reports from the Balkans, to cartoons of children bullied by dictators in the satirical press, to Cold War cartography, and it ends with photos of protesting crowds on contemporary dust jackets. Studying the eastern European ‘iconosphere’ leads to the engagement with issues central for image studies and visual culture: word and image relationship, overlaps between the codes of othering and self-fashioning, as well as interaction between the diverse modes of production specific to cartography, travel illustrations, caricature, and book cover design. This book will be of interest to scholars in art history, visual culture, and central Asian, Russian and Eastern European studies.

Central Banks in Organizational Networks

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000610330
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Central Banks in Organizational Networks by : Christoph F-D. Wu

Download or read book Central Banks in Organizational Networks written by Christoph F-D. Wu and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-13 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This inter-disciplinary and wide-ranging study unravels the social processes of decision-making at the interface of central banks and financial market participants, and thereby raises important questions about responsible central bank governance and its obligations to stakeholders in society. The book challenges commonly held assumptions on how central banking works and critically assesses unconventional monetary policy and its underlying theoretical tenets. Drawing from rich, multi-sited fieldwork and data collection, this research monograph offers an in-depth look into the financial market practices around the quantitative easing programmes of the European Central Bank and focuses on the uneasy role of modern central banks as active market participants. The author introduces concepts from social network theory and develops a novel method to study organisational networks in the context of financial markets. An analysis of the European Central Bank’s social, organisational and financial networks is sketched over the course of multiple chapters. The concluding chapters dive into documentary analysis and the extensive material from qualitative interviews with senior investment professionals about the strategies and adaptive processes around the lived experience of quantitative easing. The winner of the British Sociological Association’s prestigious Philip Abrams Memorial Prize, this book is a vital resource for social scientists researching organisations in financial markets, providing theory, concepts, empirical data and practical implications. It will be of interest to academics and graduate students in economics, sociology and management/organisation studies, as well as practitioners at central banks and in asset management.

Behind the Curtain

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Publisher : Orion
ISBN 13 : 1409109046
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Behind the Curtain by : Jonathan Wilson

Download or read book Behind the Curtain written by Jonathan Wilson and published by Orion. This book was released on 2012-04-09 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Epic... Wilson writes captivatingly with humour...anyone with an interest in eastern European sport will be consulting this book for years to come' FINANCIAL TIMES 'This fascinating and perceptive travelogue includes a fine collection of anecdotes too colourful for fiction' SUNDAY TIMES 'A blissful book, lovingly and stylishly written' DAILY TELEGRAPH From the war-ravaged streets of Sarajevo, where turning up for training involved dodging snipers' bullets, to the crumbling splendour of Budapest's Bozsik Stadium, where the likes of Puskás and Kocsis masterminded the fall of England, the landscape of Eastern Europe has changed immeasurably since the fall of communism. Jonathan Wilson has travelled extensively behind the old Iron Curtain, viewing life beyond the fall of the Berlin Wall through the lens of football. Where once the state-controlled teams of the Eastern bloc passed their way with crisp efficiency - a sort of communist version of total football - to considerable success on the European and international stages, today the beautiful game in the East has been opened up to the free market, and throughout the region a sense of chaos pervades. The threat of totalitarian interference no longer remains; but in its place mafia control is generally accompanied with a crippling lack of funds. In BEHIND THE CURTAIN Jonathan Wilson goes in search of the spirit of Hungary's 'Golden Squad' of the early fifties, charts the disintegration of the footballing superpower that was the former Yugoslavia, follows a sorry tale of corruption, mismanagement and Armenian cognac through the Caucasuses, reopens the case of Russia's greatest footballer, Eduard Streltsov, and talks to Jan Tomaszewski about an autumn night at Wembley in 1973...

Research Methods in Social Network Analysis

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Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781412833141
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (331 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Methods in Social Network Analysis by : Linton C. Freeman

Download or read book Research Methods in Social Network Analysis written by Linton C. Freeman and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of Herbert Spencer's Principles of Sociology in 1875, the use of social structure as a defining concept has produced a large body of creative speculations, insights, and intuitions about social life. However, writers in this tradition do not always provide the sorts of formal definitons and propositions that are the building blocks of modern social research. In its broad-ranging examination of the kind of data that form the basis for the systematic study of social structure, Research Methods in Social Network Analysis marks a significant methodological advance in network studies. As used in this volume, social structure refers to a bundle of intuitive natural language ideas and concepts about patterning in social relationships among people. In contrast, social networks is used to refer to a collection of precise analytic and methodological concepts and procedures that facilitate the collection of data and the systematic study of such patterning. Accordingly, the book's five sections are arranged to address analytical problems in a series of logically ordered stages or processes. The major contributors define the fundamental modes by which social structural phenomena are to be represented; how boundaries to a social structure are set; how the relations of a network are measured in terms of structure and content; the ways in which the relational structure of a network affects system actors; and how actors within a social network are clustered into cliques or groups. The chapters in the last section build on solutions to problems proposed in the previous sections. This highly unified approach to research design combined with a representative diversity of viewpoints makes Research Methods in Social Network Analysis a state-of-the-art volume.

