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Nature Of The Buildup To Detonation In Solid High Explosives During Plane Shock Initiation Pbx 9404 And Pbx 9502
Download Nature Of The Buildup To Detonation In Solid High Explosives During Plane Shock Initiation Pbx 9404 And Pbx 9502 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Nature Of The Buildup To Detonation In Solid High Explosives During Plane Shock Initiation Pbx 9404 And Pbx 9502 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Nature of the Buildup to Detonation in Solid High Explosives During Plane Shock Initiation. [PBX-9404 and PBX-9502]. by :
Download or read book Nature of the Buildup to Detonation in Solid High Explosives During Plane Shock Initiation. [PBX-9404 and PBX-9502]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two models for the initiation process are compared to results of experimental studies of initiation of detonation in two high explosives, PBX-9404 (HMX-based) and PBX-9502 (TATB-based), by sustained shock waves. A critical examination of the model known as single-curve buildup is made. Several comparisons are made with experimental results for the two explosives. The model describes the observed shock trajectories moderately well although it has some limitations. These are manifested by an examination of the relation between input pressure and distance of run to detonation. The data are also compared with model solutions for the initiation process which assume self-similar flow. The model can fit the experimental shock trajectory reasonably well but difficulties are encountered in attempting to complete the solution for the entire flow field. For PBX-9404, published pressure-time profiles are examined for self-similar character. The measured profiles show substantial disagreement with the similarity model.
Book Synopsis Initiation of Preshocked High Explosives PBX-9404, PBX-9502, PBX-9501, Monitored with In-material Magnetic Gauging by :
Download or read book Initiation of Preshocked High Explosives PBX-9404, PBX-9502, PBX-9501, Monitored with In-material Magnetic Gauging written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desensitization of explosives by preshocking is being studied using the well-supported plane shock waves generated by a gas gun. Evolution of the waves in the explosive is monitored using in-material multiple magnetic gauges to measure particle velocity in the lagrangian frame, over ≈ 3[mu]s of run. PBX-9404, PBX-9502 have been studied, at pressures up to 10.5 GPa. A substantial extension of the run to detonation is observed in PBX-9404, with the run beginning approximately at the end of the preshocked region. A reactive wave is observed while the preshock persists in both PBX-9404 and PBX-9501, but evidently does not contribute to the detonation wave or shorten the run to detonation. PBX-9502 is inert at pressures accessible with the gas gun, but serves to clarify the progress of multiple shocks over the off-Hugoniot EOS surface and the shock dynamics of wave coalescence.
Book Synopsis Publications of Los Alamos Research by : Los Alamos National Laboratory
Download or read book Publications of Los Alamos Research written by Los Alamos National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Initiation of Propagating Detonations by :
Download or read book Initiation of Propagating Detonations written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The initiation of propagating detonation in PBS 9404, PBX 9502, and X0219 by hemispheric intiators of PBX 9404, 1.8 g/cm3-TATB, and X0351 is described numerically, using the two-dimensional Lagrangian code, 2DL, and the Forest Fire rate to describe the heterogeneous explosive shock initiation process. The initiation of propagating detonation in the insensitive explosive PBX 9502 by triple-shock-wave interaction from three initiators has been modeled using the three-dimensional, reactive, Eulerian hydrodynamicd code, 3DE.
Book Synopsis Toward Detonation Theory by : Anatoly N. Dremin
Download or read book Toward Detonation Theory written by Anatoly N. Dremin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is known that the Chapman-Jouguet theory of detonation is based on the assumption of an instantaneous and complete transformation of explosives into detonation products in the wave front. Therefore, one should not expect from the theory any interpretations of the detonation limits, such as shock initiation of det onation and kinetic instability and propagation (failure diameter). The Zeldovich-Von Neuman-Doring (ZND) theory of detonation appeared, in fact, as a response to the need for a theory capable of interpreting such limits, and the ZND detonation theory gave qualitative interpretations to the detonation limits. These interpretations were based essentially on the theoretical notion that the mechanism of explosives transformation at detonation is a combustion of a layer of finite thickness of shock-compressed explosive behind the wave shock front with the velocity of the front. However, some experimental findings turned out to be inconsistent with the the ory. A very small change of homogeneous (liquid) explosives detonation velocity with explosive charge diameter near the rather sizable failure diameter is one of the findings. The elucidation of the nature of this finding has led to the discovery of a new phenomenon. This phenomenon has come to be known as the breakdown (BD) of the explosive self-ignition behind the front of shock waves under the effect of rarefaction waves.
