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Nature And Norm
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Book Synopsis Nature and Norm by : Randi Rashkover
Download or read book Nature and Norm written by Randi Rashkover and published by Academic Studies PRess. This book was released on 2021-02-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature and Norm: Judaism, Christianity and the Theopolitical Problem is a book about the encounter between Jewish and Christian thought and the fact-value divide that invites the unsettling recognition of the dramatic acosmism that shadows and undermines a considerable number of modern and contemporary Jewish and Christian thought systems. By exposing the forced option presented to Jewish and Christian thinkers by the continued appropriation of the fact-value divide, Nature and Norm motivates Jewish and Christian thinkers to perform an immanent critique of the failure of their thought systems to advance rational theopolitical claims and exercise the authority and freedom to assert their claims as reasonable hypotheses that hold the potential for enacting effective change in our current historical moment.
Book Synopsis Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion by : John Turri
Download or read book Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion written by John Turri and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language is a human universal reflecting our deeply social nature. Among its essential functions, language enables us to quickly and efficiently share information. We tell each other that many things are true—that is, we routinely make assertions. Information shared this way plays a critical role in the decisions and plans we make. In Knowledge and the Norm of Assertion, a distinguished philosopher and cognitive scientist investigates the rules or norms that structure our social practice of assertion. Combining evidence from philosophy, psychology, and biology, John Turri shows that knowledge is the central norm of assertion and explains why knowledge plays this role. Concise, comprehensive, non-technical, and thoroughly accessible, this volume quickly brings readers to the cutting edge of a major research program at the intersection of philosophy and science. It presupposes no philosophical or scientific training. It will be of interest to philosophers and scientists, is suitable for use in graduate and undergraduate courses, and will appeal to general readers interested in human nature, social cognition, and communication.
Download or read book From Nature to Norm written by John Post and published by Booksurge Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A meticulously scripted and thoughtfully considered monograph about the abyss between morality and biology, From Nature to Norm: An Essay in the Metaphysics of Morals proves as inventive as it is original. It combines the highest degree of originality with careful attention to potential objections, all in accord with Stravinsky's rule: To enjoy to the full the conquests of daring, we must demand that it operate in a pitiless light. Author and philosopher John F. Post explains how what seems an impossibility often proves to be a failure of the imagination. With wit and candor, he urges his readers to recall Stravinsky's rule and to ponder the relationships between the moral and biological dimensions of humankind. His is a dialogue to forge a path between the moral and the biological by way of forming a synthesis of these two crucial elements of human being.
Book Synopsis Norms of Nature by : Paul Sheldon Davies
Download or read book Norms of Nature written by Paul Sheldon Davies and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-01-24 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The components of living systems strike us as functional-as for the sake of certain ends—and as endowed with specific norms of performance. The mammalian eye, for example, has the function of perceiving and processing light, and possession of this property tempts us to claim that token eyes are supposed to perceive and process light. That is, we tend to evaluate the performance of token eyes against the norm described in the attributed functional property. Hence the norms of nature. What, then, are the norms of nature? Whence do they arise? Out of what natural properties or relations are they constituted? In Norms of Nature, Paul Sheldon Davies argues against the prevailing view that natural norms are constituted out of some form of historical success—usually success in natural selection. He defends the view that functions are nothing more than effects that contribute to the exercise of some more general systemic capacity. Natural functions exist insofar as the components of natural systems contribute to the exercise of systemic capacities. This is so irrespective of the system's history. Even if the mammalian eye had never been selected for, it would have the function of perceiving and processing light, because those are the effects that contribute to the exercise of the visual system. The systemic approach to conceptualizing natural norms, claims Davies, is superior to the historical approach in several important ways. Especially significant is that it helps us understand how the attribution of functions within the life sciences coheres with the methods and ontology of the natural sciences generally.
Book Synopsis Nature and Normativity by : Mark Okrent
Download or read book Nature and Normativity written by Mark Okrent and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature and Normativity argues that the problem of the place of norms in nature has been essentially misunderstood when it has been articulated in terms of the relation of human language and thought, on the one hand, and the world described by physics on the other. Rather, if we concentrate on the facts that speaking and thinking are activities of organic agents, then the problem of the place of the normative in nature becomes refocused on three related questions. First, is there a sense in which biological processes and the behavior of organisms can be legitimately subject to normative evaluation? Second, is there some sense in which, in addition to having ordinary causal explanations, organic phenomena can also legitimately be seen to happen because they should happen in that way, in some naturalistically comprehensible sense of 'should', or that organic phenomena happen in order to achieve some result, because that result should occur? And third, is it possible to naturalistically understand how human thought and language can be legitimately seen as the normatively evaluable behavior of a particular species of organism, behavior that occurs in order to satisfy some class of norms? This book develops, articulates, and defends positive answers to each of these questions.