Covert Network

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Publisher : M.E. Sharpe
ISBN 13 : 9781563245503
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (455 download)

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Book Synopsis Covert Network by : Eric Thomas Chester

Download or read book Covert Network written by Eric Thomas Chester and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 1995 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of the International Rescue Committee (IRC), an organisation founded by democratic socialists in the 1930s to help the victims of Facism in the post-World War II years, and its connections with the US intelligence community.

Civil Society

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Publisher : LIT Verlag Münster
ISBN 13 : 3825805336
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil Society by : Mark Herkenrath

Download or read book Civil Society written by Mark Herkenrath and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While contributing to social inequality and environmental degradation, recent global transformations have also strengthened civil society groups opposing these trends. Yet, as they need to transform the existing social order from within, groups struggling for social justice face various strategic dilemmas. The articles in this volume examine these dilemmas and discuss possible solutions. Issues addressed include North-South disparities in what has been called "global civil society", and the precarious division of labor between local grassroots organizers and transnational coalition-builders.

Networking Futures

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Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822342694
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Networking Futures by : Jeffrey S. Juris

Download or read book Networking Futures written by Jeffrey S. Juris and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-09 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an ethnographic account of how the anti-corporate globalization movement uses new technologies to organise itself, written by a participant im many of the biggest demonstrations of recent years. In addition to this, Juris provides a history of the movement and traces its roots.

Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319679104
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks by : Antonio Puliafito

Download or read book Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks written by Antonio Puliafito and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Ad-hoc, Mobile, and Wireless Networks, ADHOC-NOW 2017, held in Messina, Italy, in September 2017. The 22 full and 9 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The contributions were organized in topical sections named: internet of things; security; smart city; ad-hoc networks; implementations and validations; wireless sensor networks; data management; wireless systems.

Linking Networks: The Formation of Common Standards and Visions for Infrastructure Development

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317104854
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Linking Networks: The Formation of Common Standards and Visions for Infrastructure Development by : Hans-Liudger Dienel

Download or read book Linking Networks: The Formation of Common Standards and Visions for Infrastructure Development written by Hans-Liudger Dienel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting recent research on the international integration of infrastructures in Europe, this book combines general and methodological chapters and examples from different a variety of sectors such as transport, electricity and communication networks. Particular focus is on the contrast between the 'Europe of nation states' of the nineteenth century (up to 1914) and the emerging 'integrated Europe' after World War II. Additional contributions provide perspectives from beyond Europe. The wide range of topics gives a good overview of the different challenges posed and the strategies employed in each sector to establish internationally compatible networks, procedures and standards. This work strengthens comparative research as a complement to the detailed analysis of singular cases that often characterises previous works in this field. Methodologically, it therefore contributes to the progress of tools and strategies for comparative historical research. Part of the emerging research area dealing with the mechanisms of international collaboration, this book brings together recent research from European integration history, policy studies, political economy and cultural studies. Considering the growing intensity of international collaboration and exchange in many parts of social and economic life, it is also of topical interest.

Enabling Blockchain Technology for Secure Networking and Communications

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799858413
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Enabling Blockchain Technology for Secure Networking and Communications by : Ben Mnaouer, Adel

Download or read book Enabling Blockchain Technology for Secure Networking and Communications written by Ben Mnaouer, Adel and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-06-11 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the surge of blockchain technology has been rising due to is proven reliability in ensuring secure and effective transactions, even between untrusted parties. Its application is broad and covers public and private domains varying from traditional communication networks to more modern networks like the internet of things and the internet of energy crossing fog and edge computing, among others. As technology matures and its standard use cases are established, there is a need to gather recent research that can shed light on several aspects and facts on the use of blockchain technology in different fields of interest. Enabling Blockchain Technology for Secure Networking and Communications consolidates the recent research initiatives directed towards exploiting the advantages of blockchain technology for benefiting several areas of applications that vary from security and robustness to scalability and privacy-preserving and more. The chapters explore the current applications of blockchain for networking and communications, the future potentials of blockchain technology, and some not-yet-prospected areas of research and its application. This book is ideal for practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the concepts of blockchain technology and the potential and pitfalls of its application in different utilization domains.

Global Civil Society 2005/6

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Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 184787780X
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (478 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Civil Society 2005/6 by : Helmut K Anheier

