Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds

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Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds - A Comprehensive Update

Author : Gordon W. Gribble
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3211993231
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds - A Comprehensive Update by : Gordon W. Gribble

Download or read book Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds - A Comprehensive Update written by Gordon W. Gribble and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the long association of organohalogen compounds with human activities, nature is the producer of nearly 5,000 halogen-containing chemicals. Once dismissed as accidents of nature or isolation artifacts, organohalogen compounds represent an important and ever growing class of natural products, in many cases exhibiting exceptional biological activity. Since the last comprehensive review in 1996 (Vol. 68, this series), there have been discovered an additional 2,500 organochlorine, organobromine, and other organohalogen compounds. These natural organohalogens are biosynthesized by bacteria, fungi, lichen, plants, marine organisms of all types, insects, and higher animals including humans. These compounds are also formed abiogenically, as in volcanoes, forest fires, and other geothermal events.In some instances, natural organohalogens are precisely the same chemicals that man synthesizes for industrial use, and some of the quantities of these natural chemicals far exceed the quantities emitted by man.

Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds

Author : A. Douglas Kinghorn
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031266293
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds by : A. Douglas Kinghorn

Download or read book Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds written by A. Douglas Kinghorn and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-24 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number — from fewer than 25 in 1968 — to approximately 8,000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.

Natural Production of Organohalogen Compounds

Author : Gordon W. Gribble
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540452931
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Production of Organohalogen Compounds by : Gordon W. Gribble

Download or read book Natural Production of Organohalogen Compounds written by Gordon W. Gribble and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-07-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge on naturally occurring organohalogens, of which more than 3700 are documented. The chapters cover all aspects of this field, including the structural diversity and sources of organohalogens, the mechanisms for their formation and biodegradation, the clinical use of dichloroacetate, and the synthesis of the powerful anticancer chlorine-containing cryptophycin. Both biogenic and abiogenic sources of organohalogens are treated, the latter of which include volcanic emissions and abiogenic formation in soil. Halogenation in humans, fungi, and in the ocean are covered in separate chapters. Sources and biosynthesis of the relatively rare natural organofluorines are also discussed in this volume. By better understanding of the role nature plays in the area of organohalogens, we can more intelligently regulate the production, use, and disposal of man-made organohalogen compounds.

Naturally-Produced Organohalogens

Author : Anders Grimvall
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401100616
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturally-Produced Organohalogens by : Anders Grimvall

Download or read book Naturally-Produced Organohalogens written by Anders Grimvall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should the production and use of chlorine and all chlorinated organic compounds be halted, in view of their adverse effects on the environment and human health? Those in favour argue that certain chlorinated compounds (PCBs, DDT, CFCs, etc.) have large negative environmental effects. The use of chlorine in disinfectants leads to the production of chloroform, while bulk products (PVC) contribute to the production of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans when they are burned. Those against argue that chlorine and many chlorinated compounds are essential in the control of human health (the prevention of disease transmitted through drinking water that has not been disinfected), and that chlorinated compounds are indispensable intermediates in many production processes, representing a vast economic value. But such discussions often ignore the fact that Nature contributes significantly to the production of chlorinated organic compounds. More than 1000 such compounds are known, and their contribution to the biogeochemical cycling of chlorine is underestimated. Chlorine is organically bound in large quantities to humic materials, and natural production mechanisms are known for low molecular weight compounds (methyl chloride, chloroform, chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans). The role of these compounds in the environment is largely unknown. Naturally-Produced Organohalogens gives a complete overview of the present state of knowledge on the subject, giving a much needed balance to the argument sketched out above.

Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria

Author : Lorenz Adrian
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662498758
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria by : Lorenz Adrian

Download or read book Organohalide-Respiring Bacteria written by Lorenz Adrian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the current state of knowledge concerning bacteria that use halogenated organic compounds as respiratory electron acceptors. The discovery of organohalide-respiring bacteria has expanded the range of electron acceptors used for energy conservation, and serves as a prime example of how scientific discoveries are enabling innovative engineering solutions that have transformed remediation practice. Individual chapters provide in-depth background information on the discovery, isolation, phylogeny, biochemistry, genomic features, and ecology of individual organohalide-respiring genera, including Dehalococcoides, Dehalogenimonas, Dehalobacter, Desulfitobacterium and Sulfurospirillum, as well as organohalide-respiring members of the Deltaproteobacteria. The book introduces readers to the fascinating biology of organohalide-respiring bacteria, offering a valuable resource for students, engineers and practitioners alike.

Fundamentals of Air Pollution 2e

Author : Arthur C. Stern
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323161588
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Air Pollution 2e by : Arthur C. Stern

Download or read book Fundamentals of Air Pollution 2e written by Arthur C. Stern and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1984-05-28 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Air Pollution, Second Edition discusses the basic chemistry, physics, and engineering of air pollution. This edition explores the processes and equipment that produce less pollution in the atmosphere. This book is comprised of six parts encompassing 28 chapters. This text starts with an overview of the predominant air pollution problems during the Industrial Revolution, including smoke and ash produced by burning oil or coal in the boiler furnaces of power plants, marine vessels, and locomotives. This edition then explores the mathematical models of atmospheric transport and diffusion and discusses the air pollution control in communities. Other chapters deal with atmospheric chemistry, control technology, and visibility through the atmosphere. This book further examines the regulatory concepts that have become more significant, such as the bubble concept, air quality, emission standards, and the trading and banking of emission rights. Air pollution scientists, atmospheric scientists, ecologists, engineers, educators, researchers, and students will find this book extremely useful.

Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783709174562
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (745 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products by :

Download or read book Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volumes of this classic series, now referred to simply as "Zechmeister" after its founder, L. Zechmeister, have appeared under the Springer imprint ever since the series was founded in 1938. The volumes contain contributions on various topics related to the origin, distribution, chemistry, synthesis, biochemistry, function or use of various classes of naturally occurring substances ranging from small molecules to biopolymers. Each contribution is written by a recognized authority in his field and provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the topic in question. Addressed to biologists, technologists and chemists alike, the series can be used by the expert as a source of information and literature citations and by the non-expert as a means of orientation in a rapidly developing discipline.

Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds in the Paper Industry

Author : Victor Turoski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781575040660
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds in the Paper Industry by : Victor Turoski

Download or read book Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds in the Paper Industry written by Victor Turoski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-09-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides essential information on toxicology, risk assessment, analysis, monitoring, human and ecological effects, treatment alternatives, ecosystem health, compliance, and much more.

Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709168872
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products by :

Download or read book Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this ASI was to bring together specialists in several complex variables (many of whom have contributed to complex potential theory) and specialists in potential theory (all of whom have contributed to several complex variables) together with young researchers and graduate students for an interchange of ideas and techniques. Not only was the status of current research presented, but also the relevant background, much of which is not yet available in books. The following topics and interconnections among them were discussed: 1. Real and Complex Potential Theory. Capacity and approximation, basic prop erties of plurisubharmonic functions and methods to manipulate their singularities and study their growth, Green functions, Chebyshev-type quadratures, electrostatic fields and potentials, propagation of smallness. 2. Complex Dynamics. Review of complex dynamics in one variable, Julia sets, Fatou sets, background in several variables, Henon maps, ergodicity, use of potential theory and multifunctions. 3. Banach Algebras and Infinite Dimensional Holomorphy. Analytic multi functions, spectral theory, analytic functions on a Banach space, semigroups of holomor phic isometries, Pick interpolation on uniform algebras and Von Neumann inequalities for operators on a Hilbert space. The basic notion of complex potential theory is that of a plurisubharmonic function.