Book Synopsis The Crossroads of Norm and Nature by : May Sim
Download or read book The Crossroads of Norm and Nature written by May Sim and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1995 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the intersections between Aristotle's works: Ethics and Metaphysics. It debates the ways in which - and even the extent to which - the two texts illuminate one another, examine Aristotle's methods and intellectualism and analyse issues of matter, form, potency and art.
Book Synopsis The Environment and You by : Norman L. Christensen
Download or read book The Environment and You written by Norman L. Christensen and published by Pearson. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This loose-leaf, three-hole punched version of the textbook gives students the flexibility to take only what they need to class and add their own notes-all at an affordable price. For Introductory Environmental Science Courses (Non-Majors). Build and practice skills needed to understand complex environmental issues The Environment and You, 3rd Edition, by Norm Christensen, Lissa Leege, and new co-author Justin St. Juliana, gives today's generation of students reason to be hopeful about environmental challenges. The authors draw on their pedagogical expertise and classroom experience to help students establish a reliable foundation in science. The unbiased approach of the text equips students with important analytical and quantitative reasoning skills, including how to ask questions to seek information required to develop informed opinions. The authors strive to inspire students, by connecting the course to choices they can make as citizens and demonstrating the role science can play in influencing personal, community, and global environmental issues. With the 3rd Edition, new features include You Decide which presents complex environmental issues and invites students to take a position and consider the results of their position. New Misconceptions address common student misunderstandings related to matters of scientific fact and tackle them head on. The textbook is closely integrated with Mastering(TM) Environmental Science to support instructors and students with a wide variety of engaging assignments and activities.
Author :Lorne Leslie Neil Evernden Publisher :Baltimore, Md. : Johns Hopkins University Press ISBN 13 : Total Pages :206 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (97 download)
Book Synopsis The Social Creation of Nature by : Lorne Leslie Neil Evernden
Download or read book The Social Creation of Nature written by Lorne Leslie Neil Evernden and published by Baltimore, Md. : Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1992-10 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book traces the evolution of the concept of "nature" over the past five centuries. In exploring the consequences of conventional understandings, it also seeks a way around the limitations of a socially created nature, in order to defend what is actually imperiled - "wildness".
Book Synopsis The Norms of Nature by : Malcolm Schofield
Download or read book The Norms of Nature written by Malcolm Schofield and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can moral philosophy alter our moral beliefs or our emotions? Does moral scepticism mean making up our own values, or does it leave us without moral commitments at all? Is it possible to find a basis for ethics in human nature? These are some of the main questions explored in this volume, which is devoted to the ethics of the Hellenistic schools of philosophy. Some of the leading scholars in the field have here taken a look at the bases of the Stoics' and Epicureans' thinking about what the Greeks took to be the central questions of philosophy. Their essays, which originated in a conference held at Bad Homburg in 1983, the third in a series of conferences on Hellenistic philosophy, propose important interpretations of the texts, and pose some fascinating problems about the different roles of argument and reason in ancient and modern moral philosophy. This book will be of interest to moral philosophers and to scholars of Greek philosophy too.
Download or read book Norm Contestation written by Betcy Jose and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief uses the theory of norm contestation as a model for understanding variation in norm-related behavior in international relations. While most typical approaches to understanding norms view norms as stable structures and actor responses to them as unquestioned, in a global political climate where departures from expected behavior may occur, a more nuanced model is needed. By using a norm contestation framework that highlights norm fluidity and actor agency, this book expands the discussion, providing insight into divergent interpretations of norm violation and compliance and the dynamic nature of norms. The first two chapters introduce the norm contestation model, explain how it contributes to the literature on norm violations, and discuss the reasons for the cases discussed. Chapters Three and Four provide detailed case studies of the mechanisms of norm contestation as they apply to the civilian immunity and non-intervention norms. Chapter Five concludes by reconnecting the norm contestation model to the case studies and describing how it can be applied to norms other than those regulating armed conflict. It also discusses policy implications and avenues for future research. As such, this book will appeal to students and researchers working broadly on issues related to international relations theory, armed conflict, security studies, humanitarianism, human rights, international law, and global governance. It will also be of interest to policy-makers and practitioners interested in influencing the normative behavior of actors in diverse arenas.
Book Synopsis Norms in the Wild by : Cristina Bicchieri
Download or read book Norms in the Wild written by Cristina Bicchieri and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large scale behavioral interventions work in some social contexts, but fail in others. The book explains this phenomenon with diverse personal and social behavioral motives, guided by research in economics, psychology, and international consulting done with UNICEF. The book offers tested tools that mobilize mass media, community groups, and autonomous "first movers" (or trendsetters) to alter harmful collective behaviors.