Download or read book Global Civil Society 2005/6 written by Helmut K Anheier and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2005-10-18 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ′This fifth Global Civil Society Yearbook continues the intellectual shaping of an emerging global civil society. As the Global Call for Action on Poverty, G-Cap, makes its voice heard under the whiteband symbol, this analysis of current issues of migration, climate change and UN reform, with a focus on gender and social movements, provides a timely intellectual resource to strengthen shared commitments′ - Mary Robinson ′These annual volumes have themselves become an occasion for enacting global civil society: each Yearbook is a project that involves hundreds of people around the world in various ways... and they often fight it out around divergent understandings of critical issues. This volume enters the extreme zones we face today - the growing injustices which increasingly are only addressed by global civil society actors, but also the powerful innovations brought about by new technologies that can construct whole new global spaces for global civil society′ - Saskia Sassen ′It is increasingly difficult to recall memorable analyses of international social movements before GCS. But after half a decade each annual issue is not only a magnum opus but is also definitive, distinctive & comparative. The study of global civil society can never be the same!′ - Timothy M Shaw, Professor of Commonwealth Governance & Development & Director, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London The annual Global Civil Society Yearbooks provide an indispensable guide to global civil society or civic participation and action around the world. Each yearbook includes commissioned contributions from leading commentators across the social sciences on the latest issues and developments. Each yearbook also explores and presents the latest approaches to measuring and analyzing global civil society and provides a chronology of key global civil society events in the year. The 2005/6 Yearbook explores the role of gender in global civil society and investigates the core issues of labour migration, climate change and UN reform. In part three, contributions consider the impact of social forums and wireless technology, as well as reviewing the discussion of networks from the 2004/5 Yearbook. Illustrated throughout with summaries, maps, figures, tables and photographs and encompassing regular features such as updates on previous editions and the annual data reports, the Global Civil Society Yearbook remains the standard work on all aspects of contemporary global civil society for activists, practitioners, students and academics alike. It is essential reading for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the key actors, forms and manifestations of global civil society around the world today.

European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031073223
Total Pages : 1078 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring by : Piervincenzo Rizzo

Download or read book European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring written by Piervincenzo Rizzo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-21 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) and more broadly in the fields of smart materials and intelligent systems, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 10th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (EWSHM), held in Palermo, Italy on July 4-7, 2022. The volume covers highly diverse topics, including signal processing, smart sensors, autonomous systems, remote sensing and support, UAV platforms for SHM, Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, and SHM for civil structures and infrastructures. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

Empire of Friends

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501735586
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Empire of Friends by : Rachel Applebaum

Download or read book Empire of Friends written by Rachel Applebaum and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The familiar story of Soviet power in Cold War Eastern Europe focuses on political repression and military force. But in Empire of Friends, Rachel Applebaum shows how the Soviet Union simultaneously promoted a policy of transnational friendship with its Eastern Bloc satellites to create a cohesive socialist world. This friendship project resulted in a new type of imperial control based on cross-border contacts between ordinary citizens. In a new and fascinating story of cultural diplomacy, interpersonal relations, and the trade of consumer-goods, Applebaum tracks the rise and fall of the friendship project in Czechoslovakia, as the country evolved after World War II from the Soviet Union's most loyal satellite to its most rebellious. Throughout Eastern Europe, the friendship project shaped the most intimate aspects of people's lives, influencing everything from what they wore to where they traveled to whom they married. Applebaum argues that in Czechoslovakia, socialist friendship was surprisingly durable, capable of surviving the ravages of Stalinism and the Soviet invasion that crushed the 1968 Prague Spring. Eventually, the project became so successful that it undermined the very alliance it was designed to support: as Soviets and Czechoslovaks got to know one another, they discovered important cultural and political differences that contradicted propaganda about a cohesive socialist world. Empire of Friends reveals that the sphere of everyday life was central to the construction of the transnational socialist system in Eastern Europe—and, ultimately, its collapse.

Youth and Rock in the Soviet Bloc

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Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739178237
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth and Rock in the Soviet Bloc by : William Jay Risch

Download or read book Youth and Rock in the Soviet Bloc written by William Jay Risch and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youth and Rock in the Soviet Bloc explores the rise of youth as consumers of popular culture and the globalization of popular music in Russia and Eastern Europe. This collection of essays challenges assumptions that Communist leaders and Western-influenced youth cultures were inimically hostile to one another. While initially banning Western cultural trends like jazz and rock-and-roll, Communist leaders accommodated elements of rock and pop music to develop their own socialist popular music. They promoted organized forms of leisure to turn young people away from excesses of style perceived to be Western. Popular song and officially sponsored rock and pop bands formed a socialist beat that young people listened and danced to. Young people attracted to the music and subcultures of the capitalist West still shared the values and behaviors of their peers in Communist youth organizations. Despite problems providing youth with consumer goods, leaders of Soviet bloc states fostered a socialist alternative to the modernity the capitalist West promised. Underground rock musicians thus shared assumptions about culture that Communist leaders had instilled. Still, competing with influences from the capitalist West had its limits. State-sponsored rock festivals and rock bands encouraged a spirit of rebellion among young people. Official perceptions of what constituted culture limited options for accommodating rock and pop music and Western youth cultures. Youth countercultures that originated in the capitalist West, like hippies and punks, challenged the legitimacy of Communist youth organizations and their sponsors. Government media and police organs wound up creating oppositional identities among youth gangs. Failing to provide enough Western cultural goods to provincial cities helped fuel resentment over the Soviet Union’s capital, Moscow, and encourage support for breakaway nationalist movements that led to the Soviet Union’s collapse in 1991. Despite the Cold War, in both the Soviet bloc and in the capitalist West, political elites responded to perceived threats posed by youth cultures and music in similar manners. Young people participated in a global youth culture while expressing their own local views of the world.