Book Synopsis Detonation of Condensed Explosives by : Roger Cheret
Download or read book Detonation of Condensed Explosives written by Roger Cheret and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work marks a stage in the evolution of a scientific and technical field which has been developed by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) over several decades. Many members of the staff of the CEA have won re nown in this field, and their work has brought it to the high degree of excel lence for which it is internationally recognized today. These scientists had to consider every aspect of the field, as it concerned: modeling, which has recourse to fluid thermodynamics, molecular phys ics, and chemistry; numerical evaluation, which relies on mathematical analysis and data processing; and experiments in the firing area, which require specific stress generators and instrumentation. Whilst this book is a testament to the activity and success of staff of the CEA, it also reviews a number ofthe advances made in the discipline. How ever, it is not intended to be an exhaustive account of those advances; it is assumed that the reader can, if desired, consult the standard monographs, and more recent, more specialized works (notably W.C. Davis and W. Fickett, and C.L. Mader). The history of the discipline is interesting in itself, and also as an illustra tion of the causes which lead to progress in a coherent body of scientific work. I should like to make some comments on this progress, of which there is a fascinating summary in the introduction, and which will figure largely throughout the work.
Book Synopsis Preshock Desensitization of PBX Explosives by :
Download or read book Preshock Desensitization of PBX Explosives written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preshocking delays initiation of PBX-9404 and PBX-9501, relative to unshocked material. In PBX-9404 preshock experiments, a first shock of 2.3 GPa was followed 0.65 [mu]s later by a second shock of 5.6 GPa. In PBX-9501, a preshock of 2.8 GPa and 0.32 us duration was followed by an initiating shock of 6.0 GPA. Both PBX explosives show clear desensitization while the preshock persists. In PBX-9404, initiation of detonation occurs nearly as anticipated for the material, after coalescence of the preshock and main shock into a single wave. Multiple embedded magnetic gauges were used to measure the shock histories. Our data indicates a slightly longer run to detonation than expected, even though a single wave is initiating the material. A slight stress reduction at coalescence, as required by the shock dynamics, may be responsible for the overrun. A reactive waste is clearly evident while the preshock persists. The long run to detonation indicates that this reactive wave is not driving the initiation. A set of four preshock experiments were preformed on PBX-9502, which is unreactive at these pressures, to investigate the shock dynamics of the two waves in the HE.
Book Synopsis Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library, Vol. 5 by : Blaine Asay
Download or read book Shock Wave Science and Technology Reference Library, Vol. 5 written by Blaine Asay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-24 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los Alamos National Laboratory is an incredible place. It was conceived and born amidst the most desperate of circumstances. It attracted some of the most brilliant minds, the most innovative entrepreneurs, and the most c- ative tinkerers of that generation. Out of that milieu emerged physics and engineering that beforehand was either unimagined, or thought to be f- tasy. One of the ?elds essentially invented during those years was the science of precision high explosives. Before 1942, explosives were used in munitions and commercial pursuits that demanded proper chemistry and con?nement for the necessary e?ect, but little else. The needs and requirements of the Manhattan project were of a much more precise and speci?c nature. Spatial and temporal speci?cations were reduced from centimeters and milliseconds to micrometers and nanoseconds. New theory and computational tools were required along with a raft of new experimental techniques and novel ways of interpreting the results. Over the next 40 years, the emphasis was on higher energy in smaller packages, more precise initiation schemes, better and safer formulations, and greater accuracy in forecasting performance. Researchers from many institutions began working in the emerging and expanding ?eld. In the midst of all of the work and progress in precision initiation and scienti?c study, in the early 1960s, papers began to appear detailing the ?rst quantitative studies of the transition from de?agration to detonation (DDT), ?rst in cast, then in pressed explosives, and ?nally in propellants.