Book Synopsis The Normative and the Natural by : Michael P. Wolf
Download or read book The Normative and the Natural written by Michael P. Wolf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on a rich pragmatist tradition, this book offers an account of the different kinds of ‘oughts’, or varieties of normativity, that we are subject to contends that there is no conflict between normativity and the world as science describes it. The authors argue that normative claims aim to evaluate, to urge us to do or not do something, and to tell us how a state of affairs ought to be. These claims articulate forms of action-guidance that are different in kind from descriptive claims, with a wholly distinct practical and expressive character. This account suggests that there are no normative facts, and so nothing that needs any troublesome shoehorning into a scientific account of the world. This work explains that nevertheless, normative claims are constrained by the world, and answerable to reason and argumentation, in a way that makes them truth-apt and objective.
Book Synopsis The Artificial and the Natural by : Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent
Download or read book The Artificial and the Natural written by Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays - written by specialists of different periods and various disciplines - reveal that the division between nature and art has been continually challenged and reassesed in Western thought. Nature and art, the essays suggest, are mutually constructed, defining and redifining themselves.
Book Synopsis Essays in Legal and Moral Philosophy by : H. Kelsen
Download or read book Essays in Legal and Moral Philosophy written by H. Kelsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his choice of texts, the Editor has been faced with the difficult task of selecting, from among the author's more than 600 publications, those of the greatest philosophical interest. It is chiefly the topics of value-rela tivism and the logic of norms that have been kept in view. The selection has also been guided by the endeavour to reprint, so far as possible, texts which have not hitherto appeared in English. At times, however, this aim has had to be discarded, in order to include works of key im portance and also the latest expressions of Kelsen's view. In addition to the two topics already mentioned, the Editor has con sidered Kelsen's discussions of the causal principle to be so far worthy of philosophical attention, that some writings on causality and account ability have been included in this collection of philosophical studies. OTA WEINBERGER Hans Kelsen died on April 19th, 1973. Only his work now lives, for the inspiration of future generations of jurists and philosophers. Graz, 25th April, 1973 OT A WEINBERGER TRANSLATOR'S NOTE I am obliged to the Editor for his careful scrutiny of the translation, which has led to a number of corrections and improvements in the text.
Download or read book Yuck! written by Daniel Kelly and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-06-10 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the character and evolution of disgust and the role this emotion plays in our social and moral lives. People can be disgusted by the concrete and by the abstract—by an object they find physically repellent or by an ideology or value system they find morally abhorrent. Different things will disgust different people, depending on individual sensibilities or cultural backgrounds. In Yuck!, Daniel Kelly investigates the character and evolution of disgust, with an emphasis on understanding the role this emotion has come to play in our social and moral lives. Disgust has recently been riding a swell of scholarly attention, especially from those in the cognitive sciences and those in the humanities in the midst of the "affective turn." Kelly proposes a cognitive model that can accommodate what we now know about disgust. He offers a new account of the evolution of disgust that builds on the model and argues that expressions of disgust are part of a sophisticated but largely automatic signaling system that humans use to transmit information about what to avoid in the local environment. He shows that many of the puzzling features of moral repugnance tinged with disgust are by-products of the imperfect fit between a cognitive system that evolved to protect against poisons and parasites and the social and moral issues on which it has been brought to bear. Kelly's account of this emotion provides a powerful argument against invoking disgust in the service of moral justification.
Book Synopsis Understanding the EU’s Norm and Policy Diffusion in ASEAN through Trade and Security Cooperation by : Xuechen Chen
Download or read book Understanding the EU’s Norm and Policy Diffusion in ASEAN through Trade and Security Cooperation written by Xuechen Chen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the European Union’s (EU’s) norm and policy diffusion in relation to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). By looking at the EU’ engagement with ASEAN in trade and non-traditional security, the book analyzes the drivers, processes, and effectiveness of the EU’s norm and policy diffusion in ASEAN and explains the EU’s foreign policy and power projection in the context of its relationship with ASEAN. In doing so, it helps to advance knowledge about the EU’ external relations and power projection in relation to regional political entities beyond its immediate borders and affords firsthand empirical material on how the EU’s power in global politics is impacted by external perceptions and responses in different policy fields. This book will be of key interest to scholars, students, and practitioners of EU foreign policy, EU–SEAN relations, and ASEAN politics and more broadly to European Studies, Comparative Regionalism, Asian Studies, and International Relations
Book Synopsis Léon Duguit and the Social Obligation Norm of Property by : Paul Babie
Download or read book Léon Duguit and the Social Obligation Norm of Property written by Paul Babie and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-07 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates the importance of Léon Duguit for property theory in both the civil and common law world. It translates into English for the first time ever Duguit’s seminal lecture on property, the sixth of a series given in 1911 in Buenos Aires. It also collects essays from the leading experts on the social function of property in major civil and common law jurisdictions internationally. The book explores the importance that the notion of the social function of property has come to have not only in France but in the entire civil law tradition, and also considers the wide – if un-attributed and seldom regarded – influence in the common law tradition and theory of property.