Algal Chemical Ecology

Author : Charles D. Amsler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 354074181X
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Algal Chemical Ecology by : Charles D. Amsler

Download or read book Algal Chemical Ecology written by Charles D. Amsler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-03 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yet another Springer world-beater, this is the first ever book devoted to the chemical ecology of algae. It covers both marine and freshwater habitats and all types of algae, from seaweeds to phytoplankton. While the book emphasizes the ecological rather than chemical aspects of the field, it does include a unique introductory chapter that serves as a primer on algal natural products chemistry.

The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes

Author : Hans Eggenkamp
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642285066
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes by : Hans Eggenkamp

Download or read book The Geochemistry of Stable Chlorine and Bromine Isotopes written by Hans Eggenkamp and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides detailed information on the history, analysis and applications of chlorine and bromine isotope geochemistry. Chlorine and bromine are geochemically unique as they prefer to exist as single charged negative ions. For this reason isotope fractionation reflects mostly processes that are not related to changes in the redox state and this fractionation is generally modest. The book will describe the processes that are most easily detected using these isotopes. Also isotope variations, and processes that cause them, measured in oxidised species such as perchlorates and in organic molecules will be described in this book.

Organofluorines

Author : A.H. Neilson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540420644
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Organofluorines by : A.H. Neilson

Download or read book Organofluorines written by A.H. Neilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-07-03 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, written by a range of international experts, covers a wide range of topics involving organic fluorine compounds. Each chapter is preceded by a summary and includes extensive illustrations and references. The chapters cover atmospheric chemistry, application of 19F NMR, partition, degradation and transformation, naturally occurring organic fluorine compounds, toxicology of perfluoroalkanes and phosphorofluoridates, and application of aromatic compounds to the elucidation of the mechanism of cytochrome P450.

Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers

Author : James G. Speight
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128011424
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers by : James G. Speight

Download or read book Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers written by James G. Speight and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Inorganic Chemistry for Engineers explains the principles of inorganic contaminant behavior, also applying these principles to explore available remediation technologies, and providing the design, operation, and advantages or disadvantages of the various remediation technologies. Written for environmental engineers and researchers, this reference provides the tools and methods that are imperative to protect and improve the environment. The book's three-part treatment starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of metals, including topics such as preparations, structures and bonding, reactions and properties, and complex formation and sequestering. This coverage is followed by a self-contained section concerning complex formation, sequestering, and organometallics, including hydrides and carbonyls. Part Two, Non-Metals, provides an overview of chemical periodicity and the fundamentals of their structure and properties. Clearly explains the principles of inorganic contaminant behavior in order to explore available remediation technologies Provides the design, operation, and advantages or disadvantages of the various remediation technologies Presents a clear exposition of metals, including topics such as preparations, structures, and bonding, reaction and properties, and complex formation and sequestering

Dehalogenation

Author : Max M. Häggblom
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306480115
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Dehalogenation by : Max M. Häggblom

Download or read book Dehalogenation written by Max M. Häggblom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Halogenated organic compounds constitute one of the largest groups of environmental chemicals. The industrial production of new halogenated organic compounds has increased throughout the last century peaking in the 1960s, and continuing in widespread use today. Organohalides are integral to a variety of industrial applications, including use as solvents, degreasing agents, biocides, pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, hydraulic and heat transfer fluids, and intermediates for chemical synthesis, to name a few. It is important to recognize the beneficial aspects of halogenated organic compounds, as well as their potentially deleterious impact on the environment and health. Recognition ofthe adverse environmental effects ofmanytypes oforganohalide compounds has led to efforts to reduce or eliminate the most problematic ones. Although organohalide compounds are typically considered to be anthropogenic industrial compounds, they have their counterpart in several thousands of natural biogenic and geogenic organohalides, representing most classes of organic chemicals. Natural sources account for a significant portion of the global organohalogen budget. This volume authored by recognized experts in the field provides a current perspective on how both natural and synthetic organohalides are formed and degraded, and how these processes are incorporated into a global halogen cycle. The focus is on microbial processes, since these play a major role both in the production and degradation, i. e. , cycling of halogenated organic compounds inthe environment. This book is organized into five parts. Part I, Introduction, provides a global perspective on the issues of organohalides and their fate in the environment.

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles

Author : Peter S. Liss
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642256430
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles by : Peter S. Liss

Download or read book Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles written by Peter S. Liss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.

Palladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry

Author : Jie Jack Li
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080465846
Total Pages : 658 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Palladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry by : Jie Jack Li

Download or read book Palladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry written by Jie Jack Li and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-10-20 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palladium chemistry, despite its immaturity, has rapidly become an indispensable tool for synthetic organic chemists. Heterocycles are of paramount importance in the pharmaceutical industry and palladium chemistry is one of the most novel and efficient ways of making heterocycles. Today, palladium-catalyzed coupling is the method of choice for the synthesis of a wide range of biaryls and heterobiaryls. The number of applications of palladium chemistry to the syntheses of heterocycles has grown exponentially. These developments highlight the need for a monograph dedicated solely to the palladium chemistry in heterocycles and this book provides a comprehensive explanation of the subject. The principal aim of the book is to highlight important palladium-mediated reactions of heterocycles with emphasis on the unique characteristics of individual heterocycles. 1. Palladium chemistry of heterocycles has its “idiosyncrasies stemming from their different structural properties from the corresponding carbocyclic aryl compounds. Even activated chloroheterocycles are sufficiently reactive to undergo Pd-catalyzed reactions. As a consequence of &agr and &bgr activation of heteroaryl halides, Pd-catalyzed chemistry may take place regioselectively at the activated positions, a phenomenon rarely seen in carbocyclic aryl halides. In addition, another salient peculiarity in palladium chemistry of heterocycles is the so-called "heteroaryl Heck reaction". For instance, while intermolecular palladium-catalyzed arylations of carbocyclic arenes are rare, palladium-catalyzed arylations of azoles and many other heterocycles readily take place. Therefore, the principal aim of this book is to highlight important palladium-mediated reactions of heterocycles with emphasis on the unique characteristics of individual heterocycles. 2. A myriad of heterocycles are biologically active and therefore of paramount importance to medicinal and agricultural chemists. Many heterocycle-containing natural products (they are highlighted in boxes throughout the text) have elicited great interest from both academic and industrial research groups. Recognizing the similarities between the palladium chemistry of arenes and heteroarenes, a critical survey of the accomplishments in heterocyclic chemistry will keep readers abreast of such a fast-growing field. We also hope this book will spur more interest and inspire ideas in such an extremely useful area. This book comprises a compilation of important preparations of heteroaryl halides, boranes and stannanes for each heterocycle. The large body of data regarding palladium-mediated polymerization of heterocycles in material chemistry is not focused here; neither is coordination chemistry involving palladium and heterocycles. Many heterocycle-containing natural products (highlighted throughout the text) have elicited great interest from both academic and industrial research groups. Recognizing the similarities between the palladium chemistry of arenes and heteroarenes, a critical survey of the accomplishments in heterocyclic chemistry keeps readers abreast of this fast-growing field. It is also hoped that this book will stimulate more interest and inspire new ideas in this exciting area. Contains the most up-to-date developments in this fast-moving field Includes 3 new chapters Incorporates material from selected well-respected authors on heterocyclic chemistry

Chlorine and the Environment

Author : Ruth Stringer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401598134
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Chlorine and the Environment by : Ruth Stringer

Download or read book Chlorine and the Environment written by Ruth Stringer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to examine comprehensively the chlorine industry and its effects on the environment. It covers not only the history of chlorine production, but also looks at its products, their effects on the global environment, and the international legislation which controls their use, release, and disposal. Individual chapters are dedicated to subjects such as releases of organochlorines into the environment, and the environmental impact of ozone depletion, providing simple explanations of these complex issues. These are backed up with case studies of landmark events in the history of the chlorine industry - for example the Seveso explosion or the Yusho and Yu-Cheng mass poisonings. With a clear, concise text and numerous compilations of critical data, this book will prove an invaluable source reference for environmental scientists, students, and policy makers with an interest in this subject.