Book Synopsis The Hydrodynamic Hot Spot and Shock Initiation of Homogeneous Explosives by : Charles L. Mader
Download or read book The Hydrodynamic Hot Spot and Shock Initiation of Homogeneous Explosives written by Charles L. Mader and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Detonation Phenomenon by : John H. S. Lee
Download or read book The Detonation Phenomenon written by John H. S. Lee and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-30 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the detonation phenomenon in explosives. It is ideal for engineers and graduate students with a background in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. The material is mostly qualitative, aiming to illustrate the physical aspects of the phenomenon. Classical idealized theories of detonation waves are presented first. These permit detonation speed, gas properties ahead of and behind the detonation wave, and the distribution of fluid properties within the detonation wave itself to be determined. Subsequent chapters describe in detail the real unstable structure of a detonation wave. One-, two-, and three-dimensional computer simulations are presented along with experimental results using various experimental techniques. The important effects of confinement and boundary conditions and their influence on the propagation of a detonation are also discussed. The final chapters cover the various ways detonation waves can be formed and provide a review of the outstanding problems and future directions in detonation research.
Book Synopsis Initiation and Growth of Explosion in Liquids and Solids by : Frank Philip Bowden
Download or read book Initiation and Growth of Explosion in Liquids and Solids written by Frank Philip Bowden and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1985-10-24 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the research of Bowden, Yoffe and their collaborators on explosive initiation. What Bowden and Yoffe showed was that explosives are ignited almost invariably by thermal processes and though other processes have been identified their work still holds.
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Shock Initiation Study of PBX-9404 by :
Download or read book Shock Initiation Study of PBX-9404 written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pressure-field histories during the sustained and short-duration shock initiation of PBX-9404 explosive (plastic-bonded HMX) have been determined with embedded Manganin gauges. Numerical integration of the conservation relations and an assumed equation of state are used to obtain the decomposition histories during the initiation process. In both cases, this process is effected by reaction originating near the impact face producing pressure pulses that overtake the shock front and enhance its strength, leading to an abrupt transition to detonation. Correlation of reaction rates to state variables suggest an Arrhenius rate form, modified to include a dependence on shock strength and an induction time. This rate is used in computer simulations of several other initiation experiments on PBX-9404.
Book Synopsis Detonation-wave Interactions. [PBX-9404]. by :
Download or read book Detonation-wave Interactions. [PBX-9404]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of laterally colliding, diverging, cylindrical detonation waves in PBX-9404 has been studied using the radiographic machine PHERMEX and the two-dimensional, reactive Lagrangian hydrodynamic code 2DL. The experimentally observed flow could be numerically reproduced using the Forest Fire heterogeneous shock initiation burn model which permits realistic numerical simulation of the burning region of regular and diverging detonation waves, and the interacting detonation waves undergoing regular and Mach reflection. The interaction of two, three, and five colliding, diverging spherical detonation waves in PBX-9404 has been numerically modeled using the three-dimensional, reactive Eulerian hydrodynamic code 3DE. The size and magnitude of the high pressure double, triple, quadruple, and quintuple interactions depends significantly upon the number and relative locations of initiators. The initiation of propagating detonation in the insensitive explosive PBX-9502 by triple shock-wave interaction resulting from three initiators has been studied using the 3DE code with Forest Fire kinetics.
Book Synopsis Detonation in Condensed Explosives by : James Taylor
Download or read book Detonation in Condensed Explosives written by James Taylor and